Ratansi Purshottam, the Gujaratis of Muscat, and the Global Connectivity of Indian Ocean Transregional Markets

2019 ◽  
pp. 269-284
Author(s):  
Calvin H. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
East Africa ◽  
Consumer Goods ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Global Market ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Persian Gulf ◽  
Commercial Network

This chapter provides a case study of the career of Seth Ratansi Purshotam to demonstrate the role of Gujarati Banyans of Muscat, Oman in linking that port’s transregional commercial network of India, the Persian Gulf, and East Africa to the global market. Ratansi, a native of Mandvi, Kachhch, began his career as a clerk in his uncle’s shop in 1857, opened his own shop in 1867, and by the 1880s until his death in 1904 was one of the leading importers/exporters and money lenders of Muscat and a principal financier of the government of Oman as the customs farmer. During that period Ratansi joined with other Banyan, Khoja, and Arab merchants to expand and strengthen direct contacts with European and American commercial outlets for the export of Omani products, especially dates, and the import of Western manufactured consumer goods, most notably arms and ammunition.

The Maritime and Continental Networks of Kīsh Merchants under Mongol Rule: The Role of the Indian Ocean, Fārs and Iraq

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 428-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhiro Yokkaichi
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
Economic Decline ◽  
Trade Routes ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
The Persian Gulf ◽  
Mongol Rule

AbstractBased on a variety of literary and archaeological sources, notably the tariff lists produced in Rasulid Yemen, this study reconstructs the trade routes of the Kīsh merchants, demonstrating that the Persian Gulf route—between South and West India (Coromandel, Malabar, and Gujarat) and Iraq via the Persian Gulf—and the Red Sea route—between South and West India and Egypt via the Red Sea—were closely connected in the Mongol period. This not only manifests aspects of the proto-globalization in Mongol Eurasia but also argues against the supposed economic decline of post-1258 Baghdad and the economic centrality of Cairo in the post-Abbasid Muslim world.

scholarly journals The Role of Stratigraphy in Growth Strata Studies: A Case Study of the Early Cretaceous Deposits in the Persian Gulf, SW Iran

2016 ◽  
Vol 06 (12) ◽  
pp. 1513-1524
Author(s):  
Fereshth Ghaseminia ◽  
Jahanbakhsh Daneshian ◽  
Bahman Soleimany ◽  
Massih Afghah
Keyword(s):  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Growth Strata ◽  
Sw Iran ◽  
The Persian Gulf ◽  
Cretaceous Deposits

THE ROLE OF EDUCATION ON DISASTER PREPAREDNESS CASE STUDY OF 2012 INDIAN OCEAN EARTHQUAKES ON THAILAND’S

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raya Muttarak ◽  
Wiraporn Pothisiri
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Disaster Experience ◽  
Individual Household ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
The Individual

In this paper we investigate how well residents of the Andaman coast in Phang Nga province, Thailand, are prepared for earthquakes and tsunami. It is hypothesized that formal education can promote disaster preparedness because education enhances individual cognitive and learning skills, as well as access to information. A survey was conducted of 557 households in the areas that received tsunami warnings following the Indian Ocean earthquakes on 11 April 2012. Interviews were carried out during the period of numerous aftershocks, which put residents in the region on high alert. The respondents were asked what emergency preparedness measures they had taken following the 11 April earthquakes. Using the partial proportional odds model, the paper investigates determinants of personal disaster preparedness measured as the number of preparedness actions taken. Controlling for village effects, we find that formal education, measured at the individual, household, and community levels, has a positive relationship with taking preparedness measures. For the survey group without past disaster experience, the education level of household members is positively related to disaster preparedness. The findings also show that disaster related training is most effective for individuals with high educational attainment. Furthermore, living in a community with a higher proportion of women who have at least a secondary education increases the likelihood of disaster preparedness. In conclusion, we found that formal education can increase disaster preparedness and reduce vulnerability to natural hazards.

scholarly journals Case Study on the Efficiency of Recycling Companies’ Waste Paper Collection Stations in Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 11536
Author(s):  
Xiaoyue Liu ◽  
Jeongsoo Yu ◽  
Kazuaki Okubo ◽  
Masahiro Sato ◽  
Toshiaki Aoki
Keyword(s):  
Collection Efficiency ◽  
Waste Paper ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Collection System ◽  
Trade Area ◽  
Operational Characteristics ◽  
The Government ◽  
Families With Children

Each year, a large amount of waste paper (WP) is generated in Japan, and due to the change in lifestyle with the COVID-19 pandemic, the WP collection and recycling system in Japan faces new challenges. Although the government of Japan has installed WP collection systems, the efficiency of these traditional WP collection systems is too low, and this causes inconvenience to the governments, residents, and other stakeholders. On the other hand, some recycling companies in Japan are trying to establish a nontraditional WP collection system by setting their own WP collection stations in cooperative supermarkets. Yet, the efficiency of this new system has not been clarified. This research aims to investigate the current status, operational characteristics, and the role of recycling companies’ WP collection stations in the Japanese WP collection system. By performing trade area analysis and stepwise OLS regression, this research will evaluate WP collection stations’ efficiency. Moreover, this research will also discuss how the new WP collection system improves WP collection efficiency and residents’ convenience. The results show that WP collection stations efficiency is particularly high in large supermarkets with many parking spaces and long business hours, as well as in areas with many families with children. Recycling companies’ WP collection system could create a system, which can satisfy resident, government, and recycling company interests at the same time.

