Investments by Emerging-Market Multinationals in Other Emerging Markets

2018 ◽  
pp. 630-656
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Daniel Shapiro
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Multinational Enterprises ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Investment Strategy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Foreign Direct Investments

This chapter reviews the literature on foreign direct investments among emerging economies (E-E FDI), focusing on the motivations behind E-E FDI, country-specific advantages and firm-specific advantages associated with emerging-economy multinational enterprises (EMNEs), and spillover effects of E-E FDI on host-country economic and institutional development. We identify the following topics as posing important questions for future research: EMNEs’ ability to leverage home-government resources and diplomatic connections to promote investment in other emerging economies; nonmarket strategies of EMNEs in emerging economies; ownership and corporate governance affecting investment strategy and performance of EMNEs; E-E FDI contributions to sustainable development in host countries. Future studies should also consider potential heterogeneity among EMNEs by integrating insights from institutional theory, network theory, political science, corporate governance, corporate social responsibility, and sustainable-development research.

scholarly journals Public health and corporate social responsibility: exploratory study on pharmaceutical companies in an emerging market

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Dănescu ◽  
Maria-Alexandra Popa
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Corporate Social

Abstract Background Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is studied from many perspectives and has gained unprecedented importance in recent years, especially in emerging economies. Pharmaceutical companies play a very important role in a population’s well-being and health through the CSR and corporate governance practices that they apply. Methods We used an exploratory approach to measure compliance with the Corporate Governance Code of pharmaceutical companies listed on the Romanian capital market and with practices declared through CSR. Results The results show that pharmaceutical companies are involved in actions that consider the well-being of society by offering financial support and managing various sustainable projects, targeting social and economic issues, leading public health awareness campaigns, and investing in health projects. Conclusion This study highlights the increasingly important role played by corporate governance and corporate social responsibility in pharmaceutical companies in improving public health in countries with emerging economies.

Internationalization of Emerging-Market Multinationals

2020 ◽  
pp. 231-248
Author(s):  
Alvaro Cuervo-Cazurra ◽  
Alicia Rodríguez ◽  
C. Annique Un
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Multinational Enterprises ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Frugal Innovation ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Emerging Market Multinationals ◽  
Firm Internationalization

This chapter analyzes the internationalization of emerging-market multinational enterprises (EMNEs) to clarify past contributions and outline suggestions for future research. We critically review the novelty of the phenomenon associated with the foreign expansion of firms from emerging markets, the new theoretical concepts introduced from analyzing these firms, and the new explanations related to their internationalization. We propose that future research can advance our understanding of these firms by studying how the underdevelopment of the home country’s economy and institutions influences firm internationalization. We specifically discuss four areas that can yield promising insights for internationalization research: frugal innovation, contractual innovation, upgrading escape, and institutional escape.

FDI Spillovers at the National and Subnational Level: The Impact on Product Innovation by Chinese Firms

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Dong Chen ◽  
Daniel M. Shapiro
Keyword(s):  
Product Innovation ◽  
Knowledge Spillovers ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
National Level ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Foreign Direct Investments ◽  
Chinese Firms ◽  
Fdi Spillovers ◽  
Foreign Presence ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWe investigate the degree to which the presence of inward foreign direct investments (FDI) influences product innovation by emerging market firms. We begin with FDI spillover effects at the national level, the common approach in the literature. We further examine spillover effects at the subnational level because knowledge spillovers have been found to be localized. We study both intra-industry and inter-industry FDI spillovers in a subnational location, based on the distinction in the cluster literature between Marshall–Arrow–Romer specialization externalities and Jacobian diversification externalities. Using information from more than 346,000 Chinese manufacturing firms from 2000 to 2006, we find that Chinese firms improve product innovation when they are located in cities with concentrated foreign innovative activities in the same industry. These intra-industry spillover benefits decrease quickly, however, as foreign presence increases and, at high levels of foreign concentration, are dominated by the crowding-out effect. We also find evidence of inter-industry spillover benefits in a city; diversity of industries with a foreign presence contributes to product innovation by Chinese firms.

