Religious Nonconformity and the Quality of Mercy

Author(s):  
Ethan H. Shagan

This chapter explores the relationship between religious arguments for and against the mitigation of legal penalties for religious nonconformity, and the arguments in Shakespeare’sMerchant of Venicefor and against the moderation of legal rigour. It argues that Elizabethan legal debates overepieikeiaor equity were heavily inflected with the debate over conscientious nonconformity. Shakespeare’s play restages these debates, not only in the courtroom scene but in a variety of moral dilemmas or cases of conscience, repeatedly supporting the ideal of individual conscience against the claims of Church of England conformists such as Richard Hooker that law can only be mitigated when it serves the public good.

1985 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Hudson

The past decade has seen the growth of a considerable literature on the link between government popularity, as reflected by the proportion of the public indicating their intention to vote for the government in opinion polls, and the state of the economy, as represented by certain key variables. The work began in the early 1970s with articles by Goodhart and Bhansali, Mueller, and Kramer. It continued through the decade; some of the more recent contributions can be found in a set of readings edited by Hibbs and Fassbender. However, despite the amount and quality of this work, problems remain. Principal amongst these, as Chrystal and Alt have pointed out, is the inability to estimate a relationship which exhibits any degree of stability either over time or between researchers. Nearly all the studies have been successful in finding a significant relationship for specific time periods, but when these are extended, or when the function is used to forecast outside the original estimation period, the relationship appears to break down.


Numeracy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Harrison

Although research into the relationship between quantitative literacy (QL) and news reporting is sparse, the consensus among researchers is that journalists tend not to place QL very highly among their professional values and that journalism suffers as a consequence. This paper is an attempt to provide concrete examples of the ways in which news reports systemically misinterpret, misrepresent, or misuse numerical data as part of the reporting process. Drawing on scenarios ranging from elections and healthcare to the mundane world of food preparation, it shows how a lack of rigour in the fields of reporting and news production can lead to a diminution in the quality of journalism presented to the public. It is argued that while the effect of this can sometimes be trivial, on occasion it is literally a matter of life and death.


2019 ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Antonio Díaz Sotelo

ResumenEl objeto de este texto es la exposición y análisis de los procedimientos de intervención pública en el paisaje urbano de la ciudad de Madrid. El objetivo último de ese análisis es identificar el modelo público para el paisaje urbano en Madrid.  Este texto se centra en la exposición analítica de documentos oficiales antes que en sus conclusiones definitivas, por lo que le corresponde la denominación de Informe.  Este informe se organiza en dos partes: una exposición teórica que enmarca el posterior análisis de instrumentos administrativos de intervención en el paisaje.  Se concibe como parte de la investigación de Tesis Doctoral titulada “Transformación Reciente del Paisaje Comercial en el Centro Histórico”, acotada en un marco temporal de apenas diez años, marcado por la crisis y la desregulación económica, y en un marco territorial limitado al centro histórico de Madrid. Esa investigación se enmarca en una reflexión general sobre la relación entre actividad económica y paisaje urbano. El interés de este informe para la investigación es sobre la utilidad de ese modelo público para el paisaje urbano en Madrid como parámetro para valorar la rentabilidad de los esfuerzos públicos y privados en la mejora de la calidad del paisaje urbano.AbstractThe purpose of this text is the exhibition and analysis of public intervention procedures in the urban landscape of the city of Madrid. The ultimate goal of this analysis is to identify the public model for the urban landscape in Madrid. This text focuses on the analytical exposition of official documents rather than on their final conclusions, for which reason the denomination of Report corresponds. This report is organized in two parts: a theoretical exposition that frames the subsequent analysis of administrative instruments of intervention in the landscape. It is conceived as part of the Doctoral Thesis research titled "Recent Transformation of the Commercial Landscape in the Historic Center", bounded within a period of just ten years, marked by the crisis and economic deregulation, and in a territorial framework limited to the historic center of Madrid. This research is part of a general reflexion on the relationship between economic activity and urban landscape. The interest of this report for the investigation is about the utility of that public model for the urban landscape in Madrid as a parameter to assess the profitability of public and private efforts in improving the quality of the urban landscape.


