The Development of Innovation Studies in China

2021 ◽  
pp. 72-89
Author(s):  
Rongping Mu ◽  
Jin Chen ◽  
Rebecca Wenjing Lyu
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Innovation Management ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Research Review ◽  
Organization Studies ◽  
Innovation Studies ◽  
Origin And Evolution ◽  
Holistic Review ◽  
Indigenous Innovation

Innovation studies (IS) has been an interdisciplinary research field over decades of development, based on economics, business and management, sociology, policy, organization studies, and other related subjects. This chapter examines the origin and evolution of the field of IS and systematically reviews the key academic achievements and contributors in the IS community. This chapter also proposes a comprehensive and integrated research review for IS in China. In fact, despite its irreplaceable and essential role in economy, innovation also enjoys an important position in theoretical research in China. Based on unique innovation management practices in Chinese enterprises, Chinese scholars have proposed several unique innovation theories, such as “3I pattern” (imitation, improvement, and innovation), indigenous innovation, total innovation management, etc. Now, during its transition from a major innovative nation to a super innovative nation, China is facing the challenge of how to stimulate more major innovation patterns that would “change the world” in the era of the knowledge economy; thus, based on a holistic review of Chinese innovation journey, we propose a Chinese innovation paradigm and discuss future directions for Chinese IS.

scholarly journals Ethics and/or Success in Conducting Organization Studies: A Habermasian Account

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Vizeu
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Research Experience ◽  
Communicative Interaction ◽  
Strategic Action ◽  
Organization Studies ◽  
Political Purpose ◽  
The Social ◽  
Research Findings

In the world of Organization research, some words are used by scholarswith a specific political purpose: two of these are ethics and emancipation. The second is used to recall the social purpose ofthe academic community, which can be donefromseveral perspectives (for example, that of Critical Management Studies). Regarding ethics, organization researchers often use this word to denounce managerial practices.Their researchcommonly reports the ideological orientation of such management practices as imply unethical behaviour. In this sense, the unethical orientation of managers has been seen as something masked by a manipulative discourse, which has built the false impression that management practices are ethically oriented.But the organization researchers say almost nothing about their own demagogicethical discourse, even though their silence has led to the criticism of academics for “lack of ethics.” This paper deals with the problem of ethics as it relates to the research practicesof organization studiesitself, showing some aspects of the ways in which ethics is handled by researchers in their fieldwork. To this end, it adopts Habermas’ view of discursive ethics, in particular, his conception of strategic action. In this sense, strategic action ignores ethical claims, because it is oriented to performative and utilitarian interests. Thus, when a speaker performs a strategic action, s/he distorts communicative interaction by omitting or manipulating information (distorting truthfulness), being insincere about her/his actual intentions and/or claiming feelings which s/he lacks (distorting sincerity), adopting illegitimate or subverting legitimate moral claims (distortion of legitimacy) and/or being confused or ambiguous about what s/he is saying (distorting comprehensibility). My argument is presented in the form of three different research examples, which reveal how strategic action emerges in critical research enterprises and how ethical claims are disregarded.In the end, I explore my own research experience, telling a confessional story, which illustrates strategic action in the critical organizational research field. The exemplary cases show that, in addition to the absence of ethical consciousness, researchers are pressurized to supply opportunistic reports of research findings and ‘discoveries,’in order to merit further qualifications. To be successful, researchers are prepared to be opportunistic and hence unethical.

scholarly journals Biological Suppression of Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) in an Eastern Nebraska Soil

Weed Science ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Okalebo ◽  
Gary Y. Yuen ◽  
Rhae A. Drijber ◽  
Erin E. Blankenship ◽  
Cafer Eken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Soil Suppressiveness ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Fusarium Lateritium ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Soil Feedback ◽  
Chemical Factors