Foreign direct investments, democracy, and economic growth in Turkey

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazif Durmaz
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Cointegration Analysis ◽  
Foreign Direct Investments ◽  
Bounds Testing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Long Run

Purpose In the last decade, foreign direct investment (FDI) flows have increased dramatically in the world, especially in the emerging economies. Some of these countries make changes in their market conditions that will improve the civil rights and liberties to attract better FDI flows. The purpose of this paper is to test the linkage between democracy and FDI flows to Turkey. Design/methodology/approach The present study employs a bounds testing procedure developed (Pesaran et al., 2001) for cointegration analysis on six different long-run models with selected determinants of FDIs with yearly data from 1977 to 2011. Findings The intuition the paper empirically provides how improvements in democracy have a significant positive impact on FDI flows to Turkey. The results may also put forward that, in the long run, FDI inflows will have spillover effects in Turkey’s economy. Research limitations/implications Although one drawback in the study is having a small sample size of 35 observations, estimating six different long-run models is one way to overcome it. Thus presented results may be in short of simplification for some readers. This, however, opens an opportunity for future studies to further the proposal by employing in different models and/or longer data sets if possible. Practical implications A stable government policies, more civil freedom, and sustained institution politics should not be ignored in Turkey given its geopolitical location. Originality/value This paper satisfies the established need to study of democracy and FDI flows link is necessary in an emerging market such as Turkey.

scholarly journals Do Egyptian listed companies support SDGs? Evidence from UNCTAD guidance on core indicators disclosures

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. Abdel-Meguid ◽  
Khaled M. Dahawy ◽  
Nermeen F. Shehata
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
Reporting Standards ◽  
Regulatory Enforcement ◽  
Political Will ◽  
The Status ◽  
Development Goals

This paper provides an exploratory analysis of the extent of Sustainable Development Goals disclosure (SDGD) by the top 30 Egyptian companies. We use the 33 core indicators of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), which span economic, institutional, social, and environmental areas. Overall, the results suggest that SDGD in Egypt is still gaining traction, as indicated by a relatively low average disclosure score of only 25%, which translates to approximately eight indicators. We also document a variation in SDGD among the four areas, where disclosure addressing economic and institutional indicators is higher than that of social and environmental areas. This variation could be attributed to the differential regulatory and legal intensity. Disclosure is most noticeable for taxes, employment, women empowerment, financial transparency, corporate governance, and energy. We argue that Egypt has the legislative infrastructure and clear political will from the state to support sustainable development. However, there is a need for coordinated awareness efforts to establish a culture of sustainable development among various stakeholders, including businesses. Finally, there should be a stronger conviction regarding the importance of information sharing as well as comprehensive reporting standards and enhanced regulatory enforcement. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper to address the status of SDGD in Egypt. Accordingly, there is a need for future research that analyzes both the determinants of SDGD and its consequences

scholarly journals Corporate governance and firm performance in the emerging market: A review of the empirical literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-111
Author(s):  
Isaac Francis Antwi ◽  
Carla Carvalho ◽  
Cecília Carmo
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Firm Performance ◽  
Audit Committee ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Research Trend ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Experience

After decades of many corporate scandals and financial meltdowns, the quest for effective corporate governance and firm performance has raised the concern of a lot of academicians, practitioners, and researchers regarding articles written on this issue. This study seeks to review corporate governance and firm performance articles written in Ghana under the author’s keywords in order to fulfill the objective. The goal is to identify the research trend and then to suggest the idea of future research directions. The study has conducted a review of corporate governance research by searching at Scopus and Web of Science research databases from 2006 to 2020 to prepare the list of articles. A comprehensive review of recent corporate governance and firm performance literature is essential because it provides a basis for comparing Ghana’s corporate governance research experience with other emerging economies in other continents. The findings reveal that two keywords on corporate governance analysed in this study – board composition and ownership – have many written articles, while compensation has the least number of articles. However, in the future, gender diversity and audit committee may be investigated since it has received global attention.

