The Role of Local Interactions in Cities’ Global Networking of Multinational Firms: An SIR Model Applied to Partial-Multiplex Directed Networks

2018 ◽  
pp. 138-147
Author(s):  
Maria Tsouchnika ◽  
Michael Kanetidis ◽  
Celine Rozenblat ◽  
Panos Argyrakis
Keyword(s):  
Multinational Firms ◽  
Sir Model ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Geographical Proximity ◽  
Directed Networks ◽  
Financial Network ◽  
Local Interactions ◽  
Form Complex ◽  
The World

In “The Role of Local Interactions in Cities’ Global Networking of Multinational Firms: An SIR Model Applied to Partial-Multiplex Directed Networks,” the spreading of a financial crisis in a partial-multiplex, direct financial network is simulated. Two important factors shape the relationships between the cities: their geographical proximity and their activity proximity. Global firms interact with each other to form complex networks of financial relations of ownership relations between them. Whatever their activities, the networks of companies are mostly concentrated in the main global cities of the world, where they benefit from human, natural, and financial resources, but reversely, firms’ networks contribute to build the global characters of cities. This chapter examines the possible outcome of the spreading of a catastrophic event, such as an epidemic, by applying an SIR process to this network.

İssues of assessing the investment climate in Azerbaijan

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 94-96
Author(s):  
Aysel Rövşən qızı Baxşəliyeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Investment Policy ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Investment Climate ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The World

Our country, which is constantly developing economically and carrying out political reforms in parallel, thereby achieving a further increase in its international prestige. One of the important factors contributing to the regular strengthening of Azerbaijan's position in the international arena is the growing role of our country in the field of energy security, as well as its active investment policy. At present, our country is becoming one of the most advanced potential investors in the world. The number of foreign countries expecting to invest in Azerbaijan is constantly growing. Azerbaijan, which has great financial resources, has been investing in various foreign countries in recent years, provided that its interests are ensured. Key words: investment activity, economic assessment, dynamic indicators, economic indicators

scholarly journals Centralization of the Global REDD+ Financial Network and Implications under the New Climate Regime

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Do-hun Kim ◽  
Dong-hwan Kim ◽  
Dong-Ho Lee ◽  
Sunjoo Park ◽  
Seong-il Kim
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Climate Regime ◽  
Financial Network ◽  
Ghg Reduction ◽  
Donor Numbers ◽  
Major Donors

With the institutionalization of reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, and the role of conservation, sustainable management of forests, and enhancement of forest carbon stocks in developing countries (REDD+), the global REDD+ financial network has been formed to support the implementation of REDD+ in developing countries. Although the rapid expansion of the network made it decentralized, it is still a highly centralized network in terms of the distribution of financial resources, revolving around only a few major actors. While the source of financing was diversified due to an increase in influential donors, the majority of financing still came from a few constant major donors, and a few constant major developing countries received most of the financial support. Although increases in donor numbers and the amount of finance received can provide more chances to support developing countries, it may cause inefficiency due to overlaps and duplications. Also, over-centralization of financial resources can be ineffective in terms of achieving maximum greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction, and can broaden gaps between developing countries’ ability to cope with climate change and deforestation. Lack of coordination among donors and the differing capacity of developing countries may have caused centralization of financial resources in the global REDD+ financial network. To minimize this problem, a comprehensive monitoring system and platforms for information sharing are needed.

Countries of the Central and South Pacific Region are Russia’s competitors in gas supplies to Japan

2020 ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
Ya. Mishchenko
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
Energy Markets ◽  
Geographical Proximity ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
The World ◽  
The Persian Gulf ◽  
Strategic Goal

The article analyzes the role of the Central and South Pacific states in providing Japan with natural gas. This issue is very relevant, as Russia sets a strategic goal of expanding its presence in the Japanese energy markets, including increasing natural gas exports. However, the latter actively buys natural gas in several countries around the world, and despite the factor of geographical proximity, Russia has not yet managed to become a key supplier of this energy supplier to Japan. As a result of the conducted research, it is possible to confirm that the Central and South Pacific region is currently the main supplier of LNG to Japan and a serious competitor for Russian suppliers. However, even if a few decades later, due to the depletion of gas reserves in some countries of the region, a free niche is formed, Russia may fi nd it difficult to occupy it due to increased competition from some states of the Persian Gulf.