Weed-suppressive soils contain naturally occurring microorganisms that suppress a weed by inhibiting its growth, development, and reproductive potential. Increased knowledge of microbe–weed interactions in such soils could lead to the identification of management practices that create or enhance soil suppressiveness to weeds. Velvetleaf death and growth suppression was observed in a research field (fieldA) that was planted with high populations of velvetleaf, which may have developed via microbial mediated plant–soil feedback. Greenhouse studies were conducted with soil collected fromfieldA(soilA) to determine if it was biologically suppressive to velvetleaf. In one study, mortality of velvetleaf grown for 8 wk insoilAwas greatest (86%) and biomass was smallest (0.3 g plant−1) in comparison to soils collected from surrounding fields with similar structure and nutrient content, indicating that suppressiveness ofsoilAwas not likely caused by physical or chemical factors. WhensoilAwas autoclaved in another study, mortality of velvetleaf plants in the heat-treated soil was reduced to 4% compared to 55% for the untreated soil, thus suggesting that suppressiveness ofsoilAis biological in nature. A third set of experiments showed that suppressiveness to velvetleaf could be transferred to an autoclaved soil by amending the autoclaved soil with untreatedsoilA; this provided additional evidence for a biological basis for the effects ofsoilA.The suppressive condition in these greenhouse experiments was associated with high soil populations of fusaria.Fusarium lateritiumwas the most frequently isolated fungus from roots of diseased velvetleaf plants collected fromfieldA, and also was the most virulent when inoculated onto velvetleaf seedlings. Results of this research indicate that velvetleaf suppression can occur naturally in the field and thatF. lateritiumis an important cause of velvetleaf mortality infieldA.

scholarly journals Unlearning towards an uncertain future: on the back end of future-driven unlearning

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 454-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus F. Peschl
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
Learning Systems ◽  
Specific Result ◽  
Organization Studies ◽  
Innovation Studies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Conceptual Paper ◽  
Uncertain Future ◽  
Forms Of Knowledge

Purpose While many approaches in the field of unlearning aim at describing, understanding or explaining the “what” and/or “how” of unlearning, this paper aims to focus on the “where-to” and the goal of unlearning. In many cases, unlearning starts off with a specific result or goal in mind. This paper suggests that such an approach has to be challenged in the context of a highly complex and uncertain world and to introduce a mode of unlearning following a strategy of future-oriented open-endedness. Design/methodology/approach This conceptual paper draws on (both theoretical/philosophical and empirical) interdisciplinary evidence from a wide variety of fields, such as organization studies, organizational (un)learning, systems theory, cognitive science and innovation studies. Findings It turns out that open-endedness in unlearning processes plays a central role, especially if we are confronted with high levels of uncertainty and complexity. In such an environment, following a strategy of co-becoming with an unfolding environment and with an emergent goal seems to be more promising than aiming at a preconceived (un-)learning goal. Originality/value The unlearning literature provides various approaches to what unlearning is and how it can be executed. However, understanding the actual goals and outcomes of unlearning and how these goals are identified and determined is a rather under-researched field. In many cases, they are preconceived in advance finding their realization in new forms of knowledge, assumptions, belief systems, values or routines. This paper challenges this strategy and addresses the gap of how it is possible to unlearn toward an uncertain future. This has an impact on the process of unlearning itself; it has to be reframed and understood as an open-ended strategy for identifying emerging future potentials, purposes and goals in a process of co-becoming with an unfolding future.

An innovation management assessment framework

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 1633-1656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanislaus Lobo ◽  
Premaratne Samaranayake
Keyword(s):  
Six Sigma ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Innovation Management ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Lean Six Sigma ◽  
Assessment Framework ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
New Business

PurposeThis paper proposes an integrated approach for assessing innovation management practices using an innovation management assessment framework, with the application of the innovation management assessment framework at the incubation and firm level.Design/methodology/approachInnovation management assessment framework is developed, based on the literature review. An innovation management assessment framework toolkit for training innovation practitioners is proposed as the basis for the framework implementation in the industry. The main approach is to make close alignment of the design for lean six sigma phases within broader innovation and stage-gate model in the innovation management assessment framework.FindingsThe operationalization of the innovation management assessment framework is enabled and supported by an assessment framework and a toolkit for managing innovation.Practical implicationsA roadmap for innovation management and assessment of performance at incubatee/firm level.Social implicationsIt provides a tool for developing innovative products and services for incubatees in start-ups, thus fueling the economy. It also has applications for ongoing established businesses.Originality/valueInnovation of new business development can be made through a well-designed and implemented innovation programme that is aligned with stage-gate and design for lean six sigma phases through the innovation management assessment framework.

