Treatment Modalities

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Martin Kivlighan III ◽  
Dennis M. Kivlighan
Keyword(s):  
Research Literature ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Individual Group ◽  
Helpful Events ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Therapeutic Processes ◽  
Outcome Differences ◽  
New Research ◽  
Meta Analyses

In the first part of this chapter the focus is on research comparing the effectiveness (i.e., psychotherapy outcomes) of various treatment modalities: individual, group, couple, and family therapies. In the second section the discussion shifts to focus on research that examines therapy process similarities and differences across the various treatment modalities. The chapter includes a review of the research literature comparing individual, group, couple, and family treatments. Although there are numerous studies comparing treatment approaches (e.g., cognitive behavior therapy vs. psychodynamic therapy), far fewer studies have compared treatment modalities. For treatment outcome differences, a number of meta-analyses examining similarities and differences across treatment modalities are reviewed, summarized, and critiqued. Exploring differences in therapeutic processes involved reviewing, summarizing, and critiquing studies that examined similarities and differences in the character of the therapeutic alliance, helpful events, and therapist behaviors and techniques. The chapter concludes with recommendations for future research. Two major approaches to new research are recommended: focus on treatment goals and systemic processes and an increased focus on the therapeutic processes that cut across and differentiate the treatment modalities

scholarly journals Co-Creating New Directions for Service Robots in Hospitality and Tourism

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-61
Author(s):  
Francesc Fusté-Forné ◽  
Tazim Jamal
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Service Robots ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Tourism Management ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Hospitality And Tourism ◽  
New Research

Research on the relationship between automation services and tourism has been rapidly growing in recent years and has led to a new service landscape where the role of robots is gaining both practical and research attention. This paper builds on previous reviews and undertakes a comprehensive analysis of the research literature to discuss opportunities and challenges presented by the use of service robots in hospitality and tourism. Management and ethical issues are identified and it is noted that practical and ethical issues (roboethics) continue to lack attention. Going forward, new directions are urgently needed to inform future research and practice. Legal and ethical issues must be proactively addressed, and new research paradigms developed to explore the posthumanist and transhumanist transitions that await. In addition, closer attention to the potential of “co-creation” for addressing innovations in enhanced service experiences in hospitality and tourism is merited. Among others, responsibility, inclusiveness and collaborative human-robot design and implementation emerge as important principles to guide future research and practice in this area.

scholarly journals Trends in global research on sanitation: A 30-year perspective from 1990 to 2019

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Huang ◽  
Mi Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Sanitation Services ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
New Research

In the past three decades, the field of sanitation has attracted much academic attention, and a large volume of relevant research results have emerged. In order to explore the characteristics and trends of global sanitation research literature, this paper presents a bibliometric analysis of 9559 articles published between 1990–2019 and extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection database. With the rapid increase in the number of related publications, both the breadth and depth of sanitation studies have increased significantly in the 21st century. In terms of multiple criteria, the comprehensive research strength of developed countries is greater than that of developing countries. The field is highly interdisciplinary, meaning that collaborations between research institutions are increasing. Keyword clustering analysis shows that the main research topics in the domain of sanitation are: (a) drinking water; (b) sustainability; (c) biofilm; (d) epidemiology; and (e) WaSH (i.e. Water, Sanitation and Hygiene). Meanwhile, keyword bursts analysis showed that the new research hotspots and frontiers mainly concentrated on: (a) sustainable development of sanitation services adapting to climate change; (b) main determinants affecting child malnutrition; (c) research based on global and multinational data; and (d) evaluations on various aspects of performance. This paper provides a better understanding of sanitation research trends that have emerged over the past 30 years, and can serve as a reference for future research.

scholarly journals Yes children need to learn their GPCs but there really is little or no evidence that systematic or explicit phonics is effective: A response to Fletcher, Savage, and Sharon (2020)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey S Bowers
Keyword(s):  
Educational Psychology ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Literacy Curriculum ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Morphological Instruction ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Educational Psychology Review ◽  
Psychology Review

