Plato’s Theology

2019 ◽  
pp. 626-644
Author(s):  
David Sedley
Keyword(s):  
Physical World ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
The Other ◽  
Divine Nature ◽  
Proper Understanding ◽  
Divine Intervention ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Individual Human

This chapter examines Plato’s views on theology. Plato inherited Socrates’s conviction that a proper understanding of the divine nature is essential to human virtue and happiness. Hence, god’s essential goodness is the thesis that runs most prominently through all his theological arguments. Since this supreme goodness is manifested above all in the cosmic structures created by divine intelligence, it is understandable if Plato turns out to stick resolutely to his insistence that, for all its appearances of imperfection, from a global perspective ours is the best physical world that could ever have been created, even by a supremely powerful being. On the other hand, Plato shows less interest than Socrates did in the idea of divine intervention in individual human lives. To that extent his work in theology points forward to Aristotle, who would insulate god entirely from concern with the sublunary world.

Herbert Mac Cabe’s Philosophical Anthropology

Politeia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 238-260
Author(s):  
Franco Manni ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Philosophical Anthropology ◽  
External World ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Language System ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Individual Human

From the ideas of Aristotle, De Saussure and Wittgenstein, philosopher Herbert McCabe elaborated an original anthropology. 'Meaning' means: the role played by a part towards the whole. Senses are bodily organs and sensations allow an animal to get fragments of the external world which become 'meaningful' for the behaviour of the whole animal Besides sensations, humans are ‘linguistic animals’ because through words they are able to 'communicate', that is, to share a peculiar kind of meanings: concepts. Whereas, sense-images are stored physically in our brain and cannot be shared, even though we can relate to sense-images by words (speech coincides with thought). However, concepts do not belong to the individual human being qua individual, but to an interpersonal entity: the language system. Therefore, on the one hand, to store images is a sense-power and an operation of the brain, whereas the brain (quite paradoxically!) is not in itself the organ of thought. On the other hand, concepts do not exist on their own.

Leibniz On Form and Matter

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Garber
Keyword(s):  
Physical World ◽  
The Other ◽  
Middle Years ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Mechanical Philosophy ◽  
Other Hand

AbstractThis paper discusses the Aristotelian notions of matter and form as they are treated in the philosophy of Leibniz. The discussion is divided into three parts, corresponding to three periods in Leibniz's development. In the earliest period, as exemplified in a 1669 letter to his former mentor Jakob Thomasius, Leibniz argues that matter and form can be given straightforward interpretations in terms of size and shape, basic categories in the new mechanical philosophy. In Leibniz's middle years, on the other hand, as exemplified in the Discourse on Metaphysics and the correspondence with Arnauld, Leibniz seems to hold a more orthodox Aristotelian view of matter and form as the constituents of the corporeal substances that ground the reality of the physical world. In Leibniz's latest years, as discussed in the letters with Des Bosses, matter and form enter once again in connection with the vinculum substantiale, the substantial bond that is supposed to bind monads together to form corporeal substances.

Aristotelianism, Newtonianism and the Physics of the Layman

Perception ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benny Shanon
Keyword(s):  
Physical World ◽  
The Other ◽  
Scientific Theories ◽  
Philosophy Of Nature ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The World ◽  
The One

Written and visual surveys were administered in order to assess people's models of the physical world. A comparison was made between scientific theories and the layman's philosophy of nature on the one hand, and between people's conceptions and perceptions on the other hand. The findings suggest that there are discrepancies on both levels: people do not conceive the world as physicists do, and their conceptions are different from their perceptions.

scholarly journals FORMATION OF MENTALITY IN SHAMANISTIC SOCIETIES OF THE NANAI PEOPLE

2021 ◽  
pp. 70-77
Author(s):  
TATIANA D. BULGAKOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Goal Setting ◽  
Physical World ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Real ◽  
Spiritual World ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Cultural Reality

The generalization of the field material collected by the author allowed to identify two groups of interrelated factors that form the mentality of those Nanai people who practice shamanism. There were two principles identified, the goal-setting and detecting the resources required to achieve the desired results. On the one hand, an irrational worldview, the idea of the accessibility of the space of the spiritual world and the characters inhabiting it (spirits), is specific to the mentality of shamanists. On the other hand, the basis of the mentality of shamanists is the priority of the principle of pragmatism (utility), that is, the desire to consider the spiritual invisible reality as a resource available for solving those problems that arise in the real physical world. The mentality formed at the intersection of the principles of irrationality and utility has a significant sociogenetic potential, its effect extends to those aspects of the socio-cultural reality that are outside of the actual shamanic practice...

