scholarly journals Newspaper media representation of electronic cigarette use during pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Moyse ◽  
Abby Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Smoking In Pregnancy ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Inductive Thematic Analysis ◽  
In Pregnancy ◽  
Newspaper Articles

ABSTRACT Background Smoking during pregnancy is associated with many adverse foetal outcomes, and electronic cigarettes (EC) have the potential to aid women to quit smoking in pregnancy. The mass media influence how people feel about products and treatments, so it is important to establish how they portray EC use during pregnancy. Methods UK newspaper articles which mentioned EC use during pregnancy were identified using the database Lexis Library. Articles were assigned a category (positive, negative or neutral), and an inductive thematic analysis was conducted to identify themes within the articles. Results Of the 55 newspaper articles, 16 (29%) were positive, 32 (58%) were negative and 7 (13%) were neutral. Four overarching themes were found within the 55 articles: ‘advice’, ‘impact on health of the foetus’, ‘uncertainty’ and ‘awareness’. Large increases in the frequency of articles reporting on EC were noticed between November 2015 and March 2016 and between February and March 2018. Conclusions The UK mass media mainly portray EC use during pregnancy as negative, which could impact women’s decisions to use these devices in pregnancy. More research is needed to investigate the true effectiveness of EC to aid smoking cessation in pregnancy.

scholarly journals Attitudes to E-Cigarettes and Cessation Support for Pregnant Women from English Stop Smoking Services: A Mixed Methods Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sue Cooper ◽  
Sophie Orton ◽  
Katarzyna A. Campbell ◽  
Michael Ussher ◽  
Naomi Coleman-Haynes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Smoking In Pregnancy ◽  
Stop Smoking ◽  
Quitting Smoking ◽  
Stop Smoking Services ◽  
The Uk ◽  
In Pregnancy

Smoking in pregnancy remains a public health problem. In the UK e-cigarettes are the most popular aid to quitting smoking outside of pregnancy, but we don’t know the extent of e-cigarette use in pregnancy or how English Stop Smoking Services (SSS) respond to pregnant women who vape. In 2015 we surveyed SSS managers about cessation support for pregnant women and responses to clients who vaped. Subsequently we interviewed a sub-sample of managers to seek explanations for the SSS’ position on e-cigarettes; interviews were thematically analysed. Survey response rate was 67.8% (72/106); overall managers reported 2.2% (range 1.4–4.3%) of pregnant clients were using e-cigarettes. Most SSS reported supporting pregnant women who already vaped, but would not recommend e-cigarette use; for women that were still smoking and not using e-cigarettes, 8.3% of SSS were likely/very likely to advise using e-cigarettes, with 56.9% of SSS unlikely/very unlikely to advise using them. Fifteen respondents were interviewed; interviewees were generally positive about the potential of e-cigarettes for cessation in pregnancy although concerns about perceived lack of evidence for safety were expressed and most wanted research on this. Clear guidance on e-cigarette use informed by pregnancy specific research will assist SSS to provide consistent evidence-based support.

scholarly journals Patterns of combustible and electronic cigarette use during pregnancy and associated pregnancy outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette K. Regan ◽  
Gavin Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Pregnancy Risk ◽  
Safe Alternative ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Pregnant Smokers

AbstractAlthough pregnant smokers may perceive electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) as safe alternatives to smoking combustible cigarettes, few studies have evaluated perinatal e-cigarette use and its associated health effects. We analyzed data from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS, 2016–2018) for 16,022 women who recently gave birth and reported smoking combustible cigarettes prior to pregnancy. Using average marginal predictive values from multivariable logistic regression to produce adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs), we estimated the prevalence of combustible cigarette smoking during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes associated with e-cigarette use. In total, 14.8% of smoking women reported using e-cigarettes prior to pregnancy. There was no association between e-cigarette use prior to pregnancy and combustible cigarette smoking during pregnancy (aPR 0.95; 95% CI 0.88, 1.02); however, e-cigarette use during pregnancy was associated with higher prevalence of combustible cigarette smoking during pregnancy (aPR 1.65; 95% CI 1.52, 1.80). In this sample, we did not observe evidence to support reduced risk of preterm birth, small-for-gestational age and low birthweight compared to combustible cigarette smoking during pregnancy. The prevalence of LBW was higher for those who used e-cigarettes, even exclusively, compared to women who quit smoking cigarettes entirely. These results suggest that e-cigarettes should not be considered a safe alternative to combustible cigarette smoking during pregnancy.

