Inter-Ethnic War in Sonora

2019 ◽  
pp. 182-208
Author(s):  
José Marcos Medina Bustos ◽  
Ignacio Almada Bay
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
American Indians ◽  
Ethnic Violence ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Mexican State ◽  
Ethnic War ◽  
The Military ◽  
Research Studies

Among other forms of interaction with Native American Indians, Hispanic society adopted strategies that set in motion processes of transculturation, such as the recruitment of native auxiliary troops. Although inter-ethnic violence in the borderlands has been studied, knowledge about indigenous leaderships, particularly the military positions granted by the Spaniards and the national states to control native societies, is limited. This chapter addresses this subject and focuses on the office of captain general, a characteristic native post in the frontier zones. This research studies the space occupied largely by the present Mexican state of Sonora, where the office functioned for a long period and had visible agency.

Prevention of Alcohol Misuse: A Review of Health Promotion Efforts among American Indians

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 288-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip A. May ◽  
James R. Moran
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Native American ◽  
American Indian ◽  
American Indians ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Alcohol Misuse ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Wide Range

Purpose. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of a wide range of potentially useful strategies to address the prevention of alcohol misuse among American Indians. This broad approach to the review is useful because the extreme heterogeneity of the American Indian population requires that health promotion professionals explore many options and tailor their activities to specific communities. Search Method. A literature search was initiated through MEDLINE using the following key words: prevention, alcohol, substance abuse, American Indian, and Native American. The search yielded 29 articles from the years 1982 through 1994. These articles, along with 45 previously identified in three overview articles, form the basis of the review and discussion in this paper. Summary of findings. As a group, American Indians experience many health problems that are related to alcohol misuse. Comparison of Indians to non-Indians shows that the age of first involvement with alcohol is younger, the frequency and amount of drinking is greater, and negative consequences are more common. Health promotion programs that address these issues must take into account American Indian heterogeneity and should use a comprehensive approach that addresses both heavy drinking and the sequelae of problems related to alcohol misuse. Major Conclusions. Important concepts for providing health promotion services to this population are: cultural relevance must be carefully planned and monitored; individuals in the local community must be involved; the drunken Indian stereotype must be addressed; and community empowerment should be an important goal.

scholarly journals Board to Page to Board

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip M. Winkelman
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
American Indians ◽  
North American ◽  
Intelligent Design ◽  
Typically Develop ◽  
North American Indians ◽  
The North ◽  
Gradual Evolution

Abstract The ways new games typically develop might be viewed as a continuum ranging from very gradual “evolution” based on mutations introduced to a single progenitor during play or recall, to sudden “intelligent design” based on a purposeful and original combination — or even invention — of ludemes independent of any particular lines of transmission. This paper argues that two proprietary 20th-century games, C.A. Neves’s Fang den Hut! and Lizzie Magie’s The Landlord’s Game, were developed in a different way, a bit outside the typical continuum. It analyzes the games’ general typologies, and specific ludemes, concluding that both games are modern adaptations of traditional Native American games encountered, not through play or even contact with players, but through the seminal ethnographic publications of Stewart Culin. Specifically, Fang den Hut! derives from Boolik via Games of the North American Indians, and The Landlord’s Game derives from Zohn Ahl via Chess and Playing-Cards.

Northwest Native American Research Center for Health: A Summary of Fellowship Trainees’ Success Over 15 Years of Funding

2020 ◽  
pp. 237337992097438
Author(s):  
Grazia Cunningham ◽  
Thomas M. Becker ◽  
Tanya Firemoon ◽  
Ashley Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Native American ◽  
Graduate Students ◽  
American Indians ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Research Capacity ◽  
Public Health Workforce ◽  
Tribal Communities ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
American Research