2007 ◽  
pp. 100-113
Author(s):  
Liz Lee-Kelley ◽  
Ailsa Kolsaker

The central government in the UK is determined to employ new surveillance technology to combat the threat of terrorist activities. This chapter contributes to the important debate on the relationship between citizens and the government, by discussing not whether electronic surveillance should be used, but rather, when it is acceptable to the populace. From our analysis, we conclude that a reconciliation of state-interest and self-interest is critical for the success of e-governance; as such, electronic surveillance’s mission has to be about serving the law-abiding majority and their needs, and its scope and benefits must be clearly understood by the visionaries, implementers and the citizenry.


2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tade M Spranger

AbstractBoth the confidence of the international scientific community and the public hopes risen by stem cell technology were shaken one year ago by what is called the Korean stem cell scandal. The forgery conducted by one of Korea's major scientists led to several fundamental questions. Some of them refer to ethical aspects, while others concern legal facets: Are law and ethics really able to control scientific research in the field of biotechnology and biomedicine ? Which effects are exerted by the ”publish or perish” policy as well as the commercialisation of basic research on the quality of scientific work ? Is the practical relevance of stem cell research overestimated ? Has the relationship between principal researchers and their staff to be reviewed or even controlled according to tightened ethical and legal standards ?


2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 382-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iryna Khovrenkov

As non-governmental providers of public goods, charities are funded by governments and also by individuals and foundations. How do foundation grants to charities affect private donations to these organizations? The standard economic theory on voluntary contributions to the public good hypothesizes that foundation giving will crowd out private donations. An alternative giving dynamic may arise whereby foundations act as complements to private donations because they can provide a signal of charity quality to individuals and thereby influence their decisions to give. This article offers a rigorous empirical analysis of the relationship between foundation and private donations by utilizing a unique data set on Canadian social welfare and community charities matched with their foundation donors. Empirical findings confirm that an additional dollar of foundation grants to charities crowds in private giving by three dollars on average, suggesting that private donors may look to foundation grants for information on charities to make informed giving decisions.


1991 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 101-120
Author(s):  
David Vogel

This paper traces the historical roots of some of our current preoccupations with the ethics of business. Its central argument is that many of the contemporary criteria that we use to evaluate the ethics of business are not new; rather, they date back several centuries. This paper illustrates this thesis by comparing historical and contemporary discussions of three sets of issues: the relationship between ethics and profits, the relationship between private gain and the public good and the tension between the results of capitalism and the intentions of businessmen.The fact that these tensions are inherent in the nature of capitalism, if not in human nature itself, does not make our contemporary concerns or standards any less valid. On the contrary, it underlies their significance. Contemporary discussions of business ethics constitute part of an ongoing moral dialogue with both deep secular and religious roots.


2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-186
Author(s):  
Cristina Todi

Abstract This article examines the relationship between performing arts, the multidisciplinary aspect of them, thereafter seeking to address a few similarities and differences in approaching a live performance. The confluence between ballet, theatre and opera is obvious and a brief overview of the main interlaced stages in the development of performing arts will also prove that they have always been related and dependant on one another. Every performing art crosses its boundaries and not only does it explore issues or topics specific to the other arts, but it also uses their tools. Thus, this article integrates a few contemporary tendencies of intersection in performing arts, mainly the pervasive presence of ballet and theatre. Subsequently, in considering live performance, the impact on the audience is also assessed, as well as the harmony of perception created between the performer and the public. Further on, the paradigm development in performing arts is determined due to the augmenting of the new technological tools being used. The aim of using these tools is to create special effects that emphasize the quality of the performance. In addition to a comprehensive influence, this article explains how contemporary social and political changes, scientific and technological progress have determined more changes in the performing arts than they had in the previous centuries.


Author(s):  
Nuri Mohamad M. Otman

This study presents a review of the Quality of Higher Education through the incidence of learning styles. The quality is important l element the private sector, as well as for the public sector since it evaluates services, supply and working conditions, and the relationship with the environment where they carry out their activities. Therefore, higher education organizations cannot be exempt from the importance of quality. However, there are several factors that affect the quality of education, being one of the most important learning styles. Generally, from this background, the main objective of this study to define the role and quality concepts of higher education the analysis of the key aspects of quality assurance and its relationship with student learning styles, by briefly reviewing the literature in this regard that allows for defining this relationship and its importance. The results showed through these studies that there is no single style of learning, and that this must be flexible within the classroom to improve the educational experience of students, but that this cannot lead to the choice of a single style considered as suitable.