Literature Review of the Domestic Research on Emission Trade

2012 ◽  
Vol 424-425 ◽  
pp. 179-183
Author(s):  
Li Ping Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Emission Trading ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Research Orientation ◽  
Trading Market ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Government

Emission trading means that, on the premise that environment and resources belongs to the nation and the total amount of emission is under regulation, the government sells the permit of a certain amount of emission to the polluter by issuing tradable emission licences. This paper discusses the emission trading in China in the recent 30 years. By reviewing the research field,research orientation and the status quo, this paper aimed at do some fundamental theoretical research on the application of the emission trading theory and the establishment of the emission trading market in China

scholarly journals Panic, Irrationality, and Herding: Three Ambiguous Terms in Crowd Dynamics Research

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milad Haghani ◽  
Emiliano Cristiani ◽  
Nikolai W. F. Bode ◽  
Maik Boltes ◽  
Alessandro Corbetta
Keyword(s):  
Social Influence ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Common Knowledge ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Escape Behaviour ◽  
Crowd Dynamics ◽  
Lay Persons ◽  
Relative Consistency ◽  
Science Domain

Background. The three terms “panic”, “irrationality”, and “herding” are ubiquitous in the crowd dynamics literature and have a strong influence on both modelling and management practices. The terms are also commonly shared between the scientific and nonscientific domains. The pervasiveness of the use of these terms is to the point where their underlying assumptions have often been treated as common knowledge by both experts and lay persons. Yet, at the same time, the literature on crowd dynamics presents ample debate, contradiction, and inconsistency on these topics. Method. This review is the first to systematically revisit these three terms in a unified study to highlight the scope of this debate. We extracted from peer-reviewed journal articles direct quotes that offer a definition, conceptualisation, or supporting/contradicting evidence on these terms and/or their underlying theories. To further examine the suitability of the term herding, a secondary and more detailed analysis is also conducted on studies that have specifically investigated this phenomenon in empirical settings. Results. The review shows that (i) there is no consensus on the definition for the terms panic and irrationality and that (ii) the literature is highly divided along discipline lines on how accurate these theories/terminologies are for describing human escape behaviour. The review reveals a complete division and disconnection between studies published by social scientists and those from the physical science domain and also between studies whose main focus is on numerical simulation versus those with empirical focus. (iii) Despite the ambiguity of the definitions and the missing consensus in the literature, these terms are still increasingly and persistently mentioned in crowd evacuation studies. (iv) Different to panic and irrationality, there is relative consistency in definitions of the term herding, with the term usually being associated with ‘(blind) imitation’. However, based on the findings of empirical studies, we argue why, despite the relative consistency in meaning, (v) the term herding itself lacks adequate nuance and accuracy for describing the role of ‘social influence’ in escape behaviour. Our conclusions also emphasise the importance of distinguishing between the social influence on various aspects of evacuation behaviour and avoiding generalisation across various behavioural layers. Conclusions. We argue that the use of these three terms in the scientific literature does not contribute constructively to extending the knowledge or to improving the modelling capabilities in the field of crowd dynamics. This is largely due to the ambiguity of these terms, the overly simplistic nature of their assumptions, or the fact that the theories they represent are not readily verifiable. Recommendations. We suggest that it would be beneficial for advancing this research field that the phenomena related to these three terms are clearly defined by more tangible and quantifiable terms and be formulated as verifiable hypotheses, so they can be operationalized for empirical testing.

scholarly journals Green Facades and Living Walls—A Review Establishing the Classification of Construction Types and Mapping the Benefits

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 4579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mina Radić ◽  
Marta Brković Dodig ◽  
Thomas Auer
Keyword(s):  
Human Perception ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Research Review ◽  
Empirical Testing ◽  
Nomenclature System ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Construction Type

The green facades and living walls of vertical greenery systems (VGS) are gaining increasing importance as sustainable building design elements because they can improve the environmental impact of a building. The field could benefit from a comprehensive mapping out of VGS types, an improved classification and nomenclature system, and from linking the benefits to a specific construction type. Therefore, this research reviews existing VGS construction types and links associated benefits to them, clearly differentiating empirical from descriptive supporting data. The study adopted a scoping research review used for mapping a specific research field. A systematic literature review based on keywords identified 13 VGS construction types—four types of green facades, nine types of living walls, and ten benefits. Thermal performance, as a benefit of VGS, is the most broadly empirically explored benefit. Yet, further qualitative studies, including human perception of thermal comfort are needed. Improvements in air quality, reduction of noise, positive effects on hydrology, and visual benefits need much further empirical testing, as the current supporting data is mostly descriptive and based on the similarities with green roofs. The educational benefits of VGS has no supporting empirical evidence, while the social benefits have only been empirically evaluated through one identified study. Future progress of the field depends on the adoption of a clear VGS nomenclature system and further qualitative and quantitative empirical testing of VGS benefits, which should be clearly linked to a specific VGS construction type so that cross-comparison of studies is enabled.

