Gods, Heroes, and Ancestors

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anh Q. Tran
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Religious Pluralism ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Interreligious Dialogue ◽  
Christian Missions ◽  
Traditional Beliefs ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Rich Picture ◽  
Minority Religion ◽  
Confucian Scholar

Though a minority religion in Vietnam, Christianity has constituted a significant presence in the country since its arrival in the sixteenth century. This translation and analytical study of a 1752 document entitled Tam Giáo Chư Vọng [Errors of the Three Religions] adds to the knowledge of its early history within its cultural and religious contexts. This anonymous manuscript paints a rich picture of the three traditional Vietnamese religions (Tam Giáo), i.e., Confucianism, Buddhism, and Daoism. Aiming at the new converts, the writer describes the “errors” (Chư Vọng) of these traditional beliefs and religious practices and provides an apologetics for the Christian doctrines. Structured as a dialogue between a Christian priest and a Confucian scholar, the work explains and evaluates many religious customs and rituals of eighteenth-century Vietnam—many of which are still in practice today. In addition, it contains a trove of information on the challenges and struggles that Vietnamese Christian converts had to face in following the new faith. Beside its enormous historical value for studies on Vietnamese religions, language, and culture, this manuscript raises contemporary and highly complex issues concerning the encounter between Christianity and other religions, Christian missions, religious pluralism, interreligious dialogue, and the dialogue between Christianity and cultures.

scholarly journals Evangelical Responses to the Question of Religious Pluralism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Cecily May Worsfold
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Religious Pluralism ◽  
Core Beliefs ◽  
Major Work ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
The Will ◽  
Evangelical Movement ◽  
Will Of God

<p>The relatively recent rise of religious pluralism has significantly affected the evangelical movement, the roots of which are traceable to the sixteenth century Reformation. In particular, the theological implications of religious pluralism have led to debate concerning the nature of core beliefs of evangelicalism and how these should be interpreted in the contemporary world. While evangelicals continue to articulate a genuine undergirding desire to “honour the authority of Scripture”, differing frameworks and ideals have led to a certain level of fracturing between schools of evangelical thought. This research focuses on the work of three evangelical theologians – Harold Netland, John Sanders and Clark Pinnock – and their responses to the question of religious pluralism. In assessing the ideas put forward in their major work relevant to religious pluralism this thesis reveals something of the contestation and diversity within the evangelical tradition. The authors' respective theological opinions demonstrate that there is basic agreement on some doctrines. Others are being revisited, however, in the search for answers to the tension between two notions that evangelicals commonly affirm: the eternal destiny of the unevangelised; and the will of God that all humankind should obtain salvation. Evangelicals are deeply divided on this matter, and the problem of containing seemingly incompatible views within the confines of “evangelical belief” remains. This ongoing division highlights the difficulty of defining evangelicalism in purely theological terms.</p>

The Faiths of Others

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Albert Howard
Keyword(s):  
Religious Pluralism ◽  
Turning Points ◽  
Interreligious Dialogue ◽  
Interfaith Dialogue ◽  
Modern History ◽  
Modern Age ◽  
Critical Attention ◽  
History Of ◽  
Insight Into

In recent decades, organizations committed to interreligious or interfaith dialogue have proliferated, both in the Western and non-Western worlds. Why, how so, and what exactly is interreligious dialogue? These are the touchstone questions of this book, the first major history of interreligious dialogue in the modern age. The book narrates and analyzes several key turning points in the history of interfaith dialogue before examining, in the conclusion, the contemporary landscape. While many have theorized about and/or practiced interreligious dialogue, few have attended carefully to its past, connecting its emergence and spread with broader developments in modern history. Interreligious dialogue — grasped in light of careful, critical attention to its past — holds promise for helping people of diverse faith backgrounds to foster cooperation and knowledge of one another while contributing insight into contemporary, global religious pluralism.

