Patrolling the Frontier

Never Trump ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 135-163
Author(s):  
Robert P. Saldin ◽  
Steven M. Teles
Keyword(s):  
Republican Party ◽  
Conservative Party ◽  
Public Intellectuals ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Conservative Movement ◽  
National Review ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Role ◽  
Social Conservatism

This chapter assesses how public intellectuals responded with such virulence to Donald Trump. Despite overwhelming opposition to Trump among the conservative intellectual elite, Republican voters had their own ideas of what the party should be about. That is not the outcome one might have expected at the start of the 2016 electoral cycle, given the outsized role that public intellectuals have played in the GOP over the last half-century. Whatever outsiders may believe, the modern Republican Party has often told its own story as the merger of a conservative intellectual project with a range of grassroots social movements. The idea of “fusionism”—the linkage of social conservatism with economic libertarianism—was thought by the party's intellectuals to be the glue that held together the GOP's various constituencies and activists. It is that perception of the Republican Party as a conservative party—one defined by its connection to a set of ideas and the intellectuals who generated them—that made the rise of Donald Trump so traumatic for conservative public intellectuals. Among the things that were especially striking about Trump was his dismissal and general ignorance of the history of conservative thought. The chapter then looks at the role played by public intellectuals in the conservative movement, including the historical role of its flagship magazine, National Review, as a policeman of ideological purity.

scholarly journals The Historical Role of Leviticus 25 in Naturalizing Anti-Black Racism

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 570
Author(s):  
James W. Watts
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
High Probability ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
American Colonies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Role ◽  
Permanent Property

Leviticus 25:39–46 describes a two-tier model of slavery that distinguishes Israelites from foreign slaves. It requires that Israelites be indentured only temporarily while foreigners can be enslaved as chattel (permanent property). This model resembles the distinction between White indentured slaves and Black chattel slaves in the American colonies. However, the biblical influence on these early modern practices has been obscured by the rarity of citations of Lev. 25:39–46 in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century sources about slavery. This article reviews the history of slavery from ancient Middle Eastern antiquity through the seventeenth century to show the unique degree to which early modern institutions resembled the biblical model. It then exposes widespread knowledge of Leviticus 25 in early modern political and economic debates. Demonstrating this awareness shows with high probability that colonial cultures presupposed the two-tier model of slavery in Leviticus 25:39–46 to naturalize and justify their different treatment of White indentured slaves and Black chattel slaves.

scholarly journals Caliphatism in the period of decline and collapse of the Ottoman Empire

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-337
Author(s):  
Svetlana A Kirillina ◽  
Alexandra L Safronova ◽  
Vladimir V Orlov
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Role ◽  
Muhammad Rashid Rida ◽  
Political Actions

The article analyses the historical role of the movement for defenсe of the Caliphate, which emerged in various regions of the Muslim world as a response to weakening and fall of the Ottoman Empire. The authors also focus on the social and political discussions of the 1920s - 1930s about the destiny of Muslim unity and the role of the future Caliphate. The article also deals with the transformation of conceptions of the Caliphate in the works of eminent ideologists and politicians of the Muslim world - Jamal al-Din al-Afghani, Abd al-Rahman al-Kawakibi, Muhammad Rashid Rida and Abul Kalam Azad. The authors give an overview of the history of Caliphatist congresses and conferences of 1920s - 1930s. The aims and tasks of the Caliphatist movement among the Muslims of South Asia are also under study. The article examines the reaction of the South Asian princely elites to the weakening of the Ottoman state and explores the interrelation between pro-Ottoman sentiments of Caliphatists and the radicalization of anti-colonial struggle of Indian Muslims. A special attention is given to the role of leaders of Indian Caliphatists in preparation of the antiBritish uprisings in North-Western Hindustan. The authors also examine common and specifi c features of views and political actions of advocates and supporters of the Caliphate in the Middle East and in the Islamic communities of South Asia. The analysis of the source data reveales several patterns of reaction of Muslims in the Middle East, North Africa and South Asia to the repudiation of the Caliphate by the Republican Turkey.

Beyond Reputation: Debate on the Role of Corporate Influence in Occupational and Environmental Medicine

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanna Rankin Bohme ◽  
David Egilman
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Medicine ◽  
Occupational Medicine ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Corporate Influence ◽  
Family Medical Leave Act ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Role ◽  
Family Medical Leave ◽  
Occupational And Environmental Medicine

In his article in this issue, Tee Guidotti casts recent works addressing corporate influence on occupational medicine as “collective act[s] of disparagement … undertaken … for political reasons.” We move beyond the question of reputation to address key conflicts in the history of occupational medicine, including the American Occupational Medical Association's historical role in weakening the beryllium standard and the American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine's recent efforts to limit the extent of the Family Medical Leave Act. The corporate practice of externalizing health and safety costs makes industry influence an important ongoing topic of debate in occupational and environmental medicine.