American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) continue to be severely underrepresented in biomedical research, particularly in principal investigator roles. Efforts to decrease health disparities have shifted to building research capacity and training highly skilled AI/AN health researchers who can conduct quality research within their tribal communities. Funded by the National Institutes of Health and the Indian Health Service, the Northwest Native American Research Centers for Health (NW NARCH) program has offered financial support and mentorship to 149 AI/AN biomedical and public health graduate students for the past 15 years. In 2018, trainees were surveyed to track their progress and career development. Survey results confirmed that the financial support and mentorship available via the NW NARCH program were instrumental to their professional advancement. Support to AI/AN biomedical graduate students should continue not only to diversify the public health workforce, but also to address risk factors and health conditions that disproportionately affect AI/AN people.

scholarly journals Commerce and Arms: The Federal Government, Native Americans, and the Economy of the Old Northwest, 1783–1807

2006 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 487-492
Author(s):  
WILLIAM H. BERGMANN
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Native Americans ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Commercial Agriculture ◽  
Old Northwest ◽  
Indian Wars ◽  
Western Economy ◽  
Northwest Territory ◽  
The Military ◽  
American Economy

This dissertation argues that the federal government played an essential role in the shaping of the western economy. American expansion necessitated not only that land be opened up, but also that the regional economy be reorganized. Specifically, the federal government did so in three ways. First, the military wrested control of the western economy from the tribes of the Northwest Territory through warfare, both during the Indian wars of the 1790s and later during the War of 1812. Second, the federal government sponsored the construction of roads throughout the region. Finally, colonial agencies of the federal government attempted to transform the Native American economy from one focused on fur trading to one centered on sedentary commercial agriculture.

Native American Ethnicity: a View from the British Museum1

2000 ◽  
Vol 73 (182) ◽  
pp. 221-238
Author(s):  
J. C. H. King
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Native American ◽  
Native Americans ◽  
North America ◽  
American Indians ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
The United States ◽  
Native Identity ◽  
Native North America ◽  
American Ethnicity

Abstract Identity in Native North America is defined by legal, racial, linguistic and ethnic traits. This article looks at the nomenclature of both Indian, Eskimo and Native, and then places them in a historical context, in Canada and the United States. It is argued that ideas about Native Americans derive from medieval concepts, and that these ideas both constrain Native identity and ensure the survival of American Indians despite accelerating loss of language.

Martyrdom in East and West: The Saga of St George of Nobatia and England

1993 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
William H. C. Frend
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Early Church ◽  
Nile Valley ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Christian Religion ◽  
The Past ◽  
Complete Rejection ◽  
East And West ◽  
The Military ◽  
Benedictine Monasticism

Martyrs were the heroes of the Early Church. For a long period after the reign of Constantine until Benedictine monasticism took over their mantle, their lives and exploits provided a focus for the idealism of Christians in Western Europe. They represented the victory of human steadfastness and loyalty in defence of the faith triumphing over irreligious tyranny and the powers of evil. In the East, however, where Constantine had emphasized as early as 324 his complete rejection of the persecutions of his pagan predecessors, it was not long before memories of the past were transformed to meet other pressing needs of the day. Threatened first by Germanic and Slav invaders and then by the armies of Islam, Byzantine cities sought the protection of martyrs and the heavenly hierarchy that led from them through the Archangel Michael to the Virgin herself. In Nobatia, the northernmost of the three Nubian kingdoms that straddled the Nile valley between Aswan and a point south of Khartoum, the military martyrs, George, Mercurius, Theodore, and Demetrius seconded the endeavours of Michael and the Virgin to preserve the kingdoms and their Christian religion.

The Disappearing Turnout Gap between Native Americans and Non-Native Americans

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy Skopek ◽  
Andrew Garner
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Native Americans ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
American Indians ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Political Values ◽  
Indian Gaming ◽  
The Past

Past research has consistently found that American Indians have traditionally turned out to vote at lower rates than do other citizens. Using two separate data sets, we examine this "turnout gap" over the past several decades. We find that not only has Native American turnout increased generally, but that the "gap" between Native Americans and non-Native Americans has declined substantially, and that in recent elections this "gap" has largely disappeared. We then provide a preliminary and tentative examination of possible causes for the decline, including the role of Indian gaming, mobilization by political parties and candidates, and shifting political values among Native Americans.

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