Chinese multinationals’ FDI motivations: suggestion for a new theory

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byung Il Park ◽  
Taewoo Roh
Keyword(s):  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Foreign Direct Investments ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Chinese Mncs

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to complement the conventional international business (IB) theory, the OLI perspective, which is good at explaining the foreign direct investments (FDIs) undertaken by developed market multinational corporations (DMNCs). This study also suggests a new theoretical framework, namely, the OILL paradigm, that is able to encompass FDIs from emerging market multinational corporations (EMNCs) toward developed economies. Design/methodology/approach The data comprising 206 Chinese MNCs, which completed international mergers and acquisitions (IMAs), were obtained from Zephyr. By using these data, logical regressions are conducted to statistically confirm that we should not omit the learning motivation if we want to adequately understand the FDI phenomenon by encompassing investment flow from developing (or emerging) to developed countries. Findings The results based on this data set indicate that EMNCs often try to enter developed economies with the motivation to seek sophisticated foreign host knowledge that is not available internally. In particular, they tend to use IMA strategies when they want to learn from heterogeneity (i.e. inter-industry mergers and acquisitions) and absorb advanced technologies from DMNCs. Research limitations/implications By shedding light on the recent new trend in FDI (i.e. FDI from emerging countries to developed economies), the study provides useful theoretical implications, as well as suggesting scholarly contributions. However, we should acknowledge that there are some limitations to this study. First, the study explores only Chinese MNCs. Second, learning motivations need to be minutely and precisely measured by other studies. Third, this study argues that FDI from EMNCs to DMNCs is triggered by the former’s motivation concerning knowledge acquisition. However, the type of knowledge should be considered, and this is perhaps another avenue for future research. Practical implications Conventional IB theories, such as the OLI paradigm and internalization theory, have long sought to answer the question of why DMNCs go for foreign markets, in spite of the presence of the liabilities of foreignness, and focused on their main investment motivations (i.e. market-seeking, efficiency-seeking and resource-seeking motivations). For this reason, these theories do not adequately capture the primary FDI motivations of EMNCs, and consequently, they are unable to see the big picture when it comes to the FDI phenomenon. Based on this idea, the authors complement the well-known triad motivations (i.e. market-seeking, efficiency-seeking and resource-seeking motivations) by adding the knowledge-seeking motive and contribute to the evolution of IB theories by suggesting a new theory, which is the OILL paradigm. Originality/value The study contributes to the extant literature in the field of IB in two key ways. First, it examines EMNCs’ central motivations in conducting FDI where empirical research is sparse. By doing this, this paper attempts to solve the query indicated above (i.e. why MNCs choose FDI in spite of the presence of the liabilities of foreignness), and it offers a new theory (i.e. the OILL paradigm).

Corporate Governance and Voluntary Disclosure: A Synthesis of Empirical Studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-138
Author(s):  
Rupjyoti Saha ◽  
K. C. Kabra
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Voluntary Disclosure ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Legal Enforcement ◽  
The Relationship