O pojęciu „historyczności” według Karla Jaspersa oraz Carla Gustava Junga

2021 ◽  
pp. 197-212
Author(s):  
Izabela Szyroka ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Common Point ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Karl Jaspers ◽  
Hand Shaping ◽  
Historical Reality ◽  
Original Response ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Individual Human ◽  
Historical World

I shall try to consider comparatively the notion of “historicity” in the sense given to it by Karl Jaspers and Carl Gustaw Jung in their “philosophies of history”, which were an original response to the crisis of modern historical scientificated consciousness. On the basis of Jaspers’ „Vom Ursprung und der Ziel der Geschichte” as well as Jung’s „Über die Entwicklung der Persönli- chkeit” I intend to explore a common point of their philosophical positions, which is: an individual historical existence, belonging as he/she does to the historical world that enters his/her life in a particular form, and, on the other hand, shaping the general historical reality through picking out and revealing the meanings and opportunities waiting to be unearthed in the sphere of his- toricity. Their concept of individual human being that, paradoxically, is just as much a historical existence in history as it remains outside history.

scholarly journals A Systematic Mapping Study on Requirements Engineering in Software Ecosystems

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aparna Vegendla ◽  
Anh Nguyen Duc ◽  
Shang Gao ◽  
Guttorm Sindre
Keyword(s):  
Quality Attributes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Systematic Mapping Study ◽  
Mapping Study ◽  
Proper Understanding ◽  
Software Ecosystems ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Quality Aspects ◽  
Innovation Processes

Software ecosystems (SECOs) and open innovation processes have been claimed as a way forward for the software industry. A proper understanding of requirements is as important for SECOs as for more traditional ones. This article presents a mapping study on the issues of RE and quality aspects in SECOs. Our findings indicate that among the various phases or subtasks of RE, most of the SECO specific research has been accomplished on elicitation, analysis, and modeling. On the other hand, requirement selection, prioritization, verification, and traceability has attracted few published studies. Among the various quality attributes, most of the SECOs research has been performed on security, performance and testability. On the other hand, reliability, safety, maintainability, transparency, usability attracted few published studies. The article provides a review of the academic literature about SECO-related RE activities, modeling approaches, and quality attributes, positions the source publications in a taxonomy of issues and identifies gaps where there has been little research.

“Never the Right Food”

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 84-106
Author(s):  
Michial Farmer
Keyword(s):  
Physical World ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The World ◽  
Wise Blood ◽  
God's Call ◽  
The Right ◽  
Desperate Attempt

Flannery O’Connor’s first novel, Wise Blood, and John Updike’s second, Rabbit, Run, both deal with the convergences and divergences of the physical and material worlds. Both feature characters who are driven by instinctual longings for or away from divinity, and both feature complicated relationships between their characters and the gods they seek and flee. But the conclusions drawn by these two novels are contradictory. O’Connor’s Hazel Motes, in his desperate attempt to escape from God’s call, ends up performing a painful bodily penance and presumably finds God present in his suffering. Updike’s Harry Angstrom, on the other hand, does his best to find God’s active presence in the world but ends up alienated from that presence, subsumed in the physical world in which he seeks it. This paper seeks an answer for this divergence in endings.

Perception and Judgment

Dialogue ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
Paul Rowntree Clifford
Keyword(s):  
Physical World ◽  
The Other ◽  
Crucial Issue ◽  
Considerable Difficulty ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Senses

Is Perception a form of judgment? The importance of this question is that it brings to the fore a crucial issue for modern perceptionempiricism. If perception is not a form ofjudgment, it is possible o t maintain, though still with considerable difficulty, that the senses acquaint us directly with the physical world and that a metaphysical account of reality can be excluded without undermining what the ordinary layman and the scientist alike claim to know. Judgment can then be discussed from the linguistic standpoint without raising any serious ontological questions. If, on the other hand, perception is judgment, or if in perceiving we inevitably go beyond that which is presented to the senses, then metaphysics is unavoidable unless we are prepared to abandon the hope of knowing anything at all.

Animal Liberationist Responses to Non-Anthropogenic Animal Suffering

2006 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Thornhill ◽  
Michael Morris
Keyword(s):  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
The Other ◽  
Individual Animal ◽  
Animal Suffering ◽  
Animal Liberation ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Individual Human

AbstractAnimal liberationists generally pay little attention to the suffering of animals in the wild, and it is arguable that this is a significant proportion of the total amount of animal suffering. We examine a range of different responses of animal liberationists to the issue of non-anthropogenic suffering, but find none of them entirely satisfactory. Responses that lead logically to the conclusion that anthropogenic suffering should be eliminated can apply equally logically to the suffering of animals in the wild. On the other hand, the solution of micro-managing habitats to prevent suffering is counter-intuitive, and on closer examination eliminates the intrinsic value of animals' lives. On balance, the approach that we favour is acceptance of the intrinsic value of individual animal lives, extending this from either individual human lives (as accepted predominantly by theists), or from biodiversity, species and ecosystems (as currently accepted by ecocentric philosophies). We also suggest that the combination of animal liberation and environmentalism only really makes sense in the context of a belief in the redeemable qualities of nature, as expressed in quasi-Hindu terms or in terms of some Biblical animal liberationist worldviews.

scholarly journals Relations and Panpsychism

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 32-35
Author(s):  
C. Rovelli
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Physical World ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Relational Aspect

Twentieth-century physics has revealed a pervasive relational aspect of the physical world. This fact is relevant in view of some of the motivations for panpsychism. In fact, it may be seen as a vindication of the panpsychist idea of a monist continuity where some aspects of consciousness's perspectivalism are universal. On the other hand, this same fact may undermine some of the motivations for more marked forms of panpsychism.

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