Sizing Up the Beast
Horror fiction has been a legitimate object of academic study for several decades now. There are many competing theoretical approaches to horror and the Gothic, but the most prevalent approaches are seriously flawed. Constructivist approaches, which see horror as a product of historical circumstance, ignore the genre’s psychological and biological underpinnings and its deep history. Horror stretches back in time beyond the Gothic novel through folk tales to earlier oral narratives. Psychoanalytical approaches, which build on Freud’s theories of psychology, are scientifically obsolete and have a distorting effect on the subject matter, reducing horror to representations of psychosexual complexes. The chapter critically discusses existing approaches to horror, as well as horror as an affectively defined genre, and it argues for a consilient, biocultural approach which integrates other viable approaches within a framework based on biology and which builds on current social science.