The Image of the Feminine in the Gospel of Philip

2021 ◽  
pp. 96-108
Author(s):  
Piotr Ashwin-Siejkowski
Keyword(s):  
Active Role ◽  
Gender Construction ◽  
Christian Women ◽  
Christian Community ◽  
Nag Hammadi ◽  
Adam And Eve ◽  
Christian Teaching ◽  
The Feminine ◽  
The Creation

This chapter considers a text that is often considered ‘Gnostic’ in character. ‘The Image of the Feminine in the Gospel of Philip: An Innovative Assimilation of Paul’s Gender Legacy in the Valentinian Milieu’ explores the richness of images of the feminine preserved in the Coptic Gospel of Philip and their significance to the life of the Christian community. It assesses?the diversity and dichotomy of the feminine symbolism in?relevant documents from Nag Hammadi. In this context the study highlights the importance and creativity of Philip’s construction of?the feminine.?The chapter also offers a discussion of?the assimilation of the Pauline exegesis of the story of the creation of Adam and Eve by this document.?On that basis the chapter shows the original trajectory of the Gospel, which goes beyond the Pauline legacy, to serve the needs of its audience. Finally, as the Gospel of Philip pays a great deal of attention to the value of Christian teaching (exegesis) and the sacraments, the essay addresses the vital question: could?Christian women?take an active role in teaching and worship in the light of this Gospel and its gender construction?

Self-government and 1911 in China: Revolution or Continuity in the Political Participation in Sichuan Province?

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (01) ◽  
pp. 165-189
Author(s):  
Monica de Togni
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Sichuan Province ◽  
The Political ◽  
Local Policy ◽  
Role Taking ◽  
Local Society ◽  
Western Sichuan ◽  
The Creation

The process that led to the creation of self-government organs, and their activities in the first years of their existence, shows a consistent continuity between the imperial and the republican institutions, but also some changes in the institutional behaviour of the representatives of the local communities before and after the 1911’s revolution. The different meaning attributed to the institutional reforms as they appear to have been interpreted by the Qing Court, from the interpretations by the local society - a tools to control the political activism of the local notables vs a means to play a more active role in the local policy -, did not interfere with the creation of the organs of self-government, a part of the new structure to be built for the constitutional monarchy scheduled through imperial edicts on 27th August, 1908. The local activism and activities, as they are illustrated for Sichuan province through provincial and county archive documents, local gazetteers and reviews, show contradictory tendencies even as relates to some officials, and part of local communities anticipating sometimes the dispositions by the central government for the implementations of self-government, and some resistance by the people who had the right to vote in the participation to the preparatory process for the poll. However, the flourishing of self-government councils of the lower level and the fields of their interventions as representatives of the local communities show a very positive attitude on part of the local communities that continued until Yuan Shikai closed them down in 1914. This study will be concentrating on this aspect and will include, among other things, the case-study of Xuanhan county in north-western Sichuan, where a powerful local lineage played a very relevant role, taking advantage of the disruption of the provincial institutional order.

scholarly journals Marriage in the theology of Martin Luther – worldly yet sacred: An option between secularism and clericalism

2007 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Buitendag
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Martin Luther ◽  
Human Race ◽  
Adam And Eve ◽  
The Creation ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Church ◽  
Law And Gospel

Marriage, according to Martin Luther, is an institution both secular and sacred. It is secular because it is an order of this earthly life. But its institution goes back to the beginning of the human race and that makes marriage sacred, a divine and holy order. It does not – like the sacraments – nourish and strengthen faith or prepare people for the life to come; but it is a secular order in which people can prove faith and love, even though they are apt to fail without the help of the Word and the sacrament. The author applies this view of Luther in terms of two unacceptable extremes: the creation ordinances of Brunner and the analogy of relation of Barth. The dialectic of Law and Gospel should never be dispensed. Marriage is necessary as a remedy for lust, and through marriage God permits sexual intercourse. Similar is the allegory which Paul employs: that Adam and Eve, or marriage itself, is a type of Christ and the church.

