Managing the Insurgency

Mapping Intimacies ◽

10.1093/oso/9780197586495.003.0016 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 147-154

Author(s):

Michael Llewellyn-Smith

Keyword(s):

The Novel ◽

Law And Order ◽

British Policy

In this chapter the author describes the novel challenges Venizelos faced in managing the insurgency, which combined planning, procurement and supply, propaganda, diplomacy, man management, finance and administration. In matters of security he insisted on preservation of law and order in the areas controlled by the insurgency, limiting clashes with the gendarmerie so far as possible. Efforts on both sides to limit bloodshed show the insurgency to have been up to a point carefully managed so as to avoid matters getting out of hand and prejudicing relations with the Powers. The powers themselves differed in their approaches and found it hard to agree policies, Russia being closest to the prince. The British policy in the Iraklion area complicated efforts to spread the insurgency to the center of the island. As time passed nervous strains increased, and Venizelos's leadership was questioned by some of his closest colleagues, as his efforts took their toll and signs of his flexibility over the prime aim of union were suspected. Timing also was a concern since it would be difficult to hold the rank and file once winter came.

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Die rol van die magistraat in Toorberg van Etienne van Heerden

Literator ◽

10.4102/lit.v10i2.827 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 25-29

Author(s):

M. Lombard

Keyword(s):

The Body ◽

The Novel ◽

Law And Order ◽

Objective View

The novel Toorberg is situated in an atmosphere of mystery as some of the characters are dead people who occasionally come back to the farm where they spent their lives. The question arises as to what role the magistrate plays as a realistic representative of law and order in these surroundings (where the Moolmans have learnt to care for their own sins, according to OuAbel Moolman).The answer to this question is to be found in the following: The magistrate is very definitely an outsider, not only because he is a stranger in that area, but also because of his pathetic appearance. As an outsider he has an objective view of the characters, which is useful to his investigation. Actually the magistrate has been sent to investigate the death of Druppeltjie du Pisani, but he fails to a report on the matter. The magistrate is very conscious of his body and particularly of his short arm. This awareness of the body forms a contrast to some of the disembodied characters who roam the farm. There are a number of facts which indicate that the magistrate is a reincarnation of De la Rey. If the theory of reincarnation is accepted, the magistrate himself, reincarnated as De la Rey, is guilty of Druppeltjie’s death, together with the man who fired the shot, according to the magistrate’s own reasoning. This could be a solution to the problem, but it need not be, as the mysteries of Toorberg do not require solutions.

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The formation of the Ulster Home Guard

Irish Historical Studies ◽

10.1017/ihs.2016.26 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 40 (158) ◽

pp. 230-246

Author(s):

William Butler

Keyword(s):

Northern Ireland ◽

Second World War ◽

Police Force ◽

British Government ◽

Law And Order ◽

World War ◽

British Policy ◽

The Government ◽

Second World

AbstractThis article explores the problems encountered in the formation of the Ulster Home Guard, supposedly a direct equivalent to its well-known British counterpart, as part of the paramilitary Ulster Special Constabulary in Northern Ireland, during the Second World War. Predictably, the Ulster Home Guard became an almost exclusively Protestant organisation which led to many accusations of sectarianism from a variety of different national and international voices. This became a real concern for the British government, as well as the army, which understandably wished to avoid any such controversy. Though assumptions had previously been made about the numbers of Catholics in the force, this article explores just how few joined the organisation throughout the war. Additionally, the article investigates the rather awkward constitutional position in which the Ulster Home Guard was placed. Under the Government of Ireland Act, the Stormont administration had no authority on matters of home defence. It did, however, have the power to raise a police force as a way to maintain law and order. Still, the Ulster Home Guard, although formed as part of the Ulster Special Constabulary, was entrusted solely with home defence and this had wider implications for British policy towards Northern Ireland throughout the Second World War.

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The Dismemberment and Revival of the Ashanti Confederacy

Journal of British Studies ◽

10.1086/385556 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 151-168 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

William Tordoff

Keyword(s):