Voluntary disclosure (VD) is considered potentially important for efficient functioning of the capital market as it communicates firms’ performance and governance to shareholders and potential investors, which boost their confidence. This article attempts to provide a brief conceptual framework of VD and corporate governance (CG), and also reviews the empirical literature dealing with relationship between them. To this end, the article uses systematic electronic literature search method, which takes into account 65 empirical studies published over the period 1998–2018. An investigation of empirical findings points to some factors that may have contributed toward the apparent inconsistent findings observed to date. In particular, the article focuses on two intervening factors for variation of results—such as CG system and measurement of explanatory variables. The findings suggest that studies mostly from Anglo-Saxon system (ASS) show complementary relationship between different attributes of CG with VD, whereas in case of communitarian system, studies mostly depict an insignificant impact of CG attributes on VD except for few studies showing their positive/negative impact on VD. However, in case of emerging market system (EMS), some studies show substitutive relationship between board independence (BI) and VD while other CG attributes such as board size (BS), (GD), and audit committee independence (ACI) in most of the studies complement VD supporting the resource-based perspective. Furthermore, the association of ownership structure (OS) and role duality (RD) with VD is mixed. Another factor, which is considered to be added to variation of results, is measurement of explanatory variables whereby albeit studies employed same concepts, operational definition of variables intervenes into the relationship between CG and VD. The findings of this article provide some deeper insights about the complementary and substitutive relationships between CG and VD by integrating diverse empirical findings under different research contexts. Future research can extend to analyze some other institutional factors like investors’ protection rights and legal enforcement, which might also have played some role in influencing the relationship between CG and VD. Furthermore, it is also evident from the review that BS and BI are the most commonly studied CG attributes in relation to VD, whereas attributes like GD and ACI, despite their theoretical relevance and practical importance are least studied in relation to VD, thus signaling the need to focus on these attributes in future studies.

scholarly journals UNDERSTANDING INTERNALIZATION THEORY AND MULTINATIONAL ENTERPRISES FROM EMERGING ECONOMIES IN BUSINESS HISTORY PERSPECTIVE

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 31-33
Author(s):  
Anteneh Dagnachew Sewenet
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Multinational Enterprises ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Business History ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Internalization Theory ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Emerging Multinationals ◽  
Paper Review

This review paper is focused on applying and advancing the Internalization theory to address some of the most current gaps. This paper draws together and synthesizes the lessons learned from the various papers on internalization theory integrated with a business history perspective in this special issue.The review, therefore, is providing a comprehensive understanding of the internalization theory and how it will accommodate the issue of multinationals from emerging economies. To this end, the core point of this paper review focused on demonstrating how to better understand internalization theory and to show how the general internalization theory could be applicable in emerging economy multinationals. While discussing internalization theory and emerging multinationals important insights revealed complementing the business theory with business history to rethink using this two for current business phenomena. Finally, the paper discusses potential avenues for future research and conclusions.

scholarly journals Snapshot and Trends of Corporate Governance Research in the Past 5 Years: Statistics and Visual Analysis Based on CiteSpace

2020 ◽  
pp. 120-129
Author(s):  
Oleh Pasko ◽  
◽  
Fuli Chen ◽  
Xuefeng Yao ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Family Firms ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Hotspots

Corporate governance is not only one of the important issues of modern enterprise management, but also a hot topic in academic research. Bibliometric analysis of the current status of global corporate governance research in the past five years can help researchers and decision-makers grasp the main trends in corporate governance at present and in the future. The purpose of this research is to analyze the current status, hot spots and trends of corporate governance research in the past five years. Using the core collection of the WOS database as the data source, we searched English language journals related to corporate governance and obtained 607 literature search results. We utilize bibliometric methods and use CiteSpace to conduct statistical analysis and visual analysis. Through statistical literature publication year, country (region), author and literature citation situation, draw keyword co-occurrence map, research hotspot map, clustering map, burst hotspot map, systematically show the corporate governance research field in the past 5 years Basic information, research hotspots and development trends.The research results show that the number of corporate governance-related documents has continued to increase in the past five years. The United States, the United Kingdom, China, Spain, and Australia are the five countries with the largest number of corporate governance studies. The top 5 most cited authors are M.C. Jensen, A. Shleifer, E.F. Fama, R.La. Porta and P. Gompers. Among the top 10 most cited documents, the most cited are 178 words and the least cited 65 times. Research hotspots in corporate governance include agency theory, emerging market, capital structure, family firms, and real earnings management. Future research trends include merger, ownership concentration, equity and institution.

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