Institutions and Organizations

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Theory ◽  
Organization Theory ◽  
Institutional Logics ◽  
Loose Coupling ◽  
Institutional Work ◽  
Organization Studies ◽  
Process Ontology ◽  
Process View ◽  
Process Perspective ◽  
Over Time

Institutions—the structures, practices, and meanings that define what people and organizations think, do, and aspire to—are created through process. They are “work in progress” that involves continual efforts to maintain, modify, or disturb them. Institutional logics are also in motion, holding varying degrees of dominance that change over time. This volume brings together two streams of thought within organization theory—institutional theory and process perspective—to advocate for stronger process ontology that highlights institutions as emergent, generative, political, and social. A stronger process view allows us to challenge our understanding of central concepts within institutional theory, such as “loose coupling,” “institutional work,” the work of institutional logics on the ground, and institutionalization between diffusion and translation. Enriched with an emphasis on practice and widened by taking a broad view of institutions, this volume draws on the Ninth International Symposium on Process Organization Studies to offer key insights that will inform our thinking of institutions as processes.

The Historical Development of the Strategic Management Discipline

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Organization ◽  
Strategic Management ◽  
Organization Theory ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Strategic Behavior ◽  
Organization Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Industrial Organization Theory ◽  
Theoretical Foundations ◽  
Over Time

The purpose of this chapter is to explain the origins of strategic management. It highlights the different perspectives of strategy that have emerged from economics research. It gives a brief history of economics within strategic management. It addresses particularly the meaning of “strategy” and “strategic management.” It describes a general overview of the evolving nature of the strategy discipline. Strategic management is a concept that has evolved over time and will continue to evolve. As a field of study, strategy or strategic management is relatively recent. Its theoretical foundations come mainly from economics (economic theory, international economics) and industrial organization studies. Developments in industrial organization theory stress the importance of strategic behavior by firms.

Institutional Logics, Gender, and Advertising Within a Culture in Transition: Examining Strategies of Advertising Professionals in Turkey for Managing Institutional Complexity

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 510-527
Author(s):  
Catherine A. Coleman ◽  
Linda Tuncay Zayer ◽  
Özlem Hesapci Karaca
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Institutional Theory ◽  
Gender Relations ◽  
Consumer Welfare ◽  
Institutional Logics ◽  
Institutional Work ◽  
Institutional Complexity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact ◽  
East West

Advertisers face longstanding challenges—perhaps more acute under shifting cultural and gender forces such as the global #metoo movement—in creating gendered messages. This research builds on work at the intersection of gender, advertising and institutions, which bridges macro and micro issues faced by advertising professionals, to explore the unique East-West context of Turkey. Using institutional theory as a lens to examine a context in transition, this research illustrates how macro forces permeate four logics from which advertising professionals draw, specifically logics of: gender roles, power, duality, and risk. It further identifies strategies that advertising professionals utilize to manage increasing institutional complexity when creating gendered messages amidst competing logics. This study contributes to an understanding of how advertising professionals engage in institutional work within broader macro realities and the impact this has on the creation of gendered messages in society. Implications for consumer welfare, particularly regarding gender relations, are offered.

scholarly journals Environmental Managers and Institutional Work: Reconciling Tensions of Competing Institutional Logics

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederik Dahlmann ◽  
Johanne Grosvold
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Change ◽  
Institutional Logics ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Institutional Work ◽  
Environmental Responsiveness ◽  
Repeated Interviews ◽  
Over Time

ABSTRACT:Firms face a variety of institutional logics and one important question is how individuals within firms manage these logics. Environmental managers in particular face tensions in reconciling their firms’ commercial fortunes with demands for greater environmental responsiveness. We explore how institutional work enables environmental managers to respond to competing institutional logics. Drawing on repeated interviews with 55 firms, we find that environmental managers face competition between a market-based logic and an emerging environmental logic. We show that some environmental managers embed the environmental logic alongside the market logic through variations of creation and disruption, thus over time creating institutional change, which can result in blended logics. Others, however, pursue a strategy of status quo or disengagement through maintenance or other forms of disruption, where the two logics coexist in principle but not in practice; instead the market logic retains its dominance. We discuss the implications of our findings for research.

scholarly journals What Makes a Process Theoretical Contribution?

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 263178772090247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Cloutier ◽  
Ann Langley
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Data ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Organization Studies ◽  
Process Ontology ◽  
Theoretical Contribution ◽  
Management Review ◽  
Conceptual Reasoning ◽  
Conceptual Work ◽  
Over Time

In recent years, there have been many calls for scholars to innovate in their styles of conceptual work, and in particular to develop process theoretical contributions that consider the dynamic unfolding of phenomena over time. Yet, while there are templates for constructing conceptual contributions structured in the form variance theories, approaches to developing process models, especially in the absence of formal empirical data, have received less attention. To fill this gap, we build on a review of conceptual articles that develop process theoretical contributions published in two major journals ( Academy of Management Review and Organization Studies) to propose a typology of four process theorizing styles that we label linear, parallel, recursive and conjunctive. As we move from linear to parallel to recursive to conjunctive styles, conceptual reasoning becomes more deeply embedded in process ontology, while the standard structuring devices such as diagrams, tables and propositions traditionally employed in conceptual articles appear less useful. We offer recommendations that may be helpful in enriching and deepening process theoretical contributions of all types.

