Resources for Persons with AIDS and their Caregivers

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon M. Batista ◽  
Kelly L. Cozza
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
The United States ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Basic Reference ◽  
Ethical And Legal Issues

This chapter was developed as a basic reference list of resources for HIV clinicians to help them meet the various needs of persons with AIDS throughout the lifespan. The resources listed are by no means exhaustive or comprehensive, as there is a plethora of relevant literature, Web sites, and interest groups—too many to fit into a single chapter! Instead, this is a set of resources that the authors have found particularly useful when seeking answers to treatment-and social services–related questions at the bedside as well as in ambulatory and community settings. At the time of publication, these resources had been updated regularly and consistently; technology related to HIV evolves on an almost daily basis. A mixture of print and Internet-based resources is provided here—some will be useful to keep in the office setting for perusal or for patients, and some can be obtained on the Internet at a moment’s notice when the need arises. Many of the listings are for Web sites that can aid clinicians in accessing the most current information available on the Internet, which can change almost daily. The sites listed were current as of April 28, 2009. The resources in this section are intended primarily to aid health-care providers in accessing up-to-date answers to questions regarding diagnoses and treatments as well as ethical and legal issues. There are also several sources for patient education materials. While many of these resources are from U.S.-based organizations, much of the information contained within them is applicable in international practice settings. There is also a section related exclusively to population-based and international resources, pertaining to specific ethnic groups or areas outside of the United States. A primary care guideline for the care of persons with HIV is available in print (Aberg et al., 2009) and online and is updated regularly at: http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/page/cid/IDSAguidelines.html. National AIDS Treatment Advocacy Project: http://www.natap.org/ This organization lists upcoming conference and events, articles, and publications.

Chinese Culture and Internet E-Commerce

2011 ◽  
pp. 267-288
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
Chinese Culture ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Chinese Language ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
The World ◽  
Practical Guidelines

The potential for the Internet and e-commerce in China and Chinese-speaking nations (including Hong Kong, Taiwan and Singapore) is huge. Many experts believe that China will have the second largest population of web surfers, after the United States, by the year 2005 (McCarthy, 2000). Currently, the Internet population in China is doubling every six months (CNNIC, 2001). There are many issues relating to China’s cultural aspects and society, which can impact the design and content of web sites that are directed towards Chinese audiences. Some of these issues include basic differences between Chinese and American/Western cultures, family and collective orientations, religion and faith, color, symbolism, ordering and risk/uncertainty. Attention is given to the differences between the cultures of China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Singapore, as well as addressing issues brought up by related theories and frameworks. A discussion of important considerations that relate to using Chinese language on the World Wide Web (WWW) is also included. Finally, insights are gained by examining web sites produced in China and Chinese-speaking countries. This chapter will focus on many of these issues and provide practical guidelines and advice for those who want to reach out to Chinese audiences, whether for e-commerce, education, or other needs.

Electronic Government and Integrated Library Systems

2011 ◽  
pp. 1229-1334
Author(s):  
Yukiko Inoue
Keyword(s):  
Web Sites ◽  
Technology Policy ◽  
Geographic Distance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Internet Technology ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The World ◽  
Democratic Engagement ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
The Republic

Twenty First Century Government is enabled by technology— policy is inspired by it, business change is delivered by it, customer and corporate services are dependent on it, and democratic engagement is exploring it. Technology alone does not transform government, but government cannot transform to meet modern citizens’ expectations without it (Cabinet Office, 2005, p. 3). According to the E-Government Readiness Ranking Report (United Nations, 2005), in 2005 the United States was the world leader followed by Denmark, Sweden, and the United Kingdom; and in 2004 the Republic of Korea, Singapore, Estonia, Malta, and Chile were also among the top 25 “e-ready” countries. The Ranking Report further emphasizes that 55 countries, out of 179, which maintained a government Web site, encouraged citizens to participate in discussing key issues of importance, and that most developing country governments around the world are promoting citizen awareness about policies, programs, approaches, and strategies on their Web sites—thus making an effort to engage multi-stakeholders in participatory decision-making. Indeed, one of the significant innovations in information technology (IT) in the digital age has been the creation and ongoing development of the Internet—Internet technology has changed rules about how information is managed, collected, and disseminated in commercial, government, and private domains. Internet technology also increases communication flexibility while reducing cost by permitting the exchange of large amounts of data instantaneously regardless of geographic distance (McNeal, Tolbert, Mossberger, & Dotterweich, 2003). In Hirsch’s (2006) words, “The Internet has finally achieved the convergence dream of the 1970s and everything that can be canned in digital form is traveling the Net” (p.3).

