The Nature of Faith

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolette D. Manglos-Weber
Keyword(s):  
Religious Community ◽  
National Identities ◽  
Trust Networks ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
The Future ◽  
Personal Trust ◽  
Central Argument

This final empirical chapter shows how becoming embedded in religious-based relationships of personal trust can effect changes in migrants’ personal trajectories. In other words, new religious memberships and their associated trust networks can lead transnational Ghanaians to revise their aspirations and negotiate their identities in ways they otherwise wouldn’t. One example is how dedicated members and leaders in the congregation often retrospectively attach new meanings to their migrations, coming to believe that they came abroad to serve the religious community, even if they were not aware of it at the time of their initial moves. Another example is how members base their identities in religion in order to transcend the significance of ethnic, racial, and national identities. These effects reinforce the central argument that religious memberships indeed serve as a basis of trust networks, which are the relations in which people answer questions about meaning, identity, and desires for the future.

scholarly journals The Local and the Global in English Soccer and the Rise of Satellite Television

1994 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 376-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Williams
Keyword(s):  
National Identities ◽  
Satellite Television ◽  
Satellite Broadcasting ◽  
Premier League ◽  
The Future ◽  
Recent Trends

This article is concerned with unpacking some of the important dimensions of the developing relationship in Britain between satellite television and sport. The article discusses (a) the rise of Rupert Murdoch’s BSkyB network and the central role of Sky’s exclusive deal with the new Football Association Premier League for soccer in cementing the future for satellite broadcasting in Europe, and (h) the role of sport and television in constructing national identities and in promoting some of the conditions for the enactment of effective forms of citizenship. The discussion concludes with some comments on recent trends in the commercialization of sport and on the possibilities for the mediation of new forms of spectator attachments to sport.

scholarly journals Political Corruption and the Future of Nigerian Politics

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Adegboyega O. Oyekunle
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Political Corruption ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Political Status ◽  
The Future ◽  
Critical Method ◽  
Central Argument

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of political corruption on the Nigerian society. It examines the future of the political status of Nigeria given the present experiences in the polity. The paper employs the analytic and critical method of philosophy, with a view to showing the influence of Machiavelli’s political philosophy on the Nigerian political elites. The central argument of this paper is that the interpretation of politics in the Machiavellian way, its adoption and practice by Nigerian political elites stand as the root cause of political corruption in the country.

Church and State in the Bahá’í Faith: An Epistemic Approach

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-63
Author(s):  
Roshan Danesh
Keyword(s):  
Church And State ◽  
Community Leadership ◽  
Religious Community ◽  
Clear Pattern ◽  
Baha'i Faith ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Epistemic Approach ◽  
Holy Book ◽  
International House

When Mírzá Husayn ‘Ali (1817-92)—the founder of the Bahá’í Faith who was known as Bahá’u’lláh (the “Glory of God”)—died, there was a clear and unambiguous answer about who had the authority to lead his small, but growing, religious community. In his will, Bahá’u’lláh identified his eldest son, ‘Abbás Effendi, known as ‘Abdu'l-Bahá (“Servant of Bahá”) (1844-1921) as his successor and head of the community, as well as the authoritative interpreter of Bahá’u’lláh's writings. When ‘Abdu’l-Bahá assumed the reins of community leadership upon Bahá’u’lláh's death, his claim to authority went largely unchallenged, and he remained in that role until his own death.While this seeming affirmation of a principle of primogeniture would appear to establish a clear pattern for the future organization and structure of the Bahá’í community, it was only one part of the leadership of the community envisioned by Bahá’u’lláh. Equally unambiguous was Bahá’u’lláh's vision of “houses of justice” existing throughout the world, elected bodies that would serve governance functions. In the Kitáb-i-Aqdas (the “Most Holy Book”), written by Bahá’u’lláh in 1873, he states that “[t]he Lord hath ordained that in every city a House of Justice shall be established,” whose members are to “take counsel together and to have regard for the interests of the servants of God.…” In that same book, Bahá’u’lláh contemplated an international house of justice, in addition to the local houses of justice.

scholarly journals MULTILINGUISME ET DYNAMIQUE DU FRANÇAIS AU CAMEROUN : VARIATIONS, CRÉATIVITÉS LEXICO-SÉMANTIQUE ET MORPHO-SYNTAXIQUE

FRANCISOLA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisèle PIEBOP
Keyword(s):  
Language Policy ◽  
Present Article ◽  
French Language ◽  
Mots Clés ◽  
Politique Linguistique ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
The Future ◽  
Official Languages ◽  
National Languages ◽  
Linguistic Units