Reorientation of Confucian Social Thought in the Age of Wang Yangming

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-shih Yü
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Political Thinking ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
New Era ◽  
Wang Yangming ◽  
Merchant Class ◽  
History Of ◽  
Confucian Scholar

This essay examines how the most notable Neo-Confucian scholar Wang Yangming (1472-1529) re-oriented his Confucian project in the context of Ming despotism. It argues that Confucianism took a decidedly new turn in the sixteenth century and that Wang Yangming was at the center of this development from the sixteenth century to the early decades of the eighteenth. Details how Wang shifted the earlier central role of Confucian intellectuals in implementing reforms under the imperial support to enlightening the ordinary Chinese people, specifically including the merchant class, that they could realize the Dao or the Moral Way in their daily lives. This shift not only led to a new era of social and political thinking in the history of Confucianism, but also to the rise of the merchant class to unprecedented social and cultural prominence in the 16th century.

Una lauda e uno scongiuro da un registro dell’Archivio di Stato di Udine

2018 ◽  
Vol 134 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-196
Author(s):  
Gabriele Zanello
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Cultural Background ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Latin Text ◽  
Place Of Birth ◽  
Short List ◽  
Traditional Beliefs ◽  
Late Fifteenth ◽  
The City

AbstractGiovanni Antonio Battaglia was a notary and a secular priest of the diocese of Aquileia. He was active between the late fifteenth and the first four decades of the sixteenth century in Gemona, his place of birth, in the castle of Porcia and the city of Udine. A register he compiled (Udine, Archivio notarile antico, n. 2247), contains two documents which are worthy of attention. The first one is a funeral lauda in Italian vernacular which completes the rather short list of the religious laude repertoire of the Friulian region between the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. The second document is the text Dolce Regina, dona la tua pace. This work can be placed within the framework of the brotherhoods of the Battuti, which Battaglia served as a priest and as a teacher. A rather composite Latin text also appears on the same page of the notarial register. It includes an invocation to the Magi, a quote from the Scriptures and an adapted liturgical oration. The presence of this exorcism, unusual if compared to the local context of traditional beliefs and therapeutic practices, requires wide-ranging comparisons. The figure of Battaglia himself also deserves further analysis especially in order to understand his cultural background as well as clarifying his relationship with the humanists whom he was corresponding with.

scholarly journals THE LIMITS OF INTERACTION AND CELEBRATIONS WITH NON-MUSLIMS IN A PLURALISTIC SOCIETY-(AN ANALYTICAL STUDY)

2020 ◽  
pp. 288-295
Author(s):  
Muhammad Usman Khalid ◽  
Dr. Iftikhar Aalam ◽  
Dr. Abdul Razaq
Keyword(s):  
Religious Pluralism ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Code Of Conduct ◽  
Literal Meaning ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Pluralistic Society ◽  
The Road ◽  
Arabic Word ◽  
Plural Society ◽  
The Way

In this article, it has been endeavoured to analyze the concepts of The limits of interaction and celebrations with non-Muslims in a pluralistic society. Actually, the pluralistic Religious pluralism is a combination of two words. "Religion and pluralism" follows them separately. Religion (noun) is the meaning of the way, attitude, origin and belief. The literal meaning of religion is the method or the way. The literal meaning of religion is "the road", which goes on. It is derived from the Arabic word "z-ah-b",Which means to go (walk) or pass away. After all, religion is the code of conduct by which human beings can succeed in the world and the hereafter. This way is called religion. Moreover, Greetings to non-Muslims in a pluralistic society, Exchange of gifts in a pluralistic society, Marrying a non-Muslim in a pluralistic society, Participation in non-Muslim celebrations of plural society, The slaughter of non-Muslims in a pluralistic society and its limits for Muslims, Condolences to non-Muslims in a pluralistic society and participation in funerals, Attending non-Muslim funerals in a pluralistic society, Participation in national celebrations and festivals in a pluralistic society, The problem of treatment and medicine from non-Muslims in a pluralistic society are the main issues discussed here in detail. KEY WORDS: Pluralistic, Society, Muslims, celebrations, History, philosphy, peace

Italy, the Ancient World and the French Musical Inheritance in the Sixteenth Century: Arcadelt and Clereau in the Service of the Guises

1996 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-190
Author(s):  
Jeanice Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Ancient World ◽  
Italian Language ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
The Alps ◽  
Firsthand Experience

Throughout the sixteenth century France looked towards Italy with an intensity rarely matched before or since. Generations of French kings pursued dreams of conquest on the peninsula; during their Italian campaigns French noblemen and their retinues spent extensive periods south of the Alps, gaining firsthand experience of Italian language and culture. Dynastic marriages linked leading French families with different Italian states: the Retz with the Florentine Gondi, the Nevers with the Mantuan Gonzaga and the Guise with the Este of Ferrara, among many others.

