Metal Processes and Applications—An Overview

2021 ◽  
pp. 450-549
Author(s):  
Christina Meskers
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Product Design ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Periodic Table ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Refining Processes

This chapter provides a consise overview of each metal’s physical properties, production, and recycling processes and application. Starting with lithium and ending with bismuth, the metals in the periodic table are covered from Al to Zn. In this way the relationship between each metal’s properties, applications, and processing becomes evident. To obtain the desired properties, and thus composition, for a particular application the refining processes are essential. While the fundamental principles are discussed in other chapters, here the focus is on how the technologies are applied to different metals. The chapter also allows for a systemic perspective that elucidates the interconnectedness between the metals and their production infrastructure. It provides insights that can be applied in primary production, recycling, residue treatment, technology development, alloy and product design, and substitution among others. This is essential to understand and implement the circular economy.

The Basic Study on the Relationship between the Physical Properties of Coating Pigment and the Coated Paper Quality

2011 ◽  
Vol 65 (12) ◽  
pp. 1293-1297
Author(s):  
Keiko Hashiguchi ◽  
Takehiro Yoshimatsu ◽  
Masanori Kawashima
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Coated Paper ◽  
Basic Study ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Paper Quality

scholarly journals Design of Consumables in a Resource-Efficient Economy—A Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1036
Author(s):  
Siri Willskytt
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Product Design ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Specific Design ◽  
Design Considerations ◽  
Life Cycle Perspective ◽  
General Product

Consumable products have received less attention in the circular economy (CE), particularly in regard to the design of resource-efficient products. This literature review investigates the extent to which existing design guidelines for resource-efficient products are applicable to consumables. This analysis is divided into two parts. The first investigates the extent to which general product-design guidelines (i.e., applicable to both durables and consumables) are applicable to consumables. This analysis also scrutinizes the type of recommendations presented by the ecodesign and circular product design, to investigate the novel aspects of the CE in product design. The second analysis examines the type of design considerations the literature on product-type specific design guidelines recommends for specific consumables and whether such guidelines are transferable. The analysis of general guidelines showed that, although guidelines are intended to be general and applicable to many types of products, their applicability to consumable products is limited. Less than half of their recommendations can be applied to consumables. The analysis also identified several design considerations that are transferable between product-specific design guidelines. This paper shows the importance of the life-cycle perspective in product design, to maximize the opportunities to improve consumables.

Influence of Characteristics of the Internet of Things on Consumer Purchase Intention

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
YaPing Chang ◽  
XueBing Dong ◽  
Wei Sun
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Product Design ◽  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Product Characteristics ◽  
Consumer Purchase Intention ◽  
Functional Experience ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Internet Of Things

We studied the mechanism of the influence of the Internet of Things (IOT) product characteristics on consumer purchase intention. The results of a survey of 360 consumers showed that 6 dimensions of IOT product characteristics influence purchase intention; namely connectivity, interactivity, telepresence, intelligence, convenience, and security. We found that customer experience was the key mediating variable in the relationship between IOT product characteristics and purchase intention. Connectivity, interactivity, telepresence, intelligence, convenience, and security all positively influenced purchase intention via functional experience. Furthermore, connectivity, telepresence, convenience, and security positively influenced purchase intention via emotional experience. Our findings in the study provide some points of reference for improvement of IOT product design.