MASCULINIZING THE FEMININE IN TU LUC VAN DOAN (A CASE STUDY KHAI HUNG’S COCK-HEN (TRỐNG MÁI))

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (7) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Tam Phan Thi Thanh
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Traditional Culture ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
The Feminine ◽  
Vietnamese Literature ◽  
The Creation

Concerning an issue of individual emancipation and a feminist sense in Vietnamese literature in the 1930s, Khai Hung’s Cock-Hen describes Hien as a representative of an innovative women image in compare with the traditional culture. Masculinizing rules of the feminity in the creation of a character have provided Hien most characteristics of male privileges such as a powerful body, a strong personality, and the interest in adventures and risks. Cock-Hen, thus, helps us to identify a feature of feminism in Vietnamese society in the early 20th century.

Envisioning an Ideal Christian Family in Republican China

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-215
Author(s):  
Yun Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Active Role ◽  
Republican China ◽  
Christian Community ◽  
Republican Period ◽  
Chinese Christians ◽  
The Social ◽  
Christian Family ◽  
Early Republican ◽  
Domestic Roles ◽  
Theological Thinking

Abstract Amid debates and discussions on the institution of the family in Republican China, foreign missionaries and Chinese Christians played an active role in promoting an ideal Christian family. This article investigates the three waves of prominent theological thinking that underpinned changing ideals of the Christian family throughout the Republican period: Chinese society’s encounter with the gendered ethics of the Christian community in the early Republican period, discussions of domesticity by Chinese Christians amid the social gospel movements of the 1920s, and discussions of domesticity during the National Christianizing the Home Movement. An exploration of Christian publications on domesticity points to a gendered perspective on women’s domestic roles as well as a male-dominated theological construct that attempted to reconfigure the notion of the Chinese Christian family. The discourse on the ideal Chinese Christian family had both secular and spiritual dimensions, shaped by the dynamic transnational flow of ideas and the development of local theological thinking.

Agency and Renegotiated Identities in the North Atlantic Isles

2019 ◽  
pp. 201-228
Author(s):  
Ruth A. Maher ◽  
Julie M. Bond
Keyword(s):  
Identity Formation ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Orkney Islands ◽  
The North ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Creation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Burial Rituals ◽  
Archaeological Excavations

Humans, as agents, played an active role in the creation and communication of new identities during the Viking period in the Orkney Islands and Iceland. The authors argue that environments are not merely passive backdrops to societal and identity formation but are dynamic contributors in the negotiations that take place when humans settle into new lands. The chapter will focus on the maneuvering and balancing of traditional burial rituals and beliefs within new political, economic, and cosmological landscapes. The comparison of interdisciplinary data from burials, ancient texts, archaeological excavations, and landscape surveys from both regions during the time period of the study will show how the environment aided in the creation and performance of the burial ritual and how the agents’ reshaping of the land helped to form their new identities

The ‘Deaf Ear’ of Classicism: Searching for the Female Voice in French Tragédie Lyrique

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-128
Author(s):  
SARAH NANCY
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Female Voice ◽  
The Feminine ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Voice ◽  
Artistic Performance

This article considers the paradoxical manifestations of rejection or suspicion concerning the voice and the feminine at the very moment of the creation of tragédie lyrique at the end of the seventeenth century in France. It examines the relationship between these elements and asks what they have in common that may be perceived as threatening. What is at stake is not only the period's capacity to experiment with pleasure through the elaboration of rules, but also, beyond this delimited historical perspective, the appreciation of the element of danger that is inherent in the experience of any artistic performance, and the roles played by the voice and the feminine in such an experience.

Values, credibility, and ethics: public advocacy and conservation science

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Harry F. Recher
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Policies ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Conservation Science ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Ecologically Sustainable

While it is important for conservation scientists to advise government on policy, they need to do more than give advice. Conservation scientists need to be public advocates for the creation of economies that are ecologically sustainable. To achieve sustainability conservation scientists must assume a role of leadership in the development and application of global environmental policies. Not all scientists agree with advocacy, but advocacy for conservation of the natural world means creating an ethical world, a world where all generations and people as well as all other species can share the Earth’s resources. At present that world does not exist and conservation scientists need to take a more active role in its creation.

