The Dialectical Activity of Becoming Just

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Garthoff
Keyword(s):  
Ideal Theory ◽  
Approximation Model ◽  
Political Justice ◽  
Human Psychology ◽  
A Value ◽  
Individual Justice ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Dynamic Approximation ◽  
Over Time

This chapter articulates a “dynamic approximation” model of the acquisition and maintenance of the individual virtues. This model incorporates elements of Talbot Brewer’s account of virtue acquisition as a dialectical activity, in which attention is repeatedly and indefinitely refocused on a value, over time enabling both deeper engagement with it and deeper appreciation of it. The model also adapts elements of John Rawls’s ideal theory of political justice, applying these in a novel way to the case of individual justice. These elements include holding fixed broad contours of human psychology for the purpose of articulating ideals and emphasizing conditions where characteristic threats and obstacles to justice are resisted and overcome. The focus here is on the individual virtue of justice, and the chapter discusses three families of threats and obstacles to its acquisition and maintenance.

On the Individual

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 205-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Magnusson
Keyword(s):  
School Psychologist ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Developmental Research ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Over Time

A description of two cases from my time as a school psychologist in the middle of the 1950s forms the background to the following question: Has anything important happened since then in psychological research to help us to a better understanding of how and why individuals think, feel, act, and react as they do in real life and how they develop over time? The studies serve as a background for some general propositions about the nature of the phenomena that concerns us in developmental research, for a summary description of the developments in psychological research over the last 40 years as I see them, and for some suggestions about future directions.

Geographical aspects of the diffusion of passive houses

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kozma ◽  
E. Molnár ◽  
K. Czimre ◽  
J. Pénzes
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Substantial Part ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Passive House ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Passive Houses ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Geographical Locations ◽  
Over Time

Abstract In our days, energy issues belong to the most important problems facing the Earth and the solution may be expected partly from decreasing the amount of the energy used and partly from the increased utilisation of renewable energy resources. A substantial part of energy consumption is related to buildings and includes, inter alia, the use for cooling/heating, lighting and cooking purposes. In the view of the above, special attention has been paid to minimising the energy consumption of buildings since the late 1980s. Within the framework of that, the passive house was created, a building in which the thermal comfort can be achieved solely by postheating or postcooling of the fresh air mass without a need for recirculated air. The aim of the paper is to study the changes in the construction of passive houses over time. In addition, the differences between the geographical locations and the observable peculiarities with regard to the individual building types are also presented.

The Students Value Attitude to Healthy Lifestyle

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 66-70
Author(s):  
Marina Anatolevna Mefodeva ◽  
Gulnara Firdusovna Valieva
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Individual

Abstract The relevance of the investigated problem is caused by the increased attention to the issues of a healthy lifestyle among students in Russia. Promotion of a healthy lifestyle, taking into account the individual interests and preferences of students can be embodied not only in the class but also in the framework of elective programs and courses, that are targeted on a healthy lifestyle. The authors reveal approaches, principles and pedagogical conditions for having a healthy lifestyle in the framework of training in educational institutions. The issues of bad habits influence the development and formation of a value attitude to a healthy lifestyle are considered.

Personality change and environmental concerns

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher James Hopwood ◽  
Ted Schwaba ◽  
Wiebke Bleidorn
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Change ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
German Population ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Sustainable Behavior ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Over Time

Personal concerns about climate change and the environment are a powerful motivator of sustainable behavior. People’s level of concern varies as a function of a variety of social and individual factors. Using data from 58,748 participants from a nationally representative German sample, we tested preregistered hypotheses about factors that impact concerns about the environment over time. We found that environmental concerns increased modestly from 2009-2017 in the German population. However, individuals in middle adulthood tended to be more concerned and showed more consistent increases in concern over time than younger or older people. Consistent with previous research, Big Five personality traits were correlated with environmental concerns. We present novel evidence that increases in concern were related to increases in the personality traits neuroticism and openness to experience. Indeed, changes in openness explained roughly 50% of the variance in changes in environmental concerns. These findings highlight the importance of understanding the individual level factors associated with changes in environmental concerns over time, towards the promotion of more sustainable behavior at the individual level.

The Republic

2019 ◽  
pp. 205-229
Author(s):  
Dominic Scott
Keyword(s):  
Political Theory ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Ideal State ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Individual Justice ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Political Right ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Ideal

This chapter presents a reading of Plato’s Republic. The Republic is among Plato’s most complex works. From its title, the first-time reader will expect a dialogue about political theory, yet the work starts from the perspective of the individual, coming to focus on the question of how, if at all, justice contributes to an agent’s happiness. Only after this question has been fully set out does the work evolve into an investigation of politics—of the ideal state and of the institutions that sustain it, especially those having to do with education. But the interest in individual justice and happiness is never left behind. Rather, the work weaves in and out of the two perspectives, individual and political, right through to its conclusion. All this may leave one wondering about the unity of the work. The chapter shows that, despite the enormous range of topics discussed, the Republic fits together as a coherent whole.