scholarly journals How to Motivate Employees’ Environmental Citizenship Behavior through Perceived Interpersonal Circle Power? A New Perspective from Chinese Circle Culture

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 4549
Author(s):  
Mi ◽  
Xu ◽  
Gan ◽  
Chen ◽  
Qiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Helping Behavior ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Citizenship Behavior ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Environmental Citizenship ◽  
The Impact

Employees’ spontaneous environmental citizenship behavior (ECB) is a key factor in facilitating the low-carbon transition of enterprises. However, little research has focused on the impact of interpersonal interactions on ECB. To explore how ECB is affected by special interpersonal circles in Chinese organizations, we propose a new concept: perceived interpersonal circle power (PICP). From the two dimensions of PICP, leader-oriented perceived interpersonal circle power (PICP-L) and colleague-oriented perceived interpersonal circle power (PICP-C), we establish a mechanism model to explore the effect of PICP on ECB. A structural equation model was used to test our hypotheses through 332 questionnaires, and the results show that PICP-L and PICP-C differ significantly in the directions and strengths of their effects on ECB. PICP-C has a direct positive driving effect on environmental engagement behavior (EEB) and environmental helping behavior (EHB). High PICP-C can also encourage EEB via affective organizational commitment (AOC). Conversely, PICP-L has no significant effect on EEB. More unexpectedly, PICP-L has a significant negative influence on EHB. This study provides a new direction for future theoretical research on ECB, as well as a new opportunity for policy-making and enterprise management practices to promote employees’ ECB.

The Study about Parsing of RGG Grammar

2011 ◽  
Vol 204-210 ◽  
pp. 255-258
Author(s):  
Zhi Yuan Shi ◽  
Yu Qiang Sun ◽  
Yu Wan Gu ◽  
Fu Quan Ji ◽  
Jing Fen Du
Keyword(s):  
Human Computer Interaction ◽  
Formal Methods ◽  
Petri Net ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Visual Language ◽  
Graph Grammar ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Formal Description ◽  
Parsing Algorithm ◽  
S Application

Visualization is the main form of human-computer interaction. The grammar formal description of visual language opens and explores the s application cope and theoretical research field of grammar. At present, graph grammar describing visual language is one of the best the formal methods. In the paper, formal parsing method of RGG grammar is studied deeply, a parsing algorithm about RGG grammar is described, and its application on Petri net is discussed.

How to build the permanently innovative company: five tested sets of management practices

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Kai Engel ◽  
Voletka Dirlea ◽  
Stephen Dyer ◽  
Jochen Graff
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Innovation Management ◽  
Major Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Innovative Company ◽  
Management Capabilities ◽  
Developed World ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – This article reports on the findings of the Best Innovator competition, which was launched in Germany in 2003, to identify and communicate the best practices of innovation management of the country’s businesses. After ten years of research, the contest has not only been expanded to identify the most innovative companies in much of the developed world but also to document the success of their best practices over time. Design/methodology/approach – This article details five tested sets of best practices. Findings – A major research finding is the strong correlation between superior innovation management capabilities and sustainable, profitable growth. Another finding was that, given the mix of industries, the diversity of businesses and the range of sizes in the Best Innovator club, it is striking that there is no correlation between R&D budget and innovation. Practical implications – Best Innovators first develop and then manage their innovation portfolios. All of them pursue clarity on a fundamental question: what do we want our innovation strategy to do for us? Originality/value – The researchers found that to get their innovation strategies right, Best Innovators invest upfront in understanding market, technology and service dynamics. They are investing time more than money. Leaders can learn how Best Innovators address innovation management “from the market to the market” and manipulate five areas to improve their innovation performance and propel sustainable and profitable growth.

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