The World Well Gained

2019 ◽  
pp. 161-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Anderson ◽  
Anthony Chemero
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Model ◽  
Extended Cognition ◽  
Model Representation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Shannon Information ◽  
Predictive Processing ◽  
Ecological Information ◽  
The World ◽  
Do So

Many commentators on Clark’s writings on predictive processing have wondered how well the predictive processing model actually fits with embodied and extended cognition. The former seems to imply that cognition is secluded from the environment, while the latter implies that cognition is in and of the environment. This chapter argues that a reconciliation with embodied and extended cognition is possible but requires that predictive processing proponents reject environmental seclusion. To do so means adopting ecological information in place of the Shannon information most typically invoked by proponents of predictive processing, and giving many of the other semantic-sounding terms they use (e.g., “prediction,” “model,” “representation”) deflationary understandings.

scholarly journals Essence and Mere Necessity

2018 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
pp. 309-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Leech
Keyword(s):  
Good Reason ◽  
The Other ◽  
De Re ◽  
The World ◽  
Do So

AbstractRecently, a debate has developed between those who claim that essence can be explained in terms ofde remodality (modalists), and those who claim thatde remodality can be explained in terms of essence (essentialists). The aim of this paper is to suggest that we should reassess. It is assumed that either necessity is to be accounted for in terms of essence, or that essence is to be accounted for in terms of necessity. I will argue that we should assume neither. I discuss what role these key notions – essence and necessity – can reasonably be thought to contribute to our understanding of the world, and argue that, given these roles, there is no good reason to think that we should give an account of one in terms of the other. I conclude: if we can adequately explainde remodality and essence at all, we should aim to do so separately.

Richard William Southern 1912–2001

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Murray
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Practical Action ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
Deep Thought ◽  
Life Work ◽  
Made In ◽  
Do So

People with a logical turn of mind say that the history of the world can be summarised in a sentence. A précis of mediaval historian Richard William Southern's work made in that spirit would identify two characteristics, one housed inside the other, and both quite apart from the question of its quality as a work of art. The first is his sympathy for a particular kind of medieval churchman, a kind who combined deep thought about faith with practical action. This characteristic fits inside another, touching Southern's historical vision as a whole. Its genesis is traceable to those few seconds in his teens when he ‘quarrelled’ with his father about the Renaissance. The intuition that moved him to do so became a historical fides quaerens intellectum. Reflection on Southern's life work leaves us with an example of the service an historian can perform for his contemporary world, as a truer self-perception seeps into the common consciousness by way of a lifetime of teaching and writing, spreading out through the world (all Southern's books were translated into one or more foreign language).

Quick’n’Lean or Slow and Rich?

2019 ◽  
pp. 191-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakob Hohwy
Keyword(s):  
Prior Knowledge ◽  
Sensory Input ◽  
Extended Cognition ◽  
Predictive Processing ◽  
Internal Representations ◽  
New Synthesis ◽  
The World

Andy Clark’s exciting work on predictive processing provides the umbrella under which his hugely influential previous work on embodied and extended cognition seeks a unified home. This chapter argues that in fact predictive processing harbours internalist, inferentialist and epistemic tenets that cannot leave embodied and extended cognition unchanged. Predictive processing cannot do the work Clark requires of it without relying on rich, preconstructive internal representations of the world, nor without engaging in paradigmatically rational integration of prior knowledge and new sensory input. Hence, next to Clark’s image of fluid “uncertainty surfing” is an equally valid image of more emaciated and plodding world-modelling. Rather than underpinning orthodox embodied and extended approches, predictive processing therefore presents an opportunity for a potentially fruitful new synthesis of cognitivist and embodied approaches to cognition.

Banner Blindness: The Irony of Attention Grabbing on the World Wide Web

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 463-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Panero Benway
Keyword(s):  
World Wide Web ◽  
World Wide ◽  
The Other ◽  
Controlled Conditions ◽  
The World ◽  
Web Designers ◽  
Do So ◽  
Banner Blindness

Web designers attempt to draw attention to important links by making them distinctive. However, when users are asked to find specific items, they often overlook these distinctive banners. The irony of “banner blindness” is that the user who really wants to find the information the designer has highlighted is not likely to do so. In the experiments reported here, banner blindness is reproduced under controlled conditions. Banners located higher on the page and therefore further from the other page links were missed more often than banners located lower on the page and closer to the other links. Banners were missed more often when located on pages containing links to categories than when located on pages with links to specific items. Users saw banners hardly at all when clicking a banner was not required to accomplish a task.

