The Democratic Design Framework: Relational Elements and Guiding Precepts

2021 ◽  
pp. 90-126
Author(s):  
Michael Saward
Keyword(s):  
Design Framework ◽  
Incentive Effects ◽  
Core Elements ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Systemic Design

This chapter describes key aspects of the building and explication of the new democratic design framework, extending the examination of the relations and interactions between the framework’s two core elements, principles and practices. In that context, the chapter explores procedure and proceduralism to ground subsequent accounts of procedural sequencing, ordering, phasing, and incentive effects for democratic designs. The chapter then offers a set of guiding design precepts—factors crucial to the deployment and character of the democratic design framework. The key precepts discussed are systemic design and reflexive design, the latter including the nature and importance of context to design. The complexities—the messiness—of both system and context in reality are covered in some detail.

Achieving Cultural Integration in Health Services: Design of Comprehensive Hospital Model for Traditional Healing, Medicines, Foods and Supports

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Roger Walker ◽  
Helen Cromarty ◽  
Barbara Linkewich ◽  
Douglas Semple ◽  
Natalie St. Pierre-Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Health Centre ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Traditional Healing ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Integration ◽  
Northern Ontario ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Core Elements ◽  
Key Aspects

<p>Genuine cross-cultural competency in health requires the effective integration of traditional and contemporary knowledge and practices. This paper outlines an analytical framework that assists patients/clients, providers, administrators, and policy-makers with an enhanced ability to make appropriate choices, and to find pathways to true healing while ensuring that the required care is competently, safely and successfully provided. Examples presented are primarily based on experience of the Sioux Lookout Meno Ya Win Health Centre (SLMHC), which serves a diverse, primarily Anishinabe population living in 32 Northern Ontario communities spread over 385,000 sq. km. SLMHC has a specific mandate, among Ontario hospitals, to provide a broad set of services that address the health and cultural needs of a largely Aboriginal population. We will outline our journey to date towards the design and early stages of implementation of our comprehensive minoyawin1 model of care. This includes an evaluation of the initial outcomes. This model focuses on cross-cultural integration in five key aspects of all of our services:</p><ul><li>Odabidamageg (governance and leadership).</li><li>Wiichi’iwewin (patient and client supports).</li><li>Andaw’iwewin (traditional healing practices).</li><li>Mashkiki (traditional medicines).</li><li>Miichim (traditional foods).</li></ul>The paper outlines a continuum of program development and implementation that has allowed core elements of our programming to be effectively integrated into the fabric of all that we do. Outcomes to date are identified, and potentially transferable practices are identified.

scholarly journals Antiretroviral Stewardship: A Review of Published Outcomes with Recommendations for Program Implementation

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 232595821989845
Author(s):  
Sarah M. Michienzi ◽  
Amber F. Ladak ◽  
Sarah E. Pérez ◽  
Daniel B. Chastain
Keyword(s):  
Medication Errors ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Program Implementation ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Medline Search ◽  
Persons Living With Hiv ◽  
Core Elements ◽  
Key Aspects

Persons living with HIV (PLWHs) are at high risk for medication errors when hospitalized, but antiretroviral medications are not often evaluated by antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) because they are not specifically discussed in the standards of practice. However, antiretroviral (ARV) stewardship programs (ARVSPs) have been shown to decrease medication error rates and improve other outcomes. The goal of this article is to review published literature on ARVSPs and provide guidance on key aspects of ARVSPs. A MEDLINE search using the term “antiretroviral stewardship” was conducted. Original research articles evaluating ARVSPs in hospitalized, adult PLWHs were included. Six original research articles evaluating unique inpatient ARVSPs met inclusion criteria. All 6 studies evaluating medication errors as the primary outcome found a significant reduction in errors in the postimplementation phase. Based on current standards for ASPs, we propose core elements for ARVSPs. Future organizational guidelines for antimicrobial stewardship should include official recommendations for ARV medications.