Hidden Creators, Silent Authors

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 379-385
Author(s):  
Paola Secchin Braga
Keyword(s):  
Creative Process ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Main Issue ◽  
Contemporary Dance ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
Paris Opera ◽  
The People ◽  
Brazilian Version ◽  
The Creation

To be interpreter and at the same time creator seems to be the rule in contemporary dance. It is expected of the dancer to contribute to the making of the piece in which he will appear. Similarly, the choreographer's assistant (also referred as rehearsal assistant) has an active role in the process of creating a dance piece. This paper proposes an analysis of a creative process in which the question of authorship emerges—in our point of view—as the main issue. The onomastic pieces of French choreographer Jérôme Bel will serve as the basis of our analysis, and especially the piece called Isabel Torres, in which the interpreter and the choreographer's assistant had a much more important role in the creation than the choreographer himself. Premiered in 2005, Isabel Torres was supposed to be a Brazilian version of Véronique Doisneau (created in 2004, for the Paris Opera). The creative work made by the dancer and the rehearsal assistant made of it more than a mere version: Isabel Torres is an autonomous piece—so autonomous that Bel offered it to both dancer and assistant, to present it wherever they wished. Who signs Isabel Torres? In which terms is it presented in programs? Do dancer and assistant consider themselves as authors? How does the choreographer deal with it? The absence of the choreographer, the people involved in it, and the kind of work developed in the creative process makes us question the notion of authorship in contemporary dance pieces.

scholarly journals Debt space: Topologies, ecologies and Ramallah, Palestine

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 600-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Harker
Keyword(s):  
Economic Geography ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Extensive Range ◽  
The Creation

Debt is widely conceived as temporal – present consumption bought with future labour. This paper advances conceptualisations of debt by incorporating the active role space plays in creating, maintaining and undermining debt relations. Debts are topological binds – a particular kind of spatial connection, which are entangled with topographic spaces to produce debt ecologies. This argument is developed by tracing the creation, maintenance and/or destruction of spatial connections between different people, communities, institutions and sites in the Palestinian conurbation of Ramallah – Al Bireh. Attending to the spatiality of debt offers a better understanding of debt itself, and extends relational approaches to finance that deploy network imaginaries, which cannot account for topological spacings that fold or dissolve distance and divisions. The extensive range of time-spaces that co-constitute specific debt ecologies also reveal a more-than-economic geography, which in the context of Ramallah enfolds family and geopolitics. These entanglements emerge from a methodological approach that uses ethnography to move beyond statistical representations of debt. Thinking debt topologically also responds to postcolonial concerns about the locatedness of theory.

scholarly journals Created After, From, and For the Man?

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Von Schöneman
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
The Third ◽  
Adam And Eve ◽  
Gender Hierarchy ◽  
Feminist Discourse ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Diachronic Development

This article examines the diachronic development of Shiʿi exegetic discourse on the sentence Khalaqakum min nafs wāḥida wa-khalaqa minhā zawjahā (“created you from a single soul and created its mate from it”) in the Quranic verse 4:1, customarily read as describing the creation of the first couple, Adam and Eve. Applying feminist discourse analysis and focusing on the Arabic-language commentaries of twelve premodern Imāmī exegetes from the third/ninth to the eleventh/seventeenth century, my study reveals that the medieval commentary material both accumulated and transformed along a hermeneutical trajectory comprising three distinctive discursive stages. The first stage established the lore on Eve’s creation in dismissive terms, and the second strengthened these misogynous views to make the potential substance of Eve’s creation even more negligible. This concept was further expanded in the third discursive stage, in which the weak woman, inclined toward the material and the corporal, was seen as created to provide service and entertainment for the man. Her creation was thus used to justify gender hierarchy, even the seclusion of women.

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