Web Accessibility

2011 ◽  
pp. 1205-1210
Author(s):  
Gennaro Costagliola ◽  
Sergio Di Martino ◽  
Filomena Ferrucci ◽  
Carmine Gravino
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Blind Users ◽  
Wheelchair Users ◽  
Internet Technologies ◽  
Use Of Services ◽  
Accessibility Issues ◽  
The Web

Accessibility means making resources usable by the largest number of people possible, or alternatively, allowing people with some kind of disability to effectively participate in day-to-day activities, including the use of services, goods, and information. The evolution of civil rights enhanced the physical world with several accessibility aids, such as ramps to remove architectural barriers for wheelchair users or bells near elevators for blind users. To address the size of the “disable world”, let us consider that only in the European Union there are about 37 million people with disabilities. Disabled people find in the Internet a major reference for their daily necessities to overcome their difficulties in moving and communicating. As institutional, economical, and social services provided through the Web become increasingly central to our lives, to avoid the risk for severe social exclusion, there is the need for “accessibility aids” for the Web. Informally, it means that Web-based content should be presented in a way that allows disabled users to maximally and equally benefit from the information, as well as have the faculty to fully interact with the site. People with physical, cognitive or even technological disabilities should be enabled to effectively read information, browse sites, compile forms, navigate links, download documents, and so on. This goal can be achieved by using a mix of hardware/software solutions, suited to provide specialized input and output capabilities. For example, text-to-speech systems read text on the screen, allowing blind users to navigate Web sites. However, to work effectively, such solutions require Web designers to use Internet technologies accordingly to some recommendations. Incidentally, the recommendations and principles that form the accessibility foundation are very similar to the factors affecting Web quality (Fitzpatrick, 2000; Top of the Web, 2003), and thus can provide benefits to every user of the Internet, whether disabled or not. As a result, accessibility should represent one of the most important references for Web developers. In this article, we provide an insight into the development of accessible Web sites. In particular, we will start by outlining the historical background about the accessibility issues. Then, we will focus on the design of Accessible Web sites inspired to the universal design principles (Follette, Mueller, & Mace, 1998) and World Wide Web Consortium’s (W3C) directives, and on the solutions to verify and validate accessibility. Finally, we will give an insight on future trends and challenges due to novel Internet technologies.

scholarly journals Management of Potential Data on Websites for Communicating Research in Education Issue

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 3119-3122
Keyword(s):  
Web Sites ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Current State ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Research In Education ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Selection Of

This research is concentrated in the increasing of education issue studies using the management of potential data on Websites for Communicating Research in the field of Education. This research relates with several web sites, i.e: https://puspendik.kemdikbud.go.id/hasil-un/, and https://dapo.dikdasmen.kemdikbud.go.id/sekolah/ Furthermore, this research is also purposed in order to elucidate the potentials and challenges of internet data for education to demonstrate a selection of relevant literature so that a wide spectrum of topics can be reached. A part of this data represents a large and increasing part of everyday life which sometimes could not be measured. The data used are a timely data which are potentially following a factual process, moreover they typically involve large numbers of observations, and they allow for flexible conceptual forms and experimental settings. In this paper, the data that are gained will be managed such that some academic articles are produced. Some data at the Internet had successfully been applied to a very wide range of detecting education issues (e.g. spatial analysis for relation a number of male and female students and score of mathematics and foreign languages test), we review the current literature attempts to incorporate the Internet data into the mainstream of scholarly empirical research in our research and guide the reader through this Special Issue. We provide some insights and a brief overview of the current state of research.

Social Media and other Web 2.0 Technologies as Communication Channels in a Cross-Cultural, Web-Based Professional Communication Project

2013 ◽  
pp. 256-272
Author(s):  
Pavel Zemliansky ◽  
Olena Goroshko
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Communication Channels ◽  
The United States ◽  
Professional Communication ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Project Participants

In recent years, cross-national web-based teaching projects have become very popular in many fields. During such projects, participants from different countries work together on collaborative tasks. Communications among project participants take place over the Internet, including via social media. In this chapter, the author reports the results of social media use in one such project, which brought together students from the United States and Ukraine. A pre and post project survey taken by the participants demonstrate the main opportunities and challenges afforded by social media to educators. The reporting and analysis of the survey results are preceded by a review of relevant literature, which contextualizes our findings.

Foster Care

1989 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 209-215
Author(s):  
Edward L. Schor
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Foster Care ◽  
Social Services ◽  
New York Times ◽  
The United States ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Best Interests ◽  
Foster Care System ◽  
Aid To Dependent Children ◽  
Social Security Act

A SYSTEM OVERLOADED: THE FOSTER CARE CRISIS "The children are now buffeted by countless rejections and severe stress. They often become angry, depressed, and violent. Few of them understand that they are the littlest victims of a system that, by all accounts, has been overwhelmed" (The New York Times, March 15, 1987). Seemingly on a daily basis, especially in our larger cities, newspapers report the crisis in foster care. State departments of social services are being sued for neglecting children in their care, caseworkers are being accused of malfeasance, and children placed in foster care for their own best interests are reported to have experienced further abuse and some have died. Pediatricians who care for foster children, and who need as well to be their advocates, should understand the foster care system—its origins, mandates, objectives, and how well it has fared. Although its roots are in the English Elizabethan Poor Law of 1601, foster care as we know it today in the United States grew out of the federal initiative Aid to Dependent Children which was enacted as title IV-A of the Social Security Act of 1935. The objective of this entitlement program was to provide financial assistance to widows and widowers with children to avoid the breakup of families because of economic hardship.