What are your “odds-of-success”? Reflecting on the role of adaptive leadership in Leicester City’s (2015/16) English Football Premier League Title win

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Development ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Leadership Capacity ◽  
Adaptive Leadership ◽  
Content Type ◽  
New Ways Of Working ◽  
Premier League ◽  
Core Elements ◽  
Building Leadership Capacity ◽  
Key Aspects

Purpose This article utilizes the concept of adaptive leadership to explore how Leicester City, a small, provincial football club, defied odds of 5000-1 to became only the sixth winners of the English Premier League. It examines two research questions: 1. can adaptive leadership be used to explain how the club developed the conditions for the team’s success? and; 2. what practical lessons can be learned from this? Design/methodology/approach This case study utilizes secondary material, published from 2011-2019, including interviews with players and staff, recordings of press conferences, club announcements, match programmes, books, magazine and newspaper articles, television reports, and social media coverage. Findings Adaptive leadership provides a mechanism for understanding the organizational change necessary for Leicester City’s title victory. Three core elements of adaptive leadership are identified: 1. the “change leader’s” deliberate decision to engage others across the organization in a process of “intelligent reflection,” to identify the required approach to address an identified organizational objective; 2. an organization-wide focus on building leadership capacity, to promote continuous improvement through personal and organizational learning; 3. a long term commitment by the most senior organizational leader to elements of the change process, thereby ensuring new ways of working became normalized over the longer term. Originality/value While theoretically well-developed, the practice of adaptive leadership remains under-researched (Yukl and Mahsud, 2010). Leicester City’s Premier League victory illustrates several key aspects of adaptive leadership in action, in a way that many people can easily relate to. The efficacious and team learning aspects of Leicester City’s success story are important for organizational development scholars and practitioners alike. In summary, the key findings and lessons within this article can be metaphorically transferred to other team-based learning organization, i.e. including and beyond the world of sport!.

Coagulation Pathways, Hemostasis, and Thrombosis in Liver Failure

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (05) ◽  
pp. 598-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Davis ◽  
Stephen Caldwell ◽  
Nicolas Intagliata
Keyword(s):  
Liver Failure ◽  
Coagulation Factor ◽  
Prognostic Scores ◽  
Coagulation Cascade ◽  
Decompensated Cirrhosis ◽  
Critically Ill Patient ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Hemostatic System ◽  
Core Elements ◽  
Key Aspects

AbstractAchieving hemostasis, preventing and treating thrombosis, and laboratory measurement of the hemostatic pathways constitute the core elements of managing the critically ill patient with liver failure. Uncontrolled bleeding in acutely decompensated cirrhosis and acute-on-chronic liver failure is probably the most familiar clinical challenge to intensivists. Bleeding in these patients can be broadly divided into pressure-driven (portal hypertension-related) bleeding with only limited dependence on hemostatic pathways and intractable mucosal/wound bleeding, which is much more directly related to a severely disturbed hemostatic system with imbalances in the coagulation cascade and the fibrinolytic system. Both types of bleeding can occur simultaneously and may even coexist with inappropriate thrombosis such as portal vein thrombosis or venous thromboembolism. Due to the fundamental role of the liver in coagulation factor synthesis and its direct and indirect regulation of nearly all aspects of the hemostatic system, laboratory measurements of coagulation pathways also constitute key aspects of all prognostic scores that guide clinical decisions and forecast optimal interventions in both acute and chronic forms of liver failure.

scholarly journals Impact by design: Planning your research impact in 7Cs

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Niall Sreenan ◽  
Saba Hinrichs-Krapels ◽  
Alexandra Pollitt ◽  
Sarah Rawlings ◽  
Jonathan Grant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Impact ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Academic Impact ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Societal Issues ◽  
King's College ◽  
Core Elements ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Policy Institute

Although supporting and assessing the non-academic “impact” of research are not entirely new developments in higher education, academics and research institutions are under increasing pressure to produce work that has a measurable influence outside the academy. With a view to supporting the solution of complex societal issues with evidence and expertise, and against the background of increased emphasis on impact in the United Kingdom’s 2021 Research Excellence Framework (REF2021) and a proliferation of impact guides and tools, this article offers a simple, easy to remember framework for designing impactful research. We call this framework: “The 7Cs of Impact” – Context, Communities, Constituencies, Challenge, Channels, Communication and Capture. Drawing on core elements of the Policy Institute at King’s College London’s Impact by Design training course and the authors’ practical experience in supporting and delivering impact, this paper outlines how this framework can help address key aspects across the lifecycle of a research project and plan, from identifying the intended impact of research and writing it into grants and proposals, to engaging project stakeholders and assessing whether the project has had the desired impact. While preparations for current and future REF submissions may benefit from using this framework, this paper sets out the “7Cs” with a more holistic view of impact in mind, seeking to aid researchers in identifying, capturing, and communicating how research projects can and do contribute to the improvement in society.