2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 106-112
Author(s):  
Tatiana Kolomoiets ◽  
Oleksii Makarenkov ◽  
Georgiy Samoylenko

Relevance. In terms of revising the provisions of legal regulation of relations in the field of transport with the borrowing of competitive principles of the European institutes to ensure the integration of transport into European and world transport area, with revision of models of relations between relevant public administration entities and private entities, ensuring balance of their interests , including in the context of national and supranational threats and focus on expanding the implementation of rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of the latter in the field of transport, strengthening of the principles of decentralization of power in the system of public authorities occurs, resulting in a significant increase in the number and diversity of regulatory and legal acts aimed at settling the above relations. Unfortunately, at the same time the processes of "growth" and a variety of forms of corruption in the activities of public servants, whose professional sphere is directly related to transport relations with the involvement of municipal transport, are also active. Analysis of law enforcement activities of anti-corruption entities in all its manifestations shows a fairly steady trend towards an increase in the number of detected acts of corruption committed by public servants directly related to the exercise of their authority over the procedure for admission to municipal passenger transportation. The specifics of the legislative regulation of the latter presupposes the presence of many "defects", which create the basis for variable manifestations, including illegal, of the activities of public servants with a subjective arbitrary interpretation of the latest provisions of the law. "Low-quality" regulation of the provisions of the activity of public servants to exercise power over the admission to municipal passenger transportation has a negative impact not only on the implementation of passenger rights (of various categories), but also provision of the public interest, and contributes to the formation of a national threat with a "corrosive" sign of power within administrative and territorial units, especially the country in general. An integrated approach to clarifying the problems of "municipal passenger transportation" with an emphasis on eliminating corruption risks in the activities of public servants at the stage of exercising their power to admit to transportation, which will contribute to the "quality" of such entities and will form an effective regulatory framework for the relevant component of transport in general, its effective existence, the realization of the public interest and its correlation with the interests of individuals. The purpose of the paper is the justification of the relationship of the "quality" of standardization of the procedure for admission of entities to municipal passenger transportation and corruption risks in the professional activities of public servants, which is related to this area, formulating proposals for their multi-balance ratio to minimize these risks and "qualitative" standardization of the relevant component of passenger transportation and transport relations in general based on the analysis of various sources. The objects of the article are public relations directly related to municipal passenger transportation. The subject of the article is the "quality" of standardization of relations in admission to municipal passenger transportation and its connection with corruption risks in activity of public servants connected with the specified sphere of relations. Methods of research. Both general legal and special methods of scientific cognition were used in research. As the basis, the dialectic method was used, which allowed to reveal problematic issues in dynamics; juridical and logical method allowed to form options for borrowing positive and avoiding negative experience of relevant rulemaking and law enforcement in foreign countries; forecasting and modeling were used for making proposals to strengthen "quality" of standardization of the procedure of admission to municipal passenger transportation in order to eliminate corruption risks in the activities of public servants. Results. Admission to municipal passenger transportation should be considered as a form of public procedure, the subjects of which are servants of local public authorities. Given the specifics of municipal transport in general, any activity associated with its use, objectively anticipates the risks of possible, including illegal, priority satisfaction of private interests of public servants and the interests of relatives during the exercise of the public authority, which causes "corrosion" of public authority. The procedure of admission to the relevant transportation, the "corruption freedom" of which depends on the "quality" of normalization of its provisions, is not an exception. The relationship between the "quality" of legislation and the "corruption risk" of professional activity of public servants, which is associated with the procedure of admission to the services mentioned, is interdependent (the lower the quality of legislation, the higher the risks of "corrosion" of professional activity of public servants and vice versa). In order to improve the "quality" of standardization of the procedure for admission to the transportation and minimize corruption risks in the professional activities of public servants associated with the above procedure, it is appropriate to strengthen the provisions of certainty of the content of relevant legislation, their systematization (including in the form of codification), streamlining the thematic definition series, meaningful consolidation of the principles of transparency, publicity, participation, public-private partnership, guarantee of all elements and admission procedures in general.


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