Social Organization and Change

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sławomir Kadrow
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
The Social

First, this chapter considers the meaning of ‘society’ in sociology, and how it relates to the concept of culture. It then proposes an interpretation of social organization and change based on theories taken from the social sciences. The main aim is to investigate these issues as they have been presented by different schools and currents within archaeology from the mid-19th century to present times. Evolutionist, culture-historical, Marxist, functionalist and processual archaeologies have based their ideas of social change on an organic metaphor of society, rooted deeply in the classic views of 19th-century social sciences. Post-processual archaeology has been the only one to adopt other concepts of society, drawn from various sociological theories, e.g. those of Bourdieu, Habermas, Giddens, or Sztompka.

scholarly journals De la historia > a los objetos sólidos. Nuevos retos conceptuales, teóricos y metodológicos sobre Familia y ciencias sociales

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
Francisco Chacón Jimenez
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Object Of Study

This work examines the claim of objects as explanatory protagonists of historical analysis against the perspective set forth in the book L´Histoire en miettes: des Annales à la «nouvelle histoire», by François Dosse (1987). This article aims to study the theoretical and epistemological turn regarding the historiographical approach. With this objective, we start from the family as an object of study, so that we place it between history and social sciences. It is precisely in the creation of the object, in the new analytical categories and in the renewal of the methods, where the true synthesis occurs as a contribution and creation of knowledge regarding the social organization and its operating processes.The system of social relations and the integration of individuals in the community provide families with the lead role in social change or resistance. Thus, factors such as hierarchy, intergenerational genealogies, domination, inequality and dependency are determined. La reivindicación de los objetos como protagonistas explicativos del análisis histórico frente a la consideración de fragmentos tras el clásico, pero acertado para su contexto y momento histórico: L´Histoire en miettes: des Annales à la «nouvelle histoire», de François Dosse (1987), pretende ofrecer un giro teórico y epistemológico respecto al enfoque historiográfico. Para ello partimos del objeto Familia y lo situamos entre historia y ciencias sociales. Es, precisamente, en la creación del objeto, en las nuevas categorías analíticas y en la renovación de los métodos, donde se produce la verdadera síntesis en tanto que aportación y creación de conocimiento respecto a la organización social y sus procesos de funcionamiento.El sistema de relaciones sociales y la integración de los individuos en la comunidad, le otorga a las familias el protagonismo en el cambio social o en las resistencias. Se determinan así factores como jerarquía, genealogías intergeneracionales, dominación, desigualdad y dependencia.

scholarly journals GREEN REVOLUTION AND SOCIAL CHANGE IN SUBAK SUSUAN, KARANGASEM, BALI

2017 ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
I Wayan Tagel Eddy
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Green Revolution ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Rice Seeds ◽  
The Government ◽  
Depth Interviews

This study aims to determine the social changes in Subak Susuan Karangasem Bali as a result of the implementation of green revolution (revolusi hijau). The method used observation, in-depth interviews equipped with interview guides, recording devices, cameras and stationery. Sampling is done by purposive or direct appointment to a person who is considered to know and be directly involved in the event.The results show that the green revolution has digraded various types of local rice seeds and simultaneously marginalizes local wisdom resulting in social change. Agricultural homogeneity, which in turn has diminished farming culture, professional social organization such as sekaa numbeg, sekaa manyi, sekaa metekap began to decrease and patron client bond is getting worse. The government is advised to pay attention to the values ??of local wisdom that guides the life of farming in Subak Susuan.

scholarly journals Civil Society: Overlapping Frames

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-68
Author(s):  
Bronwen Dalton
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Faculty Research ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
The Social ◽  
The University ◽  
Interdisciplinary Journal ◽  
Civil Societies

The social sciences are bedeviled by terminological promiscuity.  Terms and phrases are used at one time in a certain context and later borrowed and applied in different circumstances to somewhat different phenomena. Sometimes different groups of actors or researchers simultaneously use the same term with somewhat different meanings. Such is the use of the term civil society. In this 5th Anniversary of the Cosmopolitan Civil Societies: An Interdisciplinary Journal, it is timely to trace the evolution of the idea of civil society to its multiple guises in the present. The paper reviews the term’s 18th and 19th century roots, its recent resurrection and the opposing views of civil society, including views that question its applicability to non-western settings. It then discusses prospects for developing agreed approaches to the study of civil society. To guide our thinking the paper presents a brief overview of different approaches to defining civil society taken by some of the major so-called centres for civil society in Australia and internationally. The paper concludes by reflecting on these definitional challenges as it has played out at one particular cross faculty research centre, the University of Technology, Sydney’s Cosmopolitan Civil Societies Research Centre.

Compensatory Justice and Social Institutions

1985 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph H. Carens
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Ought Implies Can ◽  
The Social ◽  
Compensatory Justice ◽  
The Ideal ◽  
Moral Philosophers

Moral philosophers are fond of the dictum “ought implies can” and even deontologists normally admit the need to take account of consequences in the design of social institutions. Too often, however, philosophers fail to take advantage of the knowledge provided by the social sciences about the constraints and consequences of alternative forms of social organization. By discussing ideals in abstraction from the problems of institutionalization, they fail at least to see some of the important consequences and costs of a proposed ideal, and sometimes they fail even to understand the ideal itself.