Organizational Identity in Institutional Theory

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattew Kraatz ◽  
Nelson Phillips ◽  
Paul Tracey
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Theory ◽  
Collective Identity ◽  
Organizational Identity ◽  
Institutional Logics ◽  
Institutional Work ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Further Development

In this chapter, we explore how the concept of organizational identity has evolved in institutional theory. We begin by examining the different ways that organizational identity has been conceptualized and explain the evolving theoretical interests that lie behind the approaches that have been taken. Building on this, we discuss how organizational identity research might benefit from closer engagement with ideas from institutional theory. In particular, we discuss three possible directions for further development. First, we discuss how Selznick’s work emphasizes the historical, holistic, and value-driven nature of identity and why this is helpful for further developing thinking around organizational identity. Second, we explain how more recent developments in institutional theory such as institutional logics, institutional work, and collective identity provide an important bridge for connecting research in organizational identity and research in institutional theory. And, third, we explore how we might build a comprehensive, multi-level theory of organizational identity and institutions.

Dualities, Dialectics, and Paradoxes in Organizational Life

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Systems ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Organizational Studies ◽  
Organizational Life ◽  
Organizational Processes ◽  
Organization Studies ◽  
Process Studies ◽  
Convergence And Divergence ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Over Time

Organizational contradictions and process studies offer interwoven and complementary insights. Studies of dialectics, paradox, and dualities depict organizational contradictions that are oppositional as well as interrelated such that they persistently morph and shift over time. Studies of process often examine how contradictions fuel emergent, dynamic systems and stimulate novelty, adaptation, and transformation. Drawing from rich conversations at the Eighth International Symposium on Process Organization Studies, the contributors to this volume unpack these relationships in more depth. The chapters explore three main, connected themes through both conceptual and empirical studies, including (1) offering insight into how process theorizing advances understandings of organizational contradictions; (2) shedding light on how dialectics, paradoxes, and dualities fuel organizational processes that affect persistence and transformation; and (3) exploring the convergence and divergence of dialectics, paradox, and dualities lenses. Taken together, this book offers key insights in order to inform persistent, contradictory dynamics in organizations and organizational studies.

Pushed Together or Pulled Apart? Economic Stressors and Romantic Relationship Quality

2020 ◽  
pp. 073112142097844
Author(s):  
Amy Lucas ◽  
Jessica Halliday Hardie ◽  
Sejung Sage Yim
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Romantic Relationship ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Material Hardship ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Process Perspective ◽  
Romantic Relationship Quality ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Economic Stressors

Previous research indicates that romantic partners’ relationship quality is associated with poverty and material hardship. Few studies have used longitudinal data to incorporate changing economic circumstances over time, included a range of economic factors, or investigated the role of social support in this association, however. Using five waves of data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study, we extend prior work by evaluating the association between multiple economic stressors and romantic relationship quality over time, and whether social support explains or alters this association. Changes in economic stressors are associated with changes in romantic relationship quality over time, particularly nonstandard work and material hardship. Social support neither explains nor moderates this association in most cases. This study confirms the stress process perspective, showing how economic and work-related stress can proliferate into family life, but does not support the contention that social support buffers families against stress proliferation.

scholarly journals Organizations: power/history/imagination

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stewart Clegg
Keyword(s):  
Bounded Rationality ◽  
Organization Theory ◽  
Organization Studies ◽  
Ideal World ◽  
The Core ◽  
Organization Analysis ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The Trinity

The paper takes the assumptions of bounded rationality as the premise for organization theorizing. It draws a distinction between a science of objects and a science of subjects, arguing the latter as the more appropriate frame for organization analysis. Organization studies, it suggests, are an example of the type of knowledge that Flyvbjerg, following Aristotle, terms 'phronesis'. At the core of phronetic organization studies, the paper argues, there stands a concern with power, history and imagination. The core of the paper discusses power and the politics of organizing, to point up some central differences in approach to the key term in the trinity that the paper invokes. The paper concludes that organization theory and analysis is best cultivated not in an ideal world of paradigm consensus or domination but in a world of discursive plurality, where obstinate differences in domain assumptions are explicit and explicitly tolerated. A good conversation assumes engagement with alternate points of view, argued against vigorously, but ultimately, where these positions pass the criteria of reason rather than prejudice, tolerated as legitimate points of view. In so doing, it elaborates and defends criteria of reason.

Reconsidering institutions

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-54
Author(s):  
Kate Crowley ◽  
Jenny Stewart ◽  
Adrian Kay ◽  
Brian W. Head
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Institutional Theory ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
New Institutionalism ◽  
Policy Network ◽  
Complex Landscape ◽  
Emergent Networks ◽  
Over Time

Although institutions are central to the study of public policy, the focus upon them has shifted over time. This chapter is concerned with the role of institutions in problem solving and the utility of an evolving institutional theory that has significantly fragmented. It argues that the rise of new institutionalism in particular is symptomatic of the growing complexity in problems and policy making. We review the complex landscape of institutional theory, we reconsider institutions in the context of emergent networks and systems in the governance era, and we reflect upon institutions and the notion of policy shaping in contemporary times. We find that network institutionalism, which draws upon policy network and community approaches, has a particular utility for depicting and explaining complex policy.

Comparative institutional advantage: an obituary

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 569-578
Author(s):  
Filippo Reale
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Institutional Theory ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Varieties Of Capitalism ◽  
Comparative Political Economy ◽  
Over Time

AbstractThe article traces the remains of the theory of “comparative institutional advantage”, which was crucial during the early development of the “varieties of capitalism” approach to economics but fell into oblivion quickly afterwards. It follows the discussions of the concept over time and works out possible reasons – theoretical, methodological, and discursive – for the theory's decay. In conclusion, many arguments of the theory seem outdated today but it is a great witness to thezeitgeistof comparative political economy and institutional theory of the millennium.

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