<p><strong>RÉSUMÉ.</strong><strong> </strong>Motivé par la forte différenciation ethnico-linguistique d’un pays caractérisé par un profil sociolinguistique pléthorique et complexe du fait de ses 283 unités linguistiques, l’Etat camerounais opte au lendemain des indépendances pour une politique linguistique érigeant l’anglais et le français comme langues officielles. A ce titre, ces deux langues des anciennes puissances coloniales bénéficient de privilèges de premiers rangs, au détriment des langues nationales qui se contentent de statuts et fonctions secondaires. Le français en ce qui le concerne se retrouve ainsi sur un territoire où les diversités ethnique, géographique et culturelle détermineront ses modalités d’appropriation et d’expansion, et surtout les variations sociolinguistiques auxquelles il est soumis. Se pose alors la question du développement et du devenir de cette langue importée et le présent article vient apporter des éléments de réponse à ce sujet. Ainsi, le travail analysera à partir de l’approche variationniste, les usages du français camerounais qui évolue et s’enrichit chaque jour un peu plus de tournures morpho-syntaxiques, d’emprunts, de nouvelles graphies, de calques, de nouveaux sens, etc.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Mots-clés:</strong> <em>appropriation, diversité, français camerounais, statuts, variations.</em></p><p><em><br /></em></p><p><strong>ABSTRACT.</strong><strong> </strong>Motivated by the strong ethno-linguistic differentiation of a country with a bloated and complex sociolinguistic profile due to its 283 linguistic units, the Cameroon government after independence opted for a language policy erecting English and French as official languages. As such, the two languages of former colonial powers receive forefront of privileges at the expense of national languages which merely secondary status and functions. As well as it is concerned, the French language finds it self in a territory where ethnic, geographic and cultural diversities determine its terms of appropriation and expansion, especially sociolinguistic variations to which it is subjected. This raises the question of the development and the future of this imported language, and this article just provides answers to this. The variationist approach is the framework through which the Cameroonian French, that evolves and grows each day a little more through morphosyntactic turns, loans, new spellings, layers, new meanings, etc. is analyzed.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong><em>appropriation, Cameroon French, diversity, statutes changes.</em><em></em></p><p><em><br /></em></p>

scholarly journals Play and Learning: How the Two Leading Activities Meet

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.A. Zuckerman
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
System Thinking ◽  
Learning Activity ◽  
School Age ◽  
Conceptual Content ◽  
Reading And Writing ◽  
Conceptual Thinking ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
The Future ◽  
Points Of View

The transition from preschool to school age is a period when conceptual play may become the source of initiative and independence for a child — the very elements that learning activity lacks in its origins. The narrative plot of conceptual play helps children yet not capable of system thinking; it maintains the integrity and coherence of separate tasks given by a teacher, makes them more emotionally significant and provides new meanings for the child’s actions. However, if the teacher employs play and narrative only as the powerful motivators for learning, without the conceptual content, then cognitive and learning interests would generally develop in those children who came to school with a desire for knowledge and intellectual efforts. In conceptual play the child, acting on behalf of characters representing concepts, carries out the operations necessary for the formation of these concepts. The means of actions for the characters are instructional (schemes). Basing on the reading and writing lessons in primary school, the paper shows how conceptual play helps the child to keep in mind the simultaneously and equally existing (equally right) points of view on the studied subject. This lays the foundations for the future conceptual thinking, positional in its nature as it implies the ability to hold and coordinate various aspects of conceptual contradiction. Narrative plots of conceptual play enable the child to introduce his/her own connotations into the plot of a learning play and to become a co-author of the lesson, contributing to its direction.

Conclusion

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolette D. Manglos-Weber
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Immigrant Integration ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Opposite Conclusion ◽  
Trust Networks ◽  
Personal Trust ◽  
Religious Membership ◽  
Made In

This chapter summarizes the argument made in the preceding chapters and discusses what it means for religious membership to serve as a basis of social trust, and specifically personal trust enacted within social relationships. It then takes on the question of whether religious membership is ultimately helpful for immigrant integration, a major long-running debate among sociologists. It argues that while there is some evidence that religious membership in an ethnic church can detract from integration, ultimately there is much more evidence to support the opposite conclusion. Furthermore, many of the processes that seem to fuel segregation are in fact the result of inequality and the racial order, which challenge the ability of religious membership to realize its integrative potential. As a result, for transnational Ghanaians, religious memberships and their associated trust networks are generally helpful for the integration process; but not even as much as they could be, or as much as these particular immigrants would like.

scholarly journals Technology Reemergence: Creating New Value for Old Technologies in Swiss Mechanical Watchmaking, 1970–2008

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 576-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Raffaelli
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Process ◽  
Current Theory ◽  
Market Growth ◽  
Demand Growth ◽  
Monetary Value ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
The Future ◽  
Dominant Design ◽  
Watch Industry

