Sociology of the Sacred

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Moebius
Keyword(s):  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Sociology Of Religion ◽  
Theory Of Action ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
The Gift ◽  
Collège De Sociologie

This article analyzes three key stages in the development of the sociology of the sacred: the Durkheim school, the Collège de Sociologie, and the work of Hans Joas. First, it shows that the Collège de Sociologie was deeply influenced by the Durkheimians’ studies on religion and the gift but interpreted them in a very specific way. Whereas the Collège and the Durkheim school agree on the importance of the sacred for social cohesion, they disagree on other important theoretical, methodological, and political issues. Second, it compares Hans Joas’s studies on sacralization processes to the Durkheimian sociology of religion and the sacred sociology of the Collège. It argues that Joas’s analyses, even though they are inspired by Durkheim, in particular go beyond the Durkheim school and the Collège in three respects: (a) they provide an account of the articulation of the experience of the sacred; (b) they ground sacralization processes in a theory of action; and (c) they contextualize sacralization processes in terms of a sociology of institutions and power.

Bataille, Georges Albert Maurice Victor (1897–1962)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent P. Pecora
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Sexual Pleasure ◽  
Marquis De Sade ◽  
French Writer ◽  
The Gift ◽  
History Of ◽  
Collège De Sociologie ◽  
Theory Of Value ◽  
Moral Economic ◽  
Political Value

Georges Bataille (September 10, 1897–July 9, 1962) was a French writer who synthesized ideas from many disciplines. He converted to Catholicism at the start of World War I, joined a seminary, and had abandoned the Church by 1920, entering into psychoanalysis and also suffering from tuberculosis. He embarked on a pilgrimage to transgression, combining sadistic pain, sexual pleasure, and the sacred ecstasy of sacrifice. By day, he was a librarian at the Bibliothèque nationale, focusing on medieval artefacts; his nights he devoted to brothels. He drew ideas from Gilles de Rais, the Marquis de Sade, Friedrich Nietzsche, Marcel Mauss, and Alexandre Kojève’s reading of Hegel. Bataille was a dissenting surrealist, finally breaking with André Breton after they formed the anti-fascist Contre-attaque circle. Bataille, Michel Leiris, and Roger Caillois founded the Collège de Sociologie (1937–1939), devoted to sacred forms of transgression, and the journal Acéphale. His major novels, Histoire de l’oeil [Story of the Eye] and Le Bleu du Ciel [Blue of Noon], later achieved cult status. Bataille developed Mauss’ work on the gift and potlatch into a notion of dépense [expenditure], rejecting the utilitarian labor theory of value ("restricted economy") for the idea that sexual, moral, economic, and political value is produced by the glorious "general economy" of waste and destruction. Bataille applied this idea to fascist psychology and throughout La Part maudite [The Accursed Share], his grandiose history of economics, the scapegoat, and the dépense of the Marshall Plan after WWII.

scholarly journals POLA KEBERAGAMAAN MASYARAKAT MARGINAL

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-81
Author(s):  
Ahmad Muttaqin
Keyword(s):  
Sociology Of Religion ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Theory Of Action ◽  
Correctional Institution ◽  
Sociological Analysis ◽  
Distinctive Character ◽  
Sociological Approach ◽  
Religious Rituals ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
Major Consideration

Abstract: This study examines the issue of the sociology of religion at the religious practices of local communities. Kampung Laut selected as a test site for two (2) major consideration. First, the practice of religion in the fom of ritual in Kampung Laut is different from the mainstream that is considered wrong and become targets for streamlining activities. Second, the typical characteristics of Kampung Laut people in the vortex of conflict govemment agencies on claims of ownership of natural resources. Correctional Institution (LP) as part of Kemenkumham, Cilacap regency govemment and PT. Perhutani conflict over land ownership arising from sedimentation along Segara Anak. Conflicts that exist tend to be maintained to a certain political interests. Even more, these institutions construct public issue by positioning Kampung Laut as threatening communities via label illegal loggers and destroyers of ecosystems. Bad image fomed through a process of marginalization is then formed the distinctive character of the community as a community of Kampung Laut resistant and latent. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative sociological approach. Through sociological analysis, practice different religious rituals that seem to have rationalization based on the theory of action Weber in the category of value-oriented rationality. Different actions with mainstream thought to have more benefits in the context of the struggle for existence of identity in the practice of marginalization carried out by institutions conflictual. Religiorn becomes the entry point of this issue given its massive, communal, and mobilized by the transcendental values. Keywords: Religion, Conflict, Ritual, Mainstream.

scholarly journals A concepção de trabalho na obra “A Ética Protestante e o Espírito do Capitalismo” e o conceito de trabalho para o franciscanismo à luz de Giorgio Agamben / The conception of work in the work "Protestant Ethics and the Spirit of Capitalism" and the concept of work for Franciscanism in the light of Giorgio Agamben

Profanações ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
Joan Helder Santos
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Sociology Of Religion ◽  
Fundamental Characteristic ◽  
Giorgio Agamben ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Spirit Of Capitalism ◽  
The Difference ◽  
John Xxii