Fletcher, Savage, and Sharon (Educational Psychology Review, 2020) have raised a number of conceptual and empirical challenges to my claim that there is little or no evidence for systematic phonics (Bowers, Educational Psychology Review, 32, 681-705, 2020). But there are many mistakes, mischaracterizations, and omissions in the Fletcher et al. response that not only obscure the important similarities and differences in our views, but also perpetuate common mischaracterizations of the evidence. In this response I attempt to clarify a number of conceptual confusions, perhaps most importantly, the conflation of phonics with teaching GPCs. I do agree that children need to learn their GPCs, but that does not entail a commitment to systematic or any other form of phonics. With regards to the evidence, I respond to Fletcher et al.’s analysis of 12 meta-analyses and briefly review the reading outcomes in England following over a decade of legally mandated phonics. I detail why their response does not identify any flaws in my critique nor alter my conclusion that there is little or no support for the claim that phonics by itself or in a richer literacy curriculum is effective. We both agree that future research needs to explore how to combine various forms of instruction most effectively, including an earlier emphasis of morphological instruction, but we disagree that phonics must be part of the mix. I illustrate this by describing an alternative approach that rejects phonics, namely, structured word inquiry.

Product Platform Problem Taxonomy: Classification and Identification of Benchmark Problems

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkat Allada ◽  
Abhijit K. Choudhury ◽  
Padmavathi K. Pakala ◽  
Timothy W. Simpson ◽  
Michael J. Scott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Benchmark Problems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Product Platform ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Market Opportunities ◽  
Comprehensive Classification ◽  
New Research

Many companies are using product platform concepts to gain economies of scale and to identify new market opportunities. Though the area of product platforming continues to be actively investigated by both industry and academia, there is no comprehensive classification scheme that can provide a clear picture of the existing problems and possible future research directions. Hence, in the present paper, we introduce a broad taxonomy that classifies product platform problems based on the product development stages. This can serve as a basis to: (1) Extract and categorize problems from research literature; (2) Identify potential extensions and/or new problems that have not been addressed in the literature; and (3) Identify existing problem sets and/or develop new problem sets for benchmarking purposes. We introduce a Conditions and Assumptions Code (CAC) scheme and use it in the identification of benchmark problems as well as in analyzing two classes of evaluation methods adopted for the platform problems: metrics-based and optimization-based. Thus, we have not only categorized existing problems but also identified possible future research problems in each of the categories. This categorization serves as a navigation tool to understand the progress made in this field so far and to identify new research directions.

Retrospective: why do customers switch? The dynamics of satisfaction versus loyalty

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 569-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Banwari Mittal
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Customer Data ◽  
High Satisfaction ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
New Research ◽  
As Relationship

Purpose This paper aims to revisit the 1998 paper (“Why do customers switch […]”) published in this journal with the goal of documenting research progress since then and identifying gaps still present in the knowledge base on the relevant key issues. Design/methodology/approach The method is literature review, theoretical scrutiny and critical reflections on the findings of the research studies over the past two decades that deal with customer satisfaction, loyalty and switching behaviors, with particular emphasis on service businesses. Findings The core issue of why satisfaction may not explain loyalty has been examined by positing other co-predictors and moderators of loyalty such as relationship quality, price value, trust, image, etc. These predictors have been found significant, implying that satisfaction is not the only driver of customer loyalty. Additionally, other drivers of switching and staying behavior have been established such as attraction of the alternatives and switching costs, respectively. This paper points out, however, that the gains of the new research literature are attenuated due to assumption of linearity in the loyalty effects of satisfaction and due to a lack of separate analyses of customer segments who defy the satisfaction–loyalty logic. Research limitations/implications The relevant literature is so vast that any account of it within the scope of this paper had to be by design delimited. The paper not only sampled the literature selectively but also summarized the principal findings of the selected papers over-simplistically. Interested readers must get a firsthand read of the reviewed literature. Practical implications The spotlight on the nonlinearity implies that practitioners should analyze customer data separately for customer segments that experience low, moderate and high satisfaction, and also separately for segments that show the expected positive satisfaction–loyalty relationship versus those who would defect despite being satisfied. Originality/value Against the backdrop where most academic as well as industry research had presumed a positive loyalty effect of satisfaction, the 1998 paper drew attention to segments of consumers who exhibited the contrarian loyalty behavior. The present paper shines a light on that topic with even sharper focus, highlighting six unaddressed issues that must frame future research.

scholarly journals Yes Children Need to Learn Their GPCs but There Really Is Little or No Evidence that Systematic or Explicit Phonics Is Effective: a response to Fletcher, Savage, and Sharon (2020)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey S. Bowers
Keyword(s):  
Educational Psychology ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Literacy Curriculum ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Morphological Instruction ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Educational Psychology Review ◽  
Psychology Review