ExpanDrogram: Dynamic Visualization of Big Data Segmentation over Time

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
A. Khalemsky ◽  
R. Gelbard
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Visual Presentation ◽  
Trend Detection ◽  
Dynamic Visualization ◽  
Segmentation Process ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Over Time

In dynamic and big data environments the visualization of a segmentation process over time often does not enable the user to simultaneously track entire pieces. The key points are sometimes incomparable, and the user is limited to a static visual presentation of a certain point. The proposed visualization concept, called ExpanDrogram, is designed to support dynamic classifiers that run in a big data environment subject to changes in data characteristics. It offers a wide range of features that seek to maximize the customization of a segmentation problem. The main goal of the ExpanDrogram visualization is to improve comprehensiveness by combining both the individual and segment levels, illustrating the dynamics of the segmentation process over time, providing “version control” that enables the user to observe the history of changes, and more. The method is illustrated using different datasets, with which we demonstrate multiple segmentation parameters, as well as multiple display layers, to highlight points such as new trend detection, outlier detection, tracking changes in original segments, and zoom in/out for more/less detail. The datasets vary in size from a small one to one of more than 12 million records.

scholarly journals The comparison of the scores obtained by Bayesian nonparametric model and classical test theory methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 003685042110283
Author(s):  
Meltem Yurtcu ◽  
Hülya Kelecioglu ◽  
Edward L Boone
Keyword(s):  
Classical Test Theory ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Test Theory ◽  
Nonparametric Model ◽  
Bayesian Nonparametric ◽  
Test Equating ◽  
Classical Test ◽  
A Value ◽  
Item Functioning ◽  
The Individual

Bayesian Nonparametric (BNP) modelling can be used to obtain more detailed information in test equating studies and to increase the accuracy of equating by accounting for covariates. In this study, two covariates are included in the equating under the Bayes nonparametric model, one is continuous, and the other is discrete. Scores equated with this model were obtained for a single group design for a small group in the study. The equated scores obtained with the model were compared with the mean and linear equating methods in the Classical Test Theory. Considering the equated scores obtained from three different methods, it was found that the equated scores obtained with the BNP model produced a distribution closer to the target test. Even the classical methods will give a good result with the smallest error when using a small sample, making equating studies valuable. The inclusion of the covariates in the model in the classical test equating process is based on some assumptions and cannot be achieved especially using small groups. The BNP model will be more beneficial than using frequentist methods, regardless of this limitation. Information about booklets and variables can be obtained from the distributors and equated scores that obtained with the BNP model. In this case, it makes it possible to compare sub-categories. This can be expressed as indicating the presence of differential item functioning (DIF). Therefore, the BNP model can be used actively in test equating studies, and it provides an opportunity to examine the characteristics of the individual participants at the same time. Thus, it allows test equating even in a small sample and offers the opportunity to reach a value closer to the scores in the target test.

Canada’s changing innovation landscape

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Razib Alam ◽  
Bonwoo Koo ◽  
Brian Paul Cozzarin
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Destination Country ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Patent Classification ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The University ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Our objective is to study Canada’s patenting activity over time in aggregate terms by destination country, by assignee and destination country, and by diversification by country of destination. We collect bibliographic patent data from the Canadian Intellectual Property Office and the United States Patent and Trademark Office. We identify 19,957 matched Canada–US patents, 34,032 Canada-only patents, and 43,656 US-only patents from 1980 to 2014. Telecommunications dominates in terms of International Patent Classification technologies for US-only and Canada–US patents. At the firm level, the greatest number of matched Canada–US patents were granted in the field of telecommunications, at the university level in pharmaceuticals, at the government level in control and instrumentation technology, and at the individual level in civil engineering. We use entropy to quantify technological diversification and find that diversification indices decline over time for Canada and the USA; however, all US indices decline at a faster rate.

The Individual and Administrative Justice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi Creutzfeldt
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Perceptions Of Fairness ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Individual Justice ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Service ◽  
Administrative Justice

This chapter discusses what individual justice means in the realm of administrative justice. The standards of justice and fairness that apply in administrative decision-making need consideration from the perspective of the service user. Should the administrative justice system serve the citizen or the state? What role do individual service users have in the design, use, and evaluation of more bureaucratic systems of redress? Different notions of justice, as they relate to primary decision-making processes, have been described through various models. This chapter provides a set of tools with which to study the subject and argues for the importance of user voice and perceptions of fairness in the provision of a more citizen-focussed justice.

Yet Another Expert Opinion on Bilirubin Toxicity!

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 829-831
Author(s):  
LOIS JOHNSON
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Expert Opinion ◽  
Term Newborn ◽  
New Guidelines ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Bilirubin Toxicity ◽  
Toxic Potential ◽  
Over Time

Drs Newman and Maisels1 have provided valuable new guidelines for management of jaundice in the term newborn which take into account age at discharge from the hospital and some of the factors altering the general risk of bilirubin toxicity. They note that much of the information needed to identify the individual at risk is still unavailable and remind their readers that their "recommendations should be reevaluated periodically as new data become available." I have serious concerns, however, with the second half of their paper which almost completely downplays the toxic potential of bilirubin, its often erratic expression, and its ability to cause a spectrum of damage ranging from frank kernicterus to insults that are so minor as to be compensated for completely over time.2-4

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document