O presente artigo tem como característica fundamental a análise do conceito de trabalho na obra A Ética Protestante e o Espírito do Capitalismo e o conceito de trabalho bem como pobreza no debate franciscano ocorrido no século XIII. Com efeito, o debate a cerca das questões proeminentes do espírito do capitalismo nos tempos atuais estão sendo levantadas por muitos estudiosos principalmente na área da filosofia política e da sociologia da religião. De outro modo, é comum entre os filósofos medievais disputas a cerca de problemas sobre questões políticas tais como poder e domínio. De fato, é relevante a investigação de como estas questões acerca do trabalho, poder e domínio nos medievais ressoam ainda nos tempos hodiernos. Pretendemos investigar neste artigo a diferença dos conceitos de trabalho entre o movimento franciscano e o protestantismo. Recorreremos principalmente ao debate sobre a pobreza na escola franciscana de filosofia que ocorreu no século XIII, com João XXII e Guilherme de Ockham. AbstractThis article has as fundamental characteristic the analysis of the concept of work in the work Protestant Ethics and the Spirit of Capitalism and the concept of work as well as poverty in the Franciscan debate occurred in the thirteenth century. Indeed, the debate about the prominent issues of the spirit of capitalism in the present times is being raised by many scholars mainly in the area of political philosophy and the sociology of religion. Otherwise, it is common among medieval philosophers to quarrel about problems on political issues such as power and domination. Indeed, it is relevant to investigate how these questions about work, power, and dominance in the medieval still resonate in modern times. We intend to investigate in this article the difference of the concepts of work between the Franciscan movement and Protestantism. We will focus mainly on the debate on poverty in the Franciscan school of philosophy that took place in the thirteenth century, with John XXII and Guillaume de Ockham.

scholarly journals RESIPROSITAS TRADISI MEMBALAS AMPLOP PESTA PERNIKAHAN “TOMPANGAN” TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KOHESI SOSIAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Noer Azizah ◽  
Sudirman Sudirman ◽  
Burhanuddin Susamto
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Processing ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Classification Analysis ◽  
The Gift ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Village ◽  
Empirical Methodology

Abstract: This tradition is a form of donation in the form of goods or jaza and money to people who have a celebration or wedding party. In ancient times before the popularity of tompangan, which were considered as public debts, they contributed as solidarity and without any promises they were considered as debts. The gift is recorded in a book or receipt as evidence to repay the gift it receives. Modernization, marked by advances in science and technology, has eroded the form and meaning of reciprocity in the tradition of replying to the “tompangan” wedding envelope in the midst of the Ambunten community of Bukabu village. The research used is juridical empirical methodology, the approach used is a qualitative approach, data obtained using interviews and documentation and for data processing using editing techniques, classification, analysis and conclusions. The purpose of this study was to understand the reciprocity of tompangan to increase social cohesion in the village of Bukabu so that until now the tompangan tradition is still being implemented. From the data analysis, it can be concluded that the tompangan tradition in a wedding party is a maslahah that directly maintains the aim of the sayara '. When viewed from the point of view of its strength as evidence in the stipulation of law, it includes maslahah hajiyah.Keywords: Reciprocity; Tompangan; Social Cohesion.Abstrak: Tradisi tompangan telah menjadi adat yang sangat kental bagi masyarakat Desa Bukabu. Tradisi tersebut merupakan sebuah bentuk sumbangan yang berupa barang atau jaza dan uang kepada orang yang punya hajatan atau pesta pernikahan. Pada zaman dulu sebelum terkenalnya tompangan yang dianggap sebagai hutang piutang masyarakat menyumbang sebagai solidaritas dan tanpa adanya janji yang dianggap sebagai utang-piutang. Pemberian tersebut dicatat dalam buku atau kwitansi sebagai bukti untuk membalas pemberian yang diterimanya. Modernisasi yang ditandai dengan kemajuan iptek telah meggerus bentuk dan makna dalam resiprositas tradisi membalas amplop pernikahan “tompangan” ditengah masyarakat Ambunten desa Bukabu. Penelitian yang dipakai ialah metodelogi yuridis empiris, pendekatan yang digunakan ialah pendekatan kualitatif, data yang diperoleh menggunakan wawancara dan dokumentasi dan untuk pengolahan data menggunakan tehnik edit, klasifikasi, analisis dan kesimpulan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk memahami resiprositas tompangan tehadap peningkatan kohesi sosial di desa Bukabu sehingga sampai saat ini tradisi tompangan tersebut masih dilaksanakan. Dari analisa data maka bisa disimpulkan bahwa tradisi tompangan dalam pesta pernikahan merupakan sebuah maslahah yang secara langsung memelihara tujuan sayara’. Jika dilihat dari segi kekuatannya sebagai hujjah dalam penetapan hukum maka termasuk maslahah hajiyah.Kata Kunci: Resiprositas; Tompangan; Kohesi Sosial.

Production of New and Revised A.A.V.S.O. Charts

1979 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 368
Author(s):  
Clinton B. Ford
Keyword(s):  
Variable Star ◽  
Standard Form ◽  
Original Data ◽  
University Of Pennsylvania ◽  
Standard Format ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
The Gift ◽  
The University

A “new charts program” for the Americal Association of Variable Star Observers was instigated in 1966 via the gift to the Association of the complete variable star observing records, charts, photographs, etc. of the late Prof. Charles P. Olivier of the University of Pennsylvania (USA). Adequate material covering about 60 variables, not previously charted by the AAVSO, was included in this original data, and was suitably charted in reproducible standard format.Since 1966, much additional information has been assembled from other sources, three Catalogs have been issued which list the new or revised charts produced, and which specify how copies of same may be obtained. The latest such Catalog is dated June 1978, and lists 670 different charts covering a total of 611 variables none of which was charted in reproducible standard form previous to 1966.

The Gift: Cochlear Implant Brings A Year of Change

ASHA Leader ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
Susan Boswell
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
The Gift

The Return of the Gift

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry Liebersohn
Keyword(s):  
The Gift
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