Practice Theories: The Latest Turn in Historiography?

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Polyakov
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
Linguistic Turn ◽  
Structure And Agency ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Development ◽  
Social Realm ◽  
Turn Over

Abstract The linguistic turn in historiography has given way to a ‘cultural’ or ‘practical’ turn over the course of the last several decades. For its proponents, this new development heralds a return of the intentional subject and a re-invigorated concern with the dynamic nature of the social realm. Approaches clustered around the concept of practice, emphasizing routines of daily activities as the backbone of social organization and its stability, specifically seek to resolve the persisting conceptual tension in social sciences between structure and agency. This article surveys the seminal work on the topic of practice, and considers how the approach can be recruited for purposes of historiographic analysis. In defending a tentatively optimistic assessment of practice theory’s usefulness for this purpose, the article also evaluates some of the weaknesses that this approach has yet to cogently address.

scholarly journals Embodying Charismatic Affect(If): the Example of Bruce Lee (Translation into Russian)

Corpus Mundi ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-49
Author(s):  
David Hugh Kendall Brown
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Change ◽  
The Body ◽  
Bruce Lee ◽  
The Social ◽  
Moving Body ◽  
Affective Interaction

While the concept of charisma is widely used in the social sciences, its embodied nature is less thoroughly explored and theorised. This paper revisits the key embodied characteristics of Weber's sociology of charisma and re-interprets these using Shilling's (2005, 2013) umbrella notions of the body as a source and location of and means for society as a way of analysing the idea of the charismatic body as a force for social change. It then draws on a range of embodied concepts to illuminate how charisma is significant channel of infra and inter-corporeal affective interaction between “leaders” and their followers. In particular, Freund's (2009) social synaesthesia and bio-agency, Massumi's (2002) perspective of affect and the moving body, Thrift's (2010) charismatic celebrity, allure and glamour, Mellor and Shilling's (1997) sensual solidarities, and Seyfert's (2012) conception of affectif. To develop and illustrate this perspective of the charismatically affective body in action, the life of film star and martial artist Bruce Lee (1940–1973) is utilised.

Social change and masculinities: exploring favourable spaces?

2021 ◽  
pp. 144078332110482
Author(s):  
Pam Papadelos ◽  
Chris Beasley ◽  
Mandy Treagus
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Social Reform ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Popular Media ◽  
Australian Society ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Gender

Understanding social change remains a challenge in the social sciences. This has resonance when considering the continuing significance of gender inequality in Australian society despite decades of political and social reform. Our aim is to elaborate a framework regarding social change which engages with major debates in masculinity studies, with applications beyond gender and masculinity. The potential of favourable spaces for social innovation is explored by outlining a dynamic taxonomy of masculinity and change. This framing of social change is located in a material social context involving specific actors. While popular media accounts of boys’ schooling and the specific instance of private boys’ schools indicate the maintenance of hegemonic norms upholding masculine dominance, we investigate illustrative instances of Catholic boys’ schools committed to gender equality. Yet, constructions of masculinity shift between and/or incorporate hegemonic styles and gender equitable styles, even in situations where gender equality is publicly promoted.

Frédéric Le Play and 19th-century vision machines

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry Freemantle
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Linear Time ◽  
Western Civilization ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
The Gaze ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Spectator ◽  
Historical Moment

An early proponent of the social sciences, Frédéric Le Play, was the occupant of senior positions within the French state in the mid- to late 19th century. He was writing at a time when science was ascending. There was for him no doubt that scientific observation, correctly applied, would allow him unmediated access to the truth. It is significant that Le Play was the organizer of a number of universal expositions because these expositions were used as vehicles to demonstrate the ascendant position of western civilization. The fabrication of linear time is a history of progress requiring a vision of history analogous to the view offered the spectator at a diorama. Le Play employed the design principles and spirit of the diorama in his formulations for the social sciences, and L’Exposition Universelle of 1867 used the technology wherever it could. Both the gaze of the spectators and the objects viewed are part and products of the same particular and unique historical formation. Ideas of perception cannot be separated out from the conditions that make them possible. Vision and its effects are inseparable from the observing subject who is both a product of a particular historical moment and the site of certain practices.

scholarly journals Charles Tilly: Connecting Large Scale Social Change and Personal Narrative

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 287-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernesto Castañeda
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Social History ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Personal Narrative ◽  
Charles Tilly ◽  
The Social ◽  
Popular Audience ◽  
Over Time

Charles Tilly's work as a historical sociologist and on states, social change and other topics has had powerful influence across the social sciences and social history, also having a large popular audience. Themes and issues in his work over time are explored, in particular his developing thinking about national states, macro and micro processes, stories and social change.

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