Pediatricians as Child Health Advocates: The Role of Advocacy Education

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Nancy A. Dodson ◽  
Hina J. Talib ◽  
Qi Gao ◽  
Jaeun Choi ◽  
Susan M. Coupey
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Fellowship Training ◽  
Health Advocacy ◽  
Pediatric Residency ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Role ◽  
High Effort

In this article, we discuss the role of formal advocacy education with high-effort advocacy activities among pediatricians. We discuss the historical role of advocacy in the field of pediatrics and the changing role of advocacy education in pediatric training programs. We describe our survey of pediatricians in New York, in which we asked about a history of formal child health advocacy education, current high- and low-effort advocacy activities, perceived barriers to advocacy work, and child health advocacy issues of interest. Our findings demonstrate an association between a history of formal child health advocacy education and recent participation in high-effort advocacy activities on behalf of children’s health. We also found that practicing pediatricians were more likely to participate in high-effort advocacy work than individuals still in pediatric residency training. Our findings imply that education in child health advocacy should be considered an important part of pediatric training. Advocacy education should not only be included in residency and fellowship training programs but also made available as part of continuing medical education for pediatricians. Time for professional advocacy work should be allotted and encouraged.

scholarly journals Stosunki rosyjsko-irańskie w latach 2011–2019. Pragmatyczny sojusz czy trwałe partnerstwo?

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-59
Author(s):  
Andrzej Purat ◽  
Paweł Bielicki
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Religious Leader ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Economic Issues ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
The Us ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Arab Spring ◽  
The Impact

The main goal of our considerations is to analyse the most important conditions and dependencies that characterise Russian-Iranian relations from the beginning of the Arab Spring to the present day. We pay special attention to the infl uence of the United States on the development of diplomatic contacts between Moscow and Tehran and the conflict in Syria.Firstly, we describe the history of relations between the two countries after 1979 and the takeover of power by the religious leader, Ayatollah Khomeini, who, despite adopting an anti-Western course in international politics, did not show a desire to get closer to the Soviet neighbour. Secondly, we describe the relations of both countries from the collapse of the USSR to 2011, focusing on Iran’s role in influencing political processes in the post-Soviet area. Thirdly, we present the position of Russia and the Middle East about the war in Syria and the role of the Kurds. We also examine the impact of US policy on establishing links between Russia and Iran. Moreover, we raise economic issues and Moscow’s growing desire to dominate the Iranian economy and army.In the summary, we try to answer the question of what Russian-Iranian relations will look like in the future, especially in the era of the gradually ending war in Syria. Importantly, we refer to the issue of the US anti-Iranian rhetoric reinforced by Donald Trump and how it can influence the further strengthening of the Russia-Iran alliance.

scholarly journals Research Libraries and New Technologies, Promoting Access to Information, Learning, and Innovation for Today and the Future

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krista L. Cox
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
Fair Use ◽  
Research Libraries ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Role ◽  
To Come ◽  
Access To Knowledge ◽  
Teaching Learning

The role of libraries today is rooted in their historical mission. At their heart, libraries provide access to knowledge and information. They do so by preserving the cultural and historical record, not only for today, but for generations to come. They support teaching, learning and research by providing access to works, curating collections and ensuring that connections between different materials can be made. Libraries also have a long history of providing physicalspaces for studying, meeting or for exhibitions. They have also provided accessible formats to individuals with print and other disabilities, helping to ensure that everyone can access information. While these activities represent the historical role for libraries, these same endeavors hold true today. Beyond this historic role, libraries today have also evolved to accommodate the new ways of learning that technology has permitted. Ultimately, libraries have adapted to the changing landscape to ensure that they fulfill their missions of preservation and provision of access to knowledge and culture. Through fair use, for example, libraries have been able to adapt to new and emerging technologies.