scholarly journals Citizen Participation in Responding to Natural Disasters Through Twitter Messages

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Rizky Pamuji ◽  
Ismiarta Aknuranda ◽  
Fatwa Ramdani
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Citizen Science ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Disaster Relief ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Citizen Involvement ◽  
The Government

Citizen participation in collect and distribute information increase the role of the citizen involvement in local issues and increasing the benefits of society for the government and the environment. The contribution of citizens can be useful in helping to deal with environment problems and assist certain parties in meeting data needs, this is commonly referred to as citizen science. In its development, citizen science involvement in providing information began to involve social media as a platform for sharing information. In this study we try to explore citizen science of Indonesia, we conduct case study exploring how citizen in Indonesia used social media such as Twitter in response to one of the country’s worst disaster in 2018 namely Lombok Earthquake. By analyzing these user generate message we may know what the response of Indonesian citizen during event and understand more about citizen science in Indonesia through social media including its role and contribution. The information also may assist local communities in obtaining up-to-date information, providing assistance according to needs of the populace and use to manage and plan disaster relief both during and after the event.

A discussion concerning the floor of the northwest Indian Ocean - The recent sedimentary facies of the Persian Gulf region

1966 ◽  
Vol 259 (1099) ◽  
pp. 291-298 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Barrier Islands ◽  
Sedimentary Facies ◽  
Dune Sand ◽  
Gulf Region ◽  
Marginal Sea ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
The Persian Gulf

The Persian Gulf, which is a shallow marginal sea of the Indian Ocean, is an excellent model for the study of some ancient troughs. It is bordered on the west by the Arabian Precambrian shield and on the east by the Persian Tertiary fold mountains. Persia is an area of extensive continental deposition. It is bordered by a narrow submarine shelf. The deeper trough of the Persian Gulf lying along the Persian Coast seaward of the shelf is floored by marly sediments. East of this, the Arabian shelf is covered with skeletal calcarenites and calcilutites. To the northwest is the Mesopotamian alluvial plain and deltaic lobe. Arabia is bordered on the Persian Gulf littoral by a coastal complex of carbonate environments. Barrier islands, tidal deltas (the site of oolitic calcarenite formation) and reefs protect lagoons where calcilutites, pelletal-calcarenites and calcilutites and skeletal calcarenites and calcilutites are forming. There are Mangrove swamps, extensive algal flats and broad intertidal flats bordering the lagoons and landward sides of the islands. A wide coastal plain, the sabkha, borders the mainland. Here evaporation and reactions between the saline waters percolating from the lagoons, and calcium carbonate deposited during a seaward regression, leads to the production of evaporitic minerals including anhydrite, celestite, dolomite, gypsum and halite. Inland, wide dune sand areas pass into the outwash plains skirting the mountain rim of Arabia.

Challenges for the Internationalization of SMEs and the Role of Government: The Case of Malaysia

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fariza Hashim
Keyword(s):  
International Market ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Market Knowledge ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
The Government ◽  
Malaysian Government

SMEs presence is significant nowadays to most economies, particularly those from emerging countries. The internationalization of these firms is no longer an option; it is indeed necessary for them to follow the wave of globalization. Despite of their constraints, Malaysian SMEs are struggling to expand into the international market and compete internationally to sustain their foothold in the country. Various factors have forced SMEs in Malaysia to engage internationally, however the ventures are arduous to be accomplished independently. As a result, the Malaysian government has initiated various efforts in supporting them to stand in the international arena. Many agencies have been established and numerous programs have been developed to encourage SMEs internationalization. This study aims to unfold the challenges faced by SMEs from emerging countries in expanding internationally by examining the business environment in the country. The study finds that, despite various supports offered by the government, Malaysian SMEs continue to struggle in the global market due various factors including market knowledge, technological and skills capabilities, and products quality.

Himantura randalli sp. nov., a new whipray (Myliobatoidea: Dasyatidae) from the Persian Gulf

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3327 (1) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER R. LAST ◽  
B. MABEL MANJAJI-MATSUMOTO ◽  
ALEC B. M. MOORE
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Birth Size ◽  
Band Shape ◽  
Disc Width ◽  
Unidentified Species ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
The Persian Gulf ◽  
Trawl Fisheries ◽  
Shape Morphometrics

A new whipray, Himantura randalli sp. nov., described from material collected off Bahrain, Kuwait and Qatar, appearsto be endemic to the Persian Gulf. It has been frequently confused with forms of the more widely distributed whiprayHimantura gerrardi Gray and other presently unidentified species from the Indian Ocean. Himantura randalli sp. nov. isdistinguished from these species by a combination of characters, i.e. disc shape, morphometrics, squamation (includingits rapid denticle development and denticle band shape), plain dorsal disc coloration, and whitish saddles on a dark tail inyoung. It is a medium-sized whipray with a maximum confirmed size of 620 mm disc width (DW) and a birth size ofaround 150–170 mm DW. Males mature at approximately 400 mm DW. Himantura randalli sp. nov. is relatively abundantin the shallow, soft-sedimentary habitats of the Persian Gulf from where it is commonly taken as low-value or discarded bycatch of gillnet and trawl fisheries.

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