scholarly journals Content and Quality of Legal Information and Data on the Internet with a Special Focus on the United States

1999 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire M. Germain
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Digital Medium ◽  
Legal Information ◽  
Foreign Governments

SummaryIn the United States today, digital versions of current decisions, bills, statutes, and regulations issued by federal and state governments are widely available on publicly accessible Web sites. Worldwide, official (defined as “authoritative,” or “the official” word of the law) legal information issued by international organizations and foreign governments is also becoming available on the Web. However, there are currently no standards for the production and authentication of digital documents. Moreover, the information is sometimes available only for a short time and then disappears from the site. No guidelines exist either to promote a uniform way to cite to digital legal materials.This article examines the contents of legal data and information on the Internet, with a special focus on the United States. It then evaluates the quality of the data, its impact on legal research and access to legal information, and addresses some issues raised by the digital medium, such as its reliability and permanent access concerns.

Melanoma Information on the Internet: Often Incomplete—A Public Health Opportunity?

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher K. Bichakjian ◽  
Jennifer L. Schwartz ◽  
Timothy S. Wang ◽  
Janette M. Hall ◽  
Timothy M. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
Search Engines ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Kappa Statistic ◽  
General Information ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Search Term ◽  
Care Providers

PURPOSE: To assess the accuracy and completeness of information regarding melanoma on the Internet, retrieved by use of search engines. METHODS: The first 30 uniform/universal resource locators (URLs) from each of eight search engines using the search term “melanoma” were retrieved for evaluation of accuracy and completeness using a 35-point checklist rating system instrument. Four reviewers independently rated each of 35 sites, and one reviewer rated all 74 assessable sites. Kappa statistics were used to evaluate interrater variability. RESULTS: A total of 74 assessable Web sites were evaluated. The remainder were inaccessible, link pages only, or duplicates. Thirty-five Web sites were each independently rated by four reviewers. The remaining 39 Web sites were each rated by one reviewer. The mean kappa statistic for all variables and all rater pairs for which a kappa could be calculated was 0.824, indicating excellent overall inter-rater reliability. The majority of Web sites failed to include complete information on general information, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and prognosis. Ten Web sites (14%) contained a total of 13 inaccuracies, most relatively minor. CONCLUSION: Medical information retrieved with the search term melanoma was likely to lack complete basic melanoma information and contained inaccuracies in 14% of sites. Health care providers can help patients by recommending comprehensive and accurate Web sites for patient review, by working to create accurate and thorough Web-based health information material, and by educating patients and the public about the variability in completeness and accuracy.

The Quality of Web Sites' Health Information on Minimal Invasive Repair of Pectus Excavatum Using the DISCERN Instrument

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wietse P. Zuidema ◽  
Maarten J. Graumans ◽  
Jan W. A. Oosterhuis ◽  
Alida F. W. van der Steeg ◽  
Ernest van Heurn
Keyword(s):  
Health Information ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
Pectus Excavatum ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Related Information

Abstract Introduction The Internet is a frequently used tool for patients with pectus excavatum (PE) to get information about symptoms and treatment options. In addition, it is used by both health care providers as a marketing tool and support group systems. The Internet health information varies in precision, quality, and reliability. The study purpose was to determine the quality of information on the PE Web sites using the DISCERN instrument, including information about operation and potential complications after a Nuss bar procedure. Materials and Methods Four search engines, Google, Yahoo, Ask, and Bing, were used to explore seven key terms concerning PE. Search language was English. The DISCERN quality instrument was used to evaluate the Web sites. Also, information on possible complications was scored per Web site. Results A total of 560 Web sites were assessed in March 2019. Excluded were 139 Web sites. There were 333 duplicates, leaving 88 unique Web sites. Of these, 58.1% were hospital-related information Web sites, 28.4% medical information Web sites, and 3.4% patient forum sites. Interactive multimedia was used on 21.6% of the sites. Pain postoperatively was mentioned on 64.8% of the sites, while only 9.1% mentioned the mortality risk of the surgical correction of PE for Nuss bar placement. The quality of the unique Web sites showed a mean DISCERN score of 42.5 (standard deviation 12.2). Medical information Web sites, encyclopedia, and government-sponsored sites had higher DISCERN scores. Hospital-related information sites, medical companies, and lay persons' sites, had lower total scores. Conclusion The overall quality of PE Web sites is low to moderate, with serious shortcomings.

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