This article uses a study of the Swiss mechanical watch industry to build theory about how a legacy technology, instead of being supplanted by a new dominant design as current theory would predict, is able to reemerge and achieve new market growth. The introduction of the battery-powered quartz watch in the 1970s made mechanical watches largely obsolete, but by 2008 the Swiss mechanical watchmaking industry had rematerialized to become the world’s leading exporter (in monetary value) of watches. This study uncovers the process and mechanisms associated with technology reemergence: the resurgence of substantive and sustained demand for a legacy technology following the introduction of a new dominant design. It reveals that technology reemergence involves a cognitive process of redefining both the meanings and values associated with the legacy technology and the boundaries of the market for that technology. Watchmakers redefined and combined values of craftsmanship, luxury, and precision to create new meanings and values for mechanical watch technology; repositioned the mechanical watch as an identity and status marker; temporally distanced themselves from the period of the discontinuous quartz technology by recalling their founding and more successful past and connecting it to the future; and used conceptual bridges such as analogies and metaphors to help employees and consumers understand the new meanings. They redefined market boundaries by reclaiming the competitive set, rebuilding the community of mechanical watchmakers, and mobilizing groups of enthusiast consumers who valued the mechanical watch. For mechanical watchmakers, reemergence culminated in competitive and consumer differentiation that ushered in reinvestment in innovation and substantive and sustained demand growth for the legacy technology.

Building Trust

2020 ◽  
pp. 193-210
Keyword(s):  
Late Qing Dynasty ◽  
The Public ◽  
Late Qing ◽  
Trust Networks ◽  
Private Charity ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Personal Trust ◽  
Chinese Overseas ◽  
Charitable Activities ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter traces the parallel development of charitable practices and forms of civic association in the Cantonese Pacific over the century to 1949 with a view to exploring ways in which Chinese overseas employed charity to build trust within their own communities and with their host societies in Australia and North America. Business activities and social transactions among Chinese diaspora communities are said to be embedded in personal trust, and to extend to larger trust networks. The chapter argues that the evolution of charitable practices and associational forms among Cantonese diaspora communities of the Pacific largely conform to this pattern. By drawing attention to some of the connections linking civic associations and their charitable activities to a range of trust-building strategies over time, the chapter highlights points of continuity in the work of Chinese community organizations overseas during a period of rapid institutional change from the late Qing Dynasty to the founding of the People’s Republic – specifically the relationship between engaging in private charity and working for the public benefit to build community trust.

scholarly journals Slovene-Friulian-Italian Literary Connections at the Beginning of the 20th Century: The Case of Alojz Gradnik and Select Friulian and Italian authors

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 386
Author(s):  
Ana Toroš
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
National Identities ◽  
Rural Setting ◽  
Native Land ◽  
Family Ties ◽  
Lyrical Poetry ◽  
The Future ◽  
Economic Future ◽  
Friuli Venezia Giulia

Based on the case of Alojz Gradnik (1882–1967), this article deals with previously unresearched Slovene-Friulian-Italian literary connections that occurred during the last years of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and the first years after WWI along the border of today’s Slovenia (Goriška Brda) and Italy (the region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia: the Provinces of Gorizia, Udine and Trieste). The article highlights the parallels in motifs, themes, ideas and form, as well as the connections between Alojz Gradnik and select Friulian and Italian authors from this region. These links are the consequence of living in a joint cultural space and Gradnik’s Friulian family ties, especially with his cousin Maria Samer. The research uncovers certain differences in motifs, themes and ideas stemming from different national identities. Gradnik’s poetry is closest to Friulian lyrical poetry in their descriptions and experiences of a rural setting, predominantly the deep bond felt between the farming people and native land coupled with their terrible social strife. Gradnik and his contemporary Friulian authors also coincide in works with a nationalist theme – on the threshold of WWI both Slovene and Friulian authors infused their work with their personal vision for the future of their own community. They shared a negative literary depiction of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and the wish to secure a better economic future, to protect and solidify their cultural heritage. Gradnik’s poetry and that of the contemporary Italian (irredentist) authors share a similar literary technique that depicted the national identities of today’s border between Italy and Slovenia; they were ideologically opposed however: while the Italians depicted the Italian view of the region, Gradnik highlights the presence of a Slavic element within the region.

scholarly journals Social Trust Formation and Credit Accessibility—Evidence from Rural Households in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Zhang ◽  
Huiting Liu ◽  
Pinghan Liang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Sharing ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Gift Giving ◽  
Trust Networks ◽  
Trust Formation ◽  
Personal Trust ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Personal Level ◽  
Community Trust

Trust as a form of social capital plays an important role in improving the cooperation between agents, especially in credit lending activities. Trust building has attracted significant research interest, and gift giving has been shown to be one of its main drivers. Nonetheless, the mechanism of gift giving in the formation of trust networks and the channels through which gift giving and trust affect cooperation require further investigation. In this paper, we first separate social trust into community trust and personal trust, and we examine how gift giving affects the formation of each level of trust. We then explore how trust and gift giving affect rural households’ access to formal and informal sources of credit. Our results show that gift giving mainly helps in forming trust at the personal level rather than the community level. In turn, personal and community trust can facilitate access to informal and formal sources of credit, respectively. In addition, personal trust facilitates access to informal loans for consumption and medical expenses but not production. Overall, our findings show that gift giving is mainly used to build personal trust which facilitates access to informal lending for risk-sharing purposes.

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