scholarly journals Metafore sebstva u autobiografskom diskursu Vesne Parun

2016 ◽  
Vol XIV (2) ◽  
pp. 184-184
Author(s):  
Kornelija Kuvač-Levačić
Keyword(s):  
Narrative Identity ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Factual Information ◽  
Human Personality ◽  
The World ◽  
Literary Device ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Symbolic Number ◽  
Do So

By using the concept of the Self as the human personality in its totality, as defined by Carl Gustav Jung and furthered by P. Ricoeur (the theory of narrative identity, the Self defined as an identity constructed by narrative configuration, the dialectics of the discovery of the other in one’s own Self and one’s own Self in the Other), this work will focus in the analysis of metaphors which express the Self of the auto-diegetic narrator as can be found in the autobiographical discourse of Vesna Parun. The corpus of this research is to be found in selected texts from her volume Noć za pakost. Moj život u 40 vreća (2001). From the first chapter of this volume [which consists of the following works of autobiography and essays: Poljubac života (1993), Do zalaska sunca hodajući za kamilicom (1958), Pod muškim kišobranom (1986)] the reader comes to realise that, for this author, the writing of autobiography is itself a problem of self-expression and that she had constantly deferred it, while, on the other hand, feeling a great compulsion from within to do so. This sense of paradox finds its reflection in some of the constitutive elements which can be found in her autobiographical discourse. In the relationship between literature and reality, which is something which the genre of autobiography questions in its own way, the author noticeably distances herself from the mere documentary transmission of factual information from her life. A reflection of this can be seen in the negation of a strict chronology of events and confessions, as she makes recourse to a technique which uses collage and appears fragmentary; furthermore, here prose here has a lyrical quality, negating "metaphor as a literary device" and transforming it into "literature as metaphor". The autobiographical prose of Vesna Parun is especially dense with metaphor, and it can be concluded that it expresses her Self. Attention is directed here to three metaphors in particular – the umbrella, which can be both "masculine" and "feminine", a map of the world, on the wall of every house in Vesna’s community, as well the sack, which is followed by the symbolic number 40, as many in which she could fill her life in. Besides the metaphors mentioned here, what will be proposed here is that in the autobiographical discourse of Vesna Parun literature itself is presented as metaphor of her Self, appearing to the reader as significantly (auto)meta-textual.

scholarly journals DOWSING, NANOTECHNOLOGIES AND PROSPECTS OF APPLIED AND FUNDAMENTAL GEOPHYSICS

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
В.Н. Шулейкин ◽  
А.Д. Жигалин
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
The World ◽  
Uncertain Future ◽  
Gold Metal ◽  
Do So

Лозоходство и использование нанотехнологий разделяет более 4‑х тысяч лет. Можно ли сейчас сопоставлять эти две технологии, одну, буквально, «старую как мир», и другую, обращенную от дней сегодняшних в необозримое и пока неясное будущее. Секрет эффекта лозы до сих пор не раскрыт до конца. В статье обсуждаются различные взгляды на проблему – строгий геофизический, объясняющий наблюдаемые эффекты с позиций физического эксперимента; биофизический, основанный на представлении о человеке как о сенсоре, чувствительного к внешним полям, и сугубо индивидуального, «астрального». Возможно, «нанотехнологический» подход к решению задачи позволит теснее объединить различные представления и глубже проникнуть в природу вещей в обозримом будущем Dowsing and the use of nanotechnology divides more than 4 thousand years. Is it possible today to compare the two technologies: one is «ancient as the world» and the other facing away from the current days in a vast and yet uncertain future. Dowsers were able to find water, gold, metal ores and other minerals with the help of some form twigs (vines) or frames and pendulum. Vines effect secret has not yet been disclosed to the end. Perhaps the «nanotechnology» approach to the problem will do so in the foreseeable will-present

Among Lovers

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 99-124
Author(s):  
Liesbeth Schoonheim ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Public ◽  
Person Following ◽  
The World ◽  
The Will ◽  
Positive Light ◽  
Do So

Both love and politics name relations, according to Arendt, in which a subject is constituted as a unique person. Following up on this suggestion, I explore how love gives rise to a conception of personhood that temporarily suspends the public judgments and social prejudices that reduce the other to their actions or to their social identity. I do so by tracing a similar movement in the various tropes of Arendt’s phenomenology of love: the retreat away from the collective world into the intimacy of love, followed by the necessary return to the world and the end of love. This exploration casts a new—and surprisingly positive—light on some key notions in Arendt’s thought, such as the body, the will, and life. However, Arendt disregards that love, as De Beauvoir argued, requires a constant effort in restraining our tendency to reduce the lover to their social identity.