The role of research for sustainable paediatric cardiac programmes in developing countries

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 787-795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantine D. Mavroudis ◽  
Constantine Mavroudis ◽  
Jeffrey P. Jacobs ◽  
Allison Siegel
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Cardiac Care ◽  
Ethical Standards ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
The World ◽  
Local Problems

AbstractSignificant challenges face developing countries as a result of the maldistribution of access to healthcare throughout the world, specifically access to paediatric cardiac care. Sustainable paediatric cardiac programmes must be established in developing countries to provide care to all children with congenital heart disease. Education and research are essential components to sustainable paediatric cardiac programmes in developing countries to define local problems and the incidence of disease, and to generate solutions thereto related. Research can contribute to developing local expertise, improving technology, providing opportunities for local talent, generating financial resources, enhancing the dignity of people, and the facilitating resolution of health problems throughout the world. Clinical trials conducted in developing countries should meet the same ethical standards as trials based in developed countries.

scholarly journals Serious role of non-quarantined COVID-19 patients for random walk simulations

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nariyuki Nakagiri ◽  
Kazunori Sato ◽  
Yukio Sakisaka ◽  
Kei-ichi Tainaka
Keyword(s):  
Random Walk ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Critical Value ◽  
Sir Model ◽  
Mixed Population ◽  
Total Population Size ◽  
Infected People ◽  
The World ◽  
Pcr Test

AbstractThe infectious disease (COVID-19) causes serious damages and outbreaks. A large number of infected people have been reported in the world. However, such a number only represents those who have been tested; e.g. PCR test. We focus on the infected individuals who are not checked by inspections. The susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) model is modified: infected people are divided into quarantined (Q) and non-quarantined (N) agents. Since N-agents behave like uninfected people, they can move around in a stochastic simulation. Both theory of well-mixed population and simulation of random-walk reveal that the total population size of Q-agents decrease in spite of increasing the number of tests. Such a paradox appears, when the ratio of Q exceeds a critical value. Random-walk simulations indicate that the infection hardly spreads, if the movement of all people is prohibited ("lockdown"). In this case the infected people are clustered and locally distributed within narrow spots. The similar result can be obtained, even when only non-infected people move around. However, when both N-agents and uninfected people move around, the infection spreads everywhere. Hence, it may be important to promote the inspections even for asymptomatic people, because most of N-agents are mild or asymptomatic.

Classifying Web Users

2011 ◽  
pp. 45-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Value Orientations ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Global Culture ◽  
Form Complex ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The World ◽  
Web Communication ◽  
The Individual

In today’s global environment, a myriad of communication mechanisms enable cultures around the world to interact with one another and form complex interrelationships. The goal of this chapter is to illustrate an individual-based approach to understanding cultural similarities and differences in the borderless world. Within the context of Web communication, a typology of individual cultural value orientations is proposed. This conceptualization emphasizes the need for making distinctions first at the individual level, before group-level comparisons are meaningful, in order to grasp the complexity of today’s global culture. The empirical study reported here further demonstrates the usefulness of this approach by successfully identifying 16 groups among American Web users as postulated in the proposed typology. Future research should follow the implications provided in this chapter in order to broaden our thinking about the role of culture in a world of global communication.

scholarly journals Branding as an effective tool for the development of tourist territories of the Republic of Belarus

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-246
Author(s):  
E. M. Yelovaya
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Proximity ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
Mass Market ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic

Branding of territories is growing rapidly as an approach used in the tourism sector to promote a tourist destination. The concept of branding was borrowed from the world of the mass market and is actively used in a number of national tourist destinations, however, at this stage of its development, an academic analysis of the value and effectiveness of the use of branding of territories is still not fully carried out. First of all, the role of branding in regional tourist territories is not investigated, where brand personalization is extremely important given the geographical proximity of their location.

Classifying Web Users

2008 ◽  
pp. 2056-2072
Author(s):  
Wei-Na Lee ◽  
Sejung Marina Choi
Keyword(s):  
Value Orientations ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Global Culture ◽  
Form Complex ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The World ◽  
Web Communication ◽  
The Individual

In today’s global environment, a myriad of communication mechanisms enable cultures around the world to interact with one another and form complex interrelationships. The goal of this chapter is to illustrate an individual-based approach to understanding cultural similarities and differences in the borderless world. Within the context of Web communication, a typology of individual cultural value orientations is proposed. This conceptualization emphasizes the need for making distinctions first at the individual level, before group-level comparisons are meaningful, in order to grasp the complexity of today’s global culture. The empirical study reported here further demonstrates the usefulness of this approach by successfully identifying 16 groups among American Web users as postulated in the proposed typology. Future research should follow the implications provided in this chapter in order to broaden our thinking about the role of culture in a world of global communication.

Classifying Web Users

2011 ◽  
pp. 250-267
Author(s):  
Wei-Na Lee
Keyword(s):  
Value Orientations ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Global Culture ◽  
Form Complex ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The World ◽  
Web Communication ◽  
The Individual

In today’s global environment, a myriad of communication mechanisms enable cultures around the world to interact with one another and form complex interrelationships. The goal of this chapter is to illustrate an individual-based approach to understanding cultural similarities and differences in the borderless world. Within the context of Web communication, a typology of individual cultural value orientations is proposed. This conceptualization emphasizes the need for making distinctions first at the individual level, before group-level comparisons are meaningful, in order to grasp the complexity of today’s global culture. The empirical study reported here further demonstrates the usefulness of this approach by successfully identifying 16 groups among American Web users as postulated in the proposed typology. Future research should follow the implications provided in this chapter in order to broaden our thinking about the role of culture in a world of global communication.

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