Self Assembling Nanostructured Delivery Vehicles for Biochemically Reactive Pairs

1994 ◽  
Vol 351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nir Kossovsky ◽  
A. Gelman ◽  
H.J. Hnatyszyn ◽  
E. Sponsler ◽  
G.-M. Chow
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Self Assembling ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Carbon Ceramic

ABSTRACTIntrigued by the deceptive simplicity and beauty of macromolecular self-assembly, our laboratory began studying models of self-assembly using solids, glasses, and colloidal substrates. These studies have defined a fundamental new colloidal material for supporting members of a biochemically reactive pair.The technology, a molecular transportation assembly, is based on preformed carbon ceramic nanoparticles and self assembled calcium-phosphate dihydrate particles to which glassy carbohydrates are then applied as a nanometer thick surface coating. This carbohydrate coated core functions as a dehydroprotectant and stabilizes surface immobilized members of a biochemically reactive pair. The final product, therefore, consists of three layers. The core is comprised of the ceramic, the second layer is the dehydroprotectant carbohydrate adhesive, and the surface layer is the biochemically reactive molecule for which delivery is desired.We have characterized many of the physical properties of this system and have evaluated the utility of this delivery technology in vitro and in animal models. Physical characterization has included standard and high resolution transmission electron microscopy, electron and x-ray diffraction and ζ potential analysis. Functional assays of the ability of the system to act as a nanoscale dehydroprotecting delivery vehicle have been performed on viral antigens, hemoglobin, and insulin. By all measures at present, the favorable physical properties and biological behavior of the molecular transportation assembly point to an exciting new interdisciplinary area of technology development in materials science, chemistry and biology.

Optimize Mixing Process Parameters of Synchronous Rotor Mixer Based on Orthogonal Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 501 ◽  
pp. 442-447
Author(s):  
Ping Fu ◽  
Feng Bao Bai ◽  
Chuan Sheng Wang ◽  
Shan Hu Li
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Fill Factor ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Mixing Process ◽  
Rotor Speed ◽  
Orthogonal Method ◽  
Cooling Water Temperature ◽  
Vulcanized Rubber ◽  
The Relationship

In this paper adopting the orthogonal method, self-developed compound formulation had tested, and the relationship between the physical properties of vulcanized rubber and rectangular synchronous rotor mixer parameters had researched. The results showed that when the fill factor was 0.6, the rotor speed was 70r/min, cooling water temperature was 45 °C, pressure on the top bolt was 0.8Mpa, the physical properties of the vulcanized rubber was best.

Aging and Technology: A Developmental View

1996 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.L. Fozard
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Consumer Involvement ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Developmental Approach ◽  
Aged People ◽  
Integration Of Technology ◽  
Work Education ◽  
Aging Persons ◽  
The Relationship

Applications of technology to improve the living and working environment and medical care of aging and aged people define a newly developing discipline called gerontechnology. Both this field and the human factors applications to aging that are embedded in it require a developmental view of the relationship between a person and her/his environment. From a developmental viewpoint, technology can affect aging through prevention of chronic problems that limit mobility; enhancement of social activities, work, education and recreation, and compensation for impaired functioning. Integration of technology into the lives of aging persons reacquires a developmental approach to the design of products and environments, consumer involvement in design and significant changes in the infrastructure for technology development and dispersal.

Lack of relationship between wheat in vitro viscosity and digestibility parameters for pigs

1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 ◽  
pp. 32-32
Author(s):  
F.J. Lewis ◽  
J. McEvoy ◽  
K.J. McCracken
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Variable Composition ◽  
Wheat Quality ◽  
Inexpensive Method ◽  
Metabolisable Energy ◽  
The Relationship

Whilst wheat is a major component in many pig diets it has the most variable composition of any of the cereals (Bolton & Blair, 1974) with wheat variety and the environment in which it was grown influencing its chemical and physical properties and thus nutritive value. A rapid and inexpensive method for prediction of nutritive value is thus needed to account for these variations in wheat composition. Viscosity is closely related to the soluble arabinoxylan content of wheat (Dusel et al., 1997) with a high in vitro wheat viscosity associated with a reduction in apparent metabolisable energy (AME) for poultry (Classen et al, 1995). The relationship between viscosity and nutritive value for pigs is therefore of interest. The present study investigated the effect of wheat quality measured by extract viscosity, on ileal and overall digestibility using the post-valve ‘T’ caecal (PVTC) canulation method in growing pigs.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document