General Pattern ◽

Northern Nigeria ◽

Colonial Rule ◽

British Government ◽

Law And Order ◽

Self Sufficiency ◽

Educational Programmes ◽

British Policy ◽

Important Exception ◽

Communications System

In the last two decades of the nineteenth century, Britain joined other European nations in the scramble for territory in Africa. Guided largely by strategic considerations, she showed little interest in exploiting the areas which she had acquired. In what might be called the first phase of colonial rule, lasting until about 1914, a thinly staffed colonial administration was preoccupied in each tropical African dependency with maintaining law and order and achieving economic self-sufficiency. To this end Africans were encouraged to grow crops such as cocoa and coffee, while a rudimentary communications system was established so that produce might find its distant markets. European plantation agriculture was allowed in only a few enclaves, such as the highlands of Kenya, but substantial mining concessions were widely granted to European companies. Politically, normal British policy was to retain and rule through such large traditional units of government as existed; among them were Buganda and the emirates of northern Nigeria. This policy was substantially modified in Ashanti, which therefore furnishes an important exception to the general pattern.British policy remained essentially empirical throughout the second colonial phase, which roughly coincides with the interwar years. With the growth, however, of the notion of trusteeship, the British Government recognized a duty not only to govern but also to develop its dependencies economically, socially, and politically. After 1918 a modest expansion of government agricultural, medical, and educational programmes therefore took place — mainly financed, however, from local revenues.

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The Law of Dress in Lord of the Flies

Pólemos ◽

10.1515/pol-2016-0009 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 157-178

Author(s):

Gary Watt

Keyword(s):

The Novel ◽

Law And Order ◽

Parallel Performance ◽

Fundamental Fact ◽

Lord Of The Flies ◽

The Law ◽

Rules Changes ◽

Standard Terms

Abstract Instead of reading William Golding’s Lord of the Flies in standard terms of the boys’ descent from clothing to nakedness, or in terms of truth disguised in false appearance, this paper reads the novel in terms of the constancy of dress. The form of the dress may change from clothes to painted masks, but the fundamental fact of dress remains. The boys’ relationship to rules can be read in a similar way. Instead of reading their story in terms of descent from law and order to lawlessness and disorder, it is read in terms of the on-going presence of rules of some sort. The form of the rules changes, but the essential fact of government by rules remains. It is argued that dress and law are constant in the novel and that Golding is warning us, through the parallel performance of law and dress, that we should suspect that external indicators of civilization are hollow; that we should be cynical about all systems of norms established by society and look, instead, to be saved by individual insight and self-sacrifice.

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IN THE BEGINNING THERE WILL HAVE BEEN VIOLENCE: JUSTICE AND LAW. THE BROTHERS KARAMAZOV BY FYODOR DOSTOEVSKY

Folia linguistica et litteraria ◽

10.31902/fll.38.2021.7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol XII (38) ◽

pp. 123-145

Author(s):

Milen Vladić Jovanov

Keyword(s):

The Novel ◽

Law And Order ◽

Fiction Writing ◽

Fyodor Dostoevsky ◽

Literary Forms ◽

The Brothers Karamazov ◽

Basic Meaning ◽

Brothers Karamazov ◽

The Individual ◽

In The Beginning

The realistic novel "The Brothers Karamazov” raises critical questions about modernist poetics, which refer to questions of religion, justice, law, and order within the narrative. They are interpreted both on the universal and the individual conceptual level, making the novel a complex system of narrative sequences. In the sequence related to the character of Ivan Karamazov, questions of fiction within fiction, writing and creation, repetition of the roles of the author and spectral characters in the story and the character of Ivan Karamazov are raised. These questions are modernist-critical and it is the intensity of their appearance that is referred to here. Modernism establishes the problematic situation of art itself, placing in the form of a meta quality, not only the question of artistic quality but also the field it belongs to in the foundations of the works of art themselves. The question raised is rooted in the basic meaning of literature. Literary forms bend self-referentially towards themselves, in order to twist anew and express reality. Modernist works ask readers whether all literary themes are legitimately literary or whether literature can deal with "any" topic. These questions have arisen since art has self-referentially bent towards the entirety of culture and art, and all the various questions raised in specific scientific fields. Therefore, it is sometimes said that literary works are, for example, philosophical, psychological. However, that refers to the entire literary order, whereas in the stated narrative the questions are so complex and the question of the literary status itself is entwined with their complexity

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Politics and the Two Irelands

Worldview ◽

10.1017/s0084255900035361 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 24 (7) ◽

pp. 11-13

Author(s):

Paul F. Power

Keyword(s):

Northern Ireland ◽

British Government ◽

Law And Order ◽

Hunger Strike ◽

British Policy ◽

The Republic

Late last year the British Government emerged with its principles intact from a contest of wills with a Provisional IRA hunger-striker who sought changes in the prison treatment of those claiming political motivations for their acts of violence. When the hunger-striker broke his fast, it appeared that the British policy was vindicated. But as usual in Northern Ireland, the ascendency of British law and order did not go untested for long. In the spring of 1981 the Ulster situation erupted again when another IRA hunger-striker induced his own death after failing to produce any modification of prison rules. Although the Thatcher government had held firm once again, the tradition of Irish self-sacrifice was reborn. Bobby Sands, M.P., became the thirteenth Republican prisoner since 1920 to die on a hunger strike in jail, the first in the Republic itself.

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