Multilingualism in International Business

Language situations vary in different nations. In some countries, a variety of languages are spoken; in others, a single language is used. People who have the linguistic competence to speak several languages are multilingual. What role does multilingualism play in multinational corporations? Is multilingualism a problem or a solution for international business? Does English as a lingua franca play a role in international business? How business leaders react to multilingualism or Englishization? Opinions are divided. Multilingualism has been the focus of interest in recent decades due to globalization, tourism, technology advancement, international trade, and so forth. Language barriers and linguistic diversity surfaced which may impact corporate communications in international business. Specific language policies might be needed for corporate communications. The aims of this chapter are to explore the roles of multilingualism and Englishization in international business, and to seek approaches for better corporate communications. Associated issues and problems as well as solutions and recommendations will be explored and discussed.

Corporate Communications in Contribution to Addressing Environmental Problems: Case Study of an Indonesian State Oil Company

This study aims to explain the corporate communication of state oil companies through CSR in contributing to overcoming the problems of peatland fires and coastal abrasion. This research uses a qualitative approach with case studies. Research findings indicate that Pertamina’s CSR communication targets farmer groups in dealing with peatland fires, namely establishing good relations, strengthening farmer group institutions, and connecting with other stakeholders or groups. Meanwhile, to overcome coastal abrasion, Pertamina empowers fishing groups in meetings, provides training and develops innovations to conserve mangroves. CSR communication to overcome the problem of forest fires and abrasion is carried out by developing ecotourism through community-based tourism (CBT). CSR activities are carried out with a limited area scale, so that it seems only for publication and corporate imagery. However, the company’s communication with CBT can be an effective communication model in making people aware of protecting the environment. The Peat Arboretum and Mangrove Education Center are not only tourist destinations, but also a medium of communication for environmental education for the community. Environmental communication is not only directed to the local community, school students, and youth, but also to visitors, for media coverage and discussions on social media. Corporate environmental communications must be integrated with communication channels and stakeholders to support sustainable environmental development.

Peran Social Networking Sites dalam meningkatkan Stakeholder Engagement: A Literature Review

The role of Social Networking Sites in ongoing communication becomes easier, especially to build stakeholder management and stakeholder engagement, provide information, and monitor information to manage the image and reputation of the company. This literature review aims to explore the role of Social Networking Sites in increasing stakeholder engagement. This research method is a literature review that uses journal reference sources sorted by the role of Social Network Sites in increasing Stakeholder Engagement. The results show that Social Network Sites on the platforms Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and Youtube are tools to increase engagement with internal and external stakeholders to create relationships and improve the company's image and reputation. Social Network Sites play a role in building connections, relational relationships between customers, assessing the matrix for stakeholders, assessing company performance, assessing stakeholder participation, assessing marketing strategies, building relationship relationships, and forming customer loyalty. Online activities carried out by stakeholders are related to the image of the company's reputation, so that digital public relations and corporate communications must adequately manage it.

Comunicación corporativa durante la pandemia por la COVID-19. Un análisis de las portadas de la prensa económica española durante el 2020 / Corporate communication during the COVID-19 pandemic. An analysis of the front pages of the Spanish business press in 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic that arrived in 2020 has affected the entire media landscape and also corporate communication. This research has analysed the main topics on the front pages of the three Spanish economic newspapers during 2020: Expansión, Cinco Días and El Economista. The evaluation of the main front page topics has made it possible to quantify the extent to which the pandemic has displaced the coverage devoted to corporate communications in organizations. In addition, it has been possible to observe which organizations have successfully spreading their messages and which specific issues have been most related to the pandemic. The results obtained show that the health crisis has absorbed the main topics of the front pages of the economic newspapers, leaving only half of the coverage available for other topics. Within this phenomenon of absorption, the effects on employment had the greatest prominence with a 10% presence in all the headlines analysed. The coverage on unemployment is especially important if it is related to the tourism sector, which was the industry with the highest presence on the front pages (36.6% of all topics categorized as COVID-19). The significant presence of both topics indirectly points to the important weight of tourism in the Spanish economy. However, it is not possible to state that all related topics were negative because there was also coverage focused on economic recovery (4.4%). On the other hand, in the space not occupied by the pandemic, it was observed that the coverage of the Caixabank - Bankia merger was the most important in comparison with the coverage of the rest of the organizations. This business initiative achieved 2.65% of front page topics since the pandemic began, in a scenario that was very limited. In general, mergers and acquisitions was the most important topic in 2020, as the second most covered specific topic was the failed merger between Banc Sabadell and BBVA. Telefonica was also among the companies with the most front-page coverage, although with a greater diversity of topics. The rest of the companies analysed also showed a wide variety of corporate topics as dividend management, cash flow movements and business diversification. It was also noted that the coverage achieved on the front pages maintained a business focus and wasn’t a vehicle for disseminating CSR efforts related to the pandemic. This is a very significant result because much recent literature has argued that during the pandemic, CSR has played an important role in the communication strategies of organizations. However, it seems that these actions have not been enough important to get a prominent position on the front page of Spanish business newspapers. The most important conclusion that can be drawn from this research is that corporate communication by organizations did not disappear during 2020 despite the ravages of the pandemic, but was reduced by 50%. This reduction also shows a very important effect to take into consideration. During the year 2020 organizations had to work much harder to be in the spotlight even though the economic coverage of the analysed media did not completely disappear because of the pandemic.