Bingo Capitalism

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Bedford
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Aid ◽  
Diverse Economies ◽  
Law And Policy ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Gambling Law ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Role ◽  
Political Economic

Bingo Capitalism uses bingo—a female-dominated and notoriously self-effacing game—to think differently about regulation and political economy. A key objective is to make bingo, as lens, more central to our debates about the regulation of economy and society. Part I sets the scene, responding to the query: why bingo? Part II explores the legal and political history of bingo. Part III analyses the regulation of people, while Part IV examines the regulation of products, places, and technologies. In so doing, the book uses bingo to better understand the role of the state in shaping the classed and gendered interrelation between diverse economies, especially in relation to non-commercial and commercial gambling. Bingo Capitalism offers the first sociolegal account of bingo as a globally significant and immensely popular pastime, centring implementation experiences alongside the broader political, economic, and social context to legislative reform. While considering the perspectives of lawmakers, who have debated what the game reflects about the nation and its economy, the book also centres the experiences of those who work in, and play, bingo, to trace how gambling law and regulation impact people in everyday life. The book identifies the central historical role of non-commercial, mutual aid play to UK gambling law and policy, and traces the ongoing relevance of this realm for current debates about the interrelation between capitalist and more-than-capitalist everyday economies. Bingo Capitalism also uses bingo as a case study of research into the gendered nature of regulation, showing how gender shapes, and is shaped by, diverse state rules on gambling.

The idea of independence and freedom in the activities of Hasan Oraltay

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-108
Author(s):  
Bakytzhan B. Aktailak ◽  
Tlegen S. Sadykov ◽  
Ganizhamal I. Kushenova ◽  
Kairat K. Battalov ◽  
Ainur P. Aliakbarova
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
National Liberation ◽  
Communist System ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
National Liberation Movement ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Role ◽  
Liberation Struggle

Hasan Oraltay is a Kazakh figure abroad, researcher of the national liberation movement, historian, publicist, author of works in Turkish, Kazakh, English, German and other languages, honorary professor of the International Kazakh-Turkish University. He devoted all his life to serving for the benefit of the Kazakh people. In the 20th century, the Kazakhs of East Turkestan waged a liberation struggle for their freedom and independence. Hasan Oraltay wrote a chronicle of the life of the Kazakhs, persecuted by the totalitarian communist system in their homeland and gained freedom in the West. His writings highlight the history of the Alash national intelligentsia and all the pressing problems of Kazakhstan. The scientific novelty of the research is determined by the fact that the article deals with the writer's and, as is known, the historical role of Hasan Oraltay, from the perspective that the Kazakhs of East Turkestan, picking a pen, declared the first swallow of the national liberation struggle to the world. Half a century ago, his first book was published in the Turkish city of Izmir “On the way to freedom. Kazakh Turks of East Turkestan”. Until the last period of his life, all works written and organised by him were devoted to urgent problems concerning the Kazakh people, for the Kazakh past and future. Radio Azattyk (RL/RFE) was the first to speak about the uprising of Kazakh youth against the Soviet system in December of 1986. Later, Hassan Oraltay published in the Western press various articles about the December events, collections and books, in which he assessed the protest mood in Soviet Kazakhstan. The practical significance of the study is determined by the fact that for 27 years of service in Azattyk, Hasan Oraltay constantly raised the urgent problems of Kazakhs in the Soviet Union. The study collected all information on the ideas of independence

Introduction

Never Trump ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Robert P. Saldin ◽  
Steven M. Teles
Keyword(s):  
Republican Party ◽  
Hillary Clinton ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Conservative Movement ◽  
Political World ◽  
Trump Administration

This introductory chapter provides an overview of the emergence of the “#nevertrump” hashtag on Twitter. Like any meme, #nevertrump had a variety of meanings to those who deployed it. However, for the elite Republicans and conservatives who embraced it, #nevertrump signaled horror and incomprehension at the rise of Donald Trump and how it had turned their political world upside down. #Nevertrump was also a way of signaling that Trump represented something more sinister than normal quadrennial Republican and conservative movement primary politics. Once they recognized the threat, the strongest adherents to Never Trump relentlessly and desperately searched for ways to frustrate Trump's takeover of the Republican Party. Shocking even themselves, a number of these lifelong Republicans, who had spent their careers battling Democrats, ended up voting for someone other than their party's nominee, up to and including their former nemesis, Hillary Clinton. Even after his election, a remnant of these Never Trumpers have kept up rear guard efforts to expose the deceitfulness of the Trump administration and to call their former allies away from the siren song of Trumpian populism.

The Great Escape: A Review of Robert Fogel's The Escape from Hunger and Premature Death, 1700–2100

2006 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angus Deaton
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Medical Technology ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Great Emphasis ◽  
Current Health ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Role ◽  
Rich Countries

In this essay, I review Robert Fogel's The Escape from Hunger and Premature Death, 1700–2100, which is concerned with the past, present, and future of human health. Fogel's work places great emphasis on nutrition, not only for the history of health, but for explaining aspects of current health, not only in comparing poor and rich countries, but in thinking about rich countries now and in the future. I discuss Fogel's analysis alongside alternative interpretations that place greater emphasis on the historical role of public health, and on the current and future role of improvements in medical technology.

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