Treatment indications for light therapy

1995 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-46
Author(s):  
S. Kasper ◽  
A. Neumeister
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Modality ◽  
Seasonal Affective Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Light Therapy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Treatment Indications ◽  
Seasonal Depression ◽  
The World ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Do So

Light therapy (LT) has become increasingly popular in various countries around the world in the last decade. For instance, according to a recent survey carried out in Germany in 1992, 13% (n = 56) of all German psychiatric hospitals (n = 422) used LT for different treatment indications and another 8% indicated their interest to do so. Among university facilities LT is even more popular, with a percentage of 57%. Although the most frequently used treatment indication for LT is seasonal affective disorder (SAD) or its subsyndromal form (S-SAD) it is apparent that other forms of depression e.g. non-seasonal forms, either acute or chronic are also a target for this new treatment modality. There is a number of studies supporting the use of LT for SAD (for review), however there are just a few studies for non-seasonal depression or for the other treatment indications (for review).

scholarly journals LISTENING: AN INTERDISCIPLINARY PATH TOWARDS LETTING THINGS BE

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 212-231
Author(s):  
MAJA BJELICA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
The Other ◽  
Constitutive Activity ◽  
Luce Irigaray ◽  
Acoustic Ecology ◽  
Life World ◽  
Multiple Voices ◽  
The World ◽  
Auditory Sense ◽  
Do So

The Western philosophical and scientific tradition was and still is based on rationalism, objectivity, truths that are all sought from the ocularcentric paradigm. Many thinkers, however, have been recognising this perspective to be exclusive towards the other senses, and therefore insufficient. Listening, as enabled by the auditory sense, has a potential for revealing a deeper sense of being in the world. In this article listening is presented as a possible way towards inhabiting our life-world and nonetheless “to let things be.” In order to do so, an interdisciplinary approach of research is adopted. First, the author offers some perspectives from the field of the ethics of listening, where the thoughts of Lisbeth Lipari, Luce Irigaray and others expose listening as an intersubjective gesture of encounter with the other in acceptance. Through his philosophy of listening, Jean-Luc Nancy, one of the crucial voices in this study, offers an explication of how listening can be the force of liberating sense and senses. Further on, an account on auditory phenomenology is offered, combining it with and stressing the importance of Husserl’s understanding of intersubjectivity. These perspectives are then enriched with echoes from acoustic ecology and its experiences of listening to the environment. The reverberations of multiple voices presented in this text allow for an understanding of listening as an intersubjective and mutually constitutive activity. As such, it involves a liberation of sense and allows for an openness to being and beings.

scholarly journals Dybdeøkologi og kosmisk livserotik - Introduktion til Ludwig Klages’ ”Menneske og jord”

2018 ◽  
pp. 17-26
Author(s):  
Lars Ylander
Keyword(s):  
Deep Ecology ◽  
The Other ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The World ◽  
Dynamical Flow ◽  
Core Value ◽  
Living Nature ◽  
First Time ◽  
Do So

Ludwig Klages’ famous essay from 1913 is here translated into Danish for the first time. According to Klages, the planet-wide destruction of nature is a disastrous outcome of a runaway mad civilisation focused on progress. Famously, he finds the root of the madness to be an intricate entanglement of science, technology, capitalism and Christianity. Ultimately, these are all aspects of what he calls Spirit (Geist) – an alienating and life-disruptive power that tears man away from its original being interwoven with living nature. Its benign adversary, Soul, is characterised by caring for life. This elementary or cosmic love is linked to Soul’s way of recognizing reality through a dynamical flow of sensual pictures. On the other hand, Spirit’s drive to destroy and kill is related to its way of fixating knowledge of the world by means of concepts. Klages diagnoses modern ‘civilisation’ as an era of downfall of the Soul. The devastating events the following summer of 1914 may be seen as a consequence of the bad cultural standing. An anthropological ecology, spirit-dominated and with civilised man’s interest as its core value, is not enough to save nature. Only a deep ecology, where Soul dominates Spirit, can do so, moving the value focus away from man to Earth.

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