Charismatic Revelations

2021 ◽  
pp. 185-202
Author(s):  
Douglas H. Shantz
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Religious Pluralism ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Charles Taylor ◽  
Personal Commitment ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
Direct Encounter ◽  
The Impact

The notion of ‘charismatic revelations’ is a modern one, reflecting the individualism and theological conflicts arising from the Reformation of the sixteenth century. Charismatic revelations can be found in seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Protestant movements such as German Pietism and English Evangelicalism and are notable in twentieth-century Pentecostalism and charismatic renewal. Charles Taylor has described the burden of individualism that came with the break-up of Christendom under the impact of the Reformation and the rise of modern science. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries there arose ‘a new Christianity of personal commitment’ (Taylor 2007, 143–144). In German Pietism and English Methodism the stress was upon feeling, emotion, and a living faith, reflecting the logic of Enlightenment ‘subjectification’. The predicament of these believers and their religious individualism was marked by spiritual instability, melancholy, and doubt. This predicament provides the context for understanding the rise of charismatic revelations. Under the burden of growing secularism, religious pluralism, and existential angst and isolation, a host of modern believers found meaning and hope through experiences of direct encounter with God that included his personal speaking addressed to their inmost being.

Global Philosophy of Religion and its Challenges

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujin Nagasawa
Keyword(s):  
Religious Pluralism ◽  
Philosophy Of Religion ◽  
Interreligious Dialogue ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Religious Perspectives ◽  
Global Theology ◽  
Meta Theory

This chapter argues that if the philosophy of religion is to take religion seriously, it must expand its focus and incorporate a wide range of religious perspectives. The chapter develops a ‘global philosophy of religion’ by critically assessing two earlier attempts to transform the philosophy of religion: Ninian Smart’s ‘philosophy of worldviews’ and John Hick’s ‘global theology’. The global philosophy of religion is more constructive than these two approaches because it emphasizes common issues that philosophers in distinct traditions can tackle together. Moreover, the global philosophy of religion moves beyond interreligious dialogue without demanding commitment to any controversial meta-theory, such as religious pluralism or religious inclusivism.

The Ìkál (Yorùbá, Nigeria) Migration Theories and Insignia

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 461-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eben Sheba
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
The North ◽  
The People ◽  
Ondo State ◽  
Edo State ◽  
Migration Theories ◽  
Ways Of Life

Ìkàl is one of the several dialects spoken by the Yorùbá of Nigeria (Adeoye 1979:5). The name also refers to the people who speak the dialect. This subgroup is made up of fourteen communities in the southwestern part of Ondo State of Nigeria. They share boundaries with the Ìlàjẹ, Ìj Àpì, and Ìj Àrògbò to the south; Òdígbó Local Government to the north; Edo State to the east; and Ògùn State to the west. Ìkàl communities include Ìkyà, Òde-Ìrèlè, mn, Igbódìgò, Àyèká, Ìdèpé (Òkìtìpupa), Òde-Aye, Erínjẹ, Òṣóòró and Ìgbìnsìn-Ọlt. Others are Àkótógbò, Àjàgbà, Ìyànsàn and Ijù-ṣun. These last four communities were formerly grouped under the Benin Confederation. Traces of Edo language and culture show very clearly in their ways of life. Òṣóòró is a conglomeration of Igbótako, Ìlútitun, Iju-Odò, Iju-Òkè, Erékìtì, and Òṣmtṣ towns. The Ìkál also have kindred communities in parts of Ògùn State, viz., Ayédé, Àyílà, Aràfn and Moblrundúró.While some Ìkál communities claim direct descent from Ilé-If, others claim Benin, or Ugbò descent, and a few others elsewhere. Oral tradition confirms that there were migrations from If Oòyè before the Benin contact of the sixteenth century, which tend to link Ìkál dynasty to Ọba Esigie (Bajowa 1992:3). In an interview with Chief M.A. Fabunmi, he narrated the If version of the Ìkál migration from Ile-If.

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