Towards an Integrated (and Possibly Pan-European?) Prima Facie Legitimacy Test: Merging the Rechtsgut Theory, the Offensività Principle, and the Harm Principle

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 241-263
Author(s):  
Lucille Micheletto
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Prima Facie ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Harm Principle ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Union Level ◽  
Core Elements ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
Key Aspects

Abstract The Anglo-American harm principle, and its European counterparts – the legal goods theory and the offensività principle – attempt to provide an answer to the question of which conducts can be prima facie legitimately criminalised. Despite the historical, conceptual, and practical differences between these criminalisation approaches, they share important elements, particularly from a functional and operational perspective. By merging the key aspects of these theories, this work elaborates an instrument to assess the prima facie legitimacy of criminalisation – the Integrated Legitimacy Test – that embeds their essential elements and further conceptualises them. The Test strives to overcome some of the criticisms directed against the Anglo-American and European theories by narrowly defining their core elements and linking them to empirical evidence. Moreover, its transnational nature makes it suitable to feed the criminalisation debate at the European Union level.

Research Design for Mixed Methods

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott F. Turner ◽  
Laura B. Cardinal ◽  
Richard M. Burton
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Mixed Methods Research ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Theory Testing ◽  
Design Framework ◽  
Design Guide ◽  
Core Elements ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Research Studies

All methods individually are flawed, but these limitations can be mitigated through mixed methods research, which combines methodologies to provide better answers to our research questions. In this study, we develop a research design framework for mixed methods work that is based on the principles of triangulation. Core elements for the research design framework include theoretical purpose, i.e., theory development and/or theory testing; and methodological purpose, i.e., prioritizing generalizability, precision in control and measurement, and authenticity of context. From this foundation, we consider how the multiple methodologies are linked together to accomplish the theoretical purpose, focusing on three types of linking processes: convergent triangulation, holistic triangulation, and convergent and holistic triangulation. We then consider the implications of these linking processes for the theory at hand, taking into account the following theoretical attributes: generality/specificity, simplicity/complexity, and accuracy/inaccuracy. Based on this research design framework, we develop a roadmap that can serve as a design guide for organizational scholars conducting mixed methods research studies.

Web-Based Financial Reporting: An Interpretative Model for Corporate Communications on Social Media

2017 ◽  
pp. 79-112
Author(s):  
Paola Ramassa ◽  
Costanza Di Fabio
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Corporate Communications ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Financial Communication ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
Interpretative Model

This paper aims at contributing to financial reporting literature by proposing a conceptual interpretative model to analyse the corporate use of social media for financial communication purposes. In this perspective, the FIRE model provides a framework to study social media shifting the focus on the distinctive features that might enhance web investor relations. The model highlights these features through four building blocks: (i) firm identity (F); (ii) information posting (I); (iii) reputation (R); and (iv) exchange and diffusion (E). They represent key aspects to explore corporate communication activities and might offer a framework to interpret to what degree corporate web financial reporting exploits the potential of social media. Accordingly, the paper proposes metrics based on this model aimed at capturing the interactivity of corporate communications via social media, with a particular focus on web financial reporting. It tries to show the potential of this model by illustrating an exploratory empirical analysis investigating to what extent companies use social media for financial reporting purposes and whether firms are taking advantage of Twitter distinctive features of interaction and diffusion.

The adaptation of design thinking in auditing

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda MEIJER-WASSENAAR ◽  
Diny VAN EST
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Design Thinking ◽  
Public Organizations ◽  
Design Framework ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Way

How can a supreme audit institution (SAI) use design thinking in auditing? SAIs audit the way taxpayers’ money is collected and spent. Adding design thinking to their activities is not to be taken lightly. SAIs independently check whether public organizations have done the right things in the right way, but the organizations might not be willing to act upon a SAI’s recommendations. Can you imagine the role of design in audits? In this paper we share our experiences of some design approaches in the work of one SAI: the Netherlands Court of Audit (NCA). Design thinking needs to be adapted (Dorst, 2015a) before it can be used by SAIs such as the NCA in order to reflect their independent, autonomous status. To dive deeper into design thinking, Buchanan’s design framework (2015) and different ways of reasoning (Dorst, 2015b) are used to explore how design thinking can be adapted for audits.

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