PERAN MARKETING PUBLIC RELATIONS DALAM MERAWAT DAN MEMPERTAHANKAN LOYALITAS DONATUR INFAQ

The Mojokerto City Infaq Development Institute (LPI) is a non-profit organization that manages zakat, infaq, and sadaqah funds. During competition between similar institutions, they compete to be more active and creative in designing donor-attraction strategies. Because it focuses on marketing activities, delivering products to donors, fostering trust, and maintaining good relations of donors, the marketing corporate communications strategy is important choice for donors' best interest. This is a qualitative design with a qualitative approach. According to the discussion on the subject, the application of marketing public relations strategy at LPI Mojokerto City also include promotion, advertising, creating an innovation, event, and sponsorship; public relations marketing strategy plays an important role in maintaining and maintaining donor loyalty, as evidenced by data on the increase in the number of regular donors every year.Keywords : Infaq Development Institute, Strategy, Marketing, Marketing Public Relations, Donor Loyalty

In The Case of False Financial Reporting/False Corporate Communications, Is it Appropriate to Identify Quantitative Thresholds that Trigger Criminal Sanctions, or is it Desirable not to Set Such Thresholds

False corporate communications characterised by the circumstance that they are punished with criminal sanctions may be governed by dual legislation: on the one hand, it is possible to identify legislations that provide for quantitative thresholds that must be exceeded to speak of a criminal offence, while in other cases, such points do not exist. This article compares the advantages and disadvantages of the two potential regulations representing the Italian legislation concerning false corporate communications before and after 2015

PERANAN KOMUNIKASI STRATEGIK MELALUI PERHUBUNGAN AWAM DALAM TALIAN DAN TREN PENGGUNAANNYA DI MALAYSIA

The advancement of online strategic communication for receiving and disseminate information by Public Relations Officers (PRO) especially the government sector has been driven by the high use of the internet among Malaysians. The use of social media as a medium of information delivery is one of the steps taken by the government to improve the quality of information delivery to ensure broad participation and involvement among the people at various levels. This is a conceptual paper based on literature research about Governmental Public Relations and dialogic communication theory. Accordingly, the theory used to explain this study is Dialogue Theory where it discusses five main aspects; mutuality, propinquity, empathy, risk and commitment. There are four (4) primary objectives for conducting this study based on independent variables of dialogue theory. This comprehensive study can help explain the extent of the impact of strategic communication via online public relations on the sustainability of corporate communications. Based on digital currents as the primary choice, the public relations strategy commonin every organization’s activity needs to be processed more critically and ideally so that society can feel the efficiency of this organization as a dynamic service provider and in line with modernity. Keywords: Dialogue Theory, Online Strategic Communication, Public Relations, Sustainability, Corporate Communication Abstrak: Perkembangan komunikasi strategik dalam talian bagi proses penerimaan dan penyampaian maklumat oleh Pegawai Perhubungan Awam (PRO) terutamanya sektor kerajaan telah didorong oleh penggunaan Internet yang tinggi dalam kalangan rakyat Malaysia. Penggunaan media sosial sebagai medium penyampaian maklumat merupakan salah satu langkah yang diambil oleh pihak kerajaan bagi mempertingkatkan kualiti penyampaian maklumat bagi memastikan penyertaan dan penglibatan yang luas dalam kalangan rakyat di pelbagai peringkat. Artikel ini berasaskan konseptual sorotan literatur berkenaan perhubungan awam dalam kerajaan dan teori komunikasi dialog. Sehubungan itu, teori yang digunakan bagi menerangkan kajian ini adalah Teori Dialog dimana ianya membincangkan lima aspek utama; mutuality (kesefahaman), propinquity (keakraban), empathy (empati), risk (risiko) dan commitment (komitmen). Terdapat empat objektif utama bagi menjalankan kajian ini berdasarkan pemboleh ubah tidak bersandar. Kajian yang menyeluruh ini dapat membantu menjelaskan sejauh mana peranan komunikasi strategik melalui perhubungan awam dalam talian terhadap kelestarian komunikasi korporat. Berlandaskan arus digital sebagai pilihan utama, strategi perhubungan awam yang menjadi kelaziman dalam setiap aktiviti organisasi ini perlu diolah dengan lebih kritis dan ideal supaya masyarakat dapat merasai aura atau pesona organisasi ini sebagai penyampai perkhidmatan yang dinamik dan sesuai dengan kemodenan era digital. Kata kunci: Komunikasi Dialog, Komunikasi strategik dalam talian, Perhubungan Awam, Kelestarian, Komunikasi Korporat

Leadership Excellence in Corporate Communications: A Multi-Group Test of Measurement Invariance

This study aims at advancing leadership research in corporate communications by introducing a more rigorous statistical approach to test whether communication professionals of different hierarchical reporting levels, years of experience, and educational backgrounds would ascribe the same meanings to the construct of leadership excellence in corporate communications via survey research. By using an established measurement model of leadership excellence in corporate communications, the study uses three samples, including senior communication executives/leaders, mid-level communication professionals, and senior college students majoring in communication and/or public relations, to conduct the measurement invariance tests. By imposing constraints to different parameters in a sequence of nested models, findings indicate that the measures of leadership excellence in corporate communications can be equivalent across multiple groups. Measurement invariance was confirmed at multiple levels, including the higher-order measurement model, configural invariance, metric invariance, scalar invariance, and error invariance. This study deepens our understanding of measurement invariance when applying multi-group comparison in testing leadership excellence. Such evidence can also be used as central principles when developing corresponding leadership training and development modules by organizations in supporting multicultural and multi-group sensitivity in leadership development. Future research and practical implications are also discussed.