AbstractFletcher, Savage, and Sharon (Educational Psychology Review, 2020) have raised a number of conceptual and empirical challenges to my claim that there is little or no evidence for systematic phonics (Bowers, Educational Psychology Review, 32, 681–705, 2020). But there are many mistakes, mischaracterizations, and omissions in the Fletcher et al. response that not only obscure the important similarities and differences in our views but also perpetuate common mischaracterizations of the evidence. In this response, I attempt to clarify a number of conceptual confusions, perhaps most importantly, the conflation of phonics with teaching GPCs. I do agree that children need to learn their GPCs, but that does not entail a commitment to systematic or any other form of phonics. With regard to the evidence, I respond to Fletcher et al.’s analysis of 12 meta-analyses and briefly review the reading outcomes in England following over a decade of legally mandated phonics. I detail why their response does not identify any flaws in my critique nor alter my conclusion that there is little or no support for the claim that phonics by itself or in a richer literacy curriculum is effective. We both agree that future research needs to explore how to combine various forms of instruction most effectively, including an earlier emphasis of morphological instruction, but we disagree that phonics must be part of the mix. I illustrate this by describing an alternative approach that rejects phonics, namely, Structured Word Inquiry.

scholarly journals Under-reporting of Adverse Events in the Biomedical Literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 10-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald N. Kostoff
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Biomedical Literature ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Scientometric Analysis ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Causes Of Disease ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Almost All

AbstractPurposeTo address the under-reporting of research results, with emphasis on the under-reporting/distorted reporting of adverse events in the biomedical research literature.Design/methodology/approachA four-step approach is used: (1) To identify the characteristics of literature that make it adequate to support policy; (2) to show how each of these characteristics becomes degraded to make inadequate literature; (3) to identify incentives to prevent inadequate literature; and (4) to show policy implications of inadequate literature.FindingsThis review has provided reasons for, and examples of, adverse health effects of myriad substances (1) being under-reported in the premiere biomedical literature, or (2) entering this literature in distorted form. Since there is no way to gauge the extent of this under/distorted-reporting, the quality and credibility of the ‘premiere’ biomedical literature is unknown. Therefore, any types of meta-analyses or scientometric analyses of this literature will have unknown quality and credibility. The most sophisticated scientometric analysis cannot compensate for a highly flawed database.Research limitationsThe main limitation is in identifying examples of under-reporting. There are many incentives for under-reporting and few dis-incentives.Practical implicationsAlmost all research publications, addressing causes of disease, treatments for disease, diagnoses for disease, scientometrics of disease and health issues, and other aspects of healthcare, build upon previous healthcare-related research published. Many researchers will not have laboratories or other capabilities to replicate or validate the published research, and depend almost completely on the integrity of this literature. If the literature is distorted, then future research can be misguided, and health policy recommendations can be ineffective or worse.Originality/valueThis review has examined a much wider range of technical and non-technical causes for under-reporting of adverse events in the biomedical literature than previous studies.

Physical and Psychological Benefits of Written Emotional Expression

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 242-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Éva Kállay
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Expressive Writing ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Psychological Benefits ◽  
Cost Effective Treatment ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract. The last several decades have witnessed a substantial increase in the number of individuals suffering from both diagnosable and subsyndromal mental health problems. Consequently, the development of cost-effective treatment methods, accessible to large populations suffering from different forms of mental health problems, became imperative. A very promising intervention is the method of expressive writing (EW), which may be used in both clinically diagnosable cases and subthreshold symptomatology. This method, in which people express their feelings and thoughts related to stressful situations in writing, has been found to improve participants’ long-term psychological, physiological, behavioral, and social functioning. Based on a thorough analysis and synthesis of the published literature (also including most recent meta-analyses), the present paper presents the expressive writing method, its short- and long-term, intra-and interpersonal effects, different situations and conditions in which it has been proven to be effective, the most important mechanisms implied in the process of recovery, advantages, disadvantages, and possible pitfalls of the method, as well as variants of the original technique and future research directions.

Roles of externalisation activities in the design process

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Maral Babapour Chafi
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Design Processes ◽  
Digital Modelling

Designers engage in various activities, dealing with different materials and media to externalise and represent their form ideas. This paper presents a review of design research literature regarding externalisation activities in design process: sketching, building physical models and digital modelling. The aim has been to review research on the roles of media and representations in design processes, and highlight knowledge gaps and questions for future research.

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