Nicotine and Cotinine Levels With Electronic Cigarette

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Marsot ◽  
N. Simon
Keyword(s):  
Peak Concentration ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Electronic Cigarette ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Tobacco Cigarette ◽  
Nicotine Delivery ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Urge To Smoke ◽  
Reasons For Use

Background: Since their introduction in 2004, electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have gained popularity worldwide. E-cigarettes are marketed as nicotine delivery devices. Commonly reported reasons for use include to quit smoking, to reduce urge to smoke, or the perceived lower risk alternative to smoking. But what are the actual amounts of nicotine delivered? Aim: This review summarizes all the published studies concerning nicotine or cotinine levels following e-cigarette use. Methods: A literature search was conducted from the PubMed database, from 1985 to January 2014, using the following terms: electronic cigarette(s), e-cigarette(s), electronic nicotine delivery system, cotinine, and nicotine. Articles were excluded if they were not pertinent according to our criteria. References of all relevant articles were also evaluated. Results: Eight studies were included in this review. The following information was extracted from the articles: population size, age of participants, recruitment, inclusion and exclusion criteria, concentration of nicotine in refills liquids, study sample design, and observed concentrations. Following design of studies, plasma nicotine Cmax was observed between 0 and 5 ng/mL (no significant changes) or between 13.9 and 16.3 ng/mL (similar to a tobacco cigarette) with a Tmax between 70 and 75 minutes. Cotinine levels after “vaping” an e-cigarette are similar to a tobacco cigarette. Conclusion: This review summarizes e-cigarette studies that contain information on nicotine or cotinine levels. The peak concentration of nicotine appears to be dependent on the use and dose level of e-cigarette cartridge. The value of this peak concentration is similar to the value found with a tobacco cigarette. However, the time corresponding to the peak concentration is delayed compared to a tobacco cigarette.

scholarly journals Ancestral smoking and developmental outcomes: A review of publications from a population birth cohort

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Golding ◽  
Marcus Pembrey ◽  
Yasmin Iles-Caven ◽  
Sarah Watkins ◽  
Matthew Suderman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Smoking In Pregnancy ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Paternal Grandmother ◽  
Sex Specificity ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Offspring Health ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract The adverse effects on the child of maternal smoking in pregnancy is well-recognised, but little research has been carried out on the possible non-genetic effects of ancestral smoking prior to the pregnancy including parental initiation of cigarette smoking in their own childhoods or a grandmother smoking during pregnancy. Here we summarise the studies that have been published mainly using data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). We demonstrate evidence that ancestral smoking prior to or during pregnancy can often be beneficial for offspring health and both ancestor- and sex-specific. More specifically, we report evidence of (i) adverse effects of the father starting to smoke pre-puberty on his son’s development; (ii) beneficial effects on the grandson if his maternal grandmother had smoked in pregnancy; and (iii) mainly adverse effects on the granddaughter when the paternal grandmother had smoked in pregnancy. The ancestor- and sex-specificity of these results is consistent with earlier studies reporting associations of health and mortality with ancestral food supply in their parents’ and grandparents’ pre-pubertal childhoods.

scholarly journals Maternal smoking during pregnancy and asthma during the first year of life: a comparative study between smokers and non-smoker mothers

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 32-41
Author(s):  
Cristina Rivas Juesas ◽  
Lucia Fernández Monge ◽  
Ana Delgado Vicente ◽  
Ana Ledo García ◽  
Maribel Giner Crespo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Smoking ◽  
First Year ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Smoking In Pregnancy ◽  
Smoking Group ◽  
One Year ◽  
Care Problems ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: We investigated the relationship between maternal smoking in pregnancy and health care problems in the offspring during the first year of life, particularly asthma.Material and Methods: A cohort of 648 consecutive infants born at term and alive at Hospitalde Sagunto (Valencia, Spain) over one year period was followed for 12 months. Clinical data of the infants were prospectively collected from the database of ambulatory medical records (ABUCASIS) of the Valencia health system.Results: Smoking during pregnancy was recorded in 164 (25.3%) mothers. During the first year of life, asthma was diagnosed in 101 infants, with an incidence of 15.7%. The diagnoses of asthma (25.6% vs. 12.3%; P < 0.0001) and bronchiolitis (44.5% vs. 28.6%; P = 0.0002) during the first year of life were more common among infants in the smoking group. The probability of developing asthma during the first year of life was two-fold higher for the male gender and 2.5 times higher when mothers smoked while pregnant. Up to 52% of asthma cases could have been avoided in infants born to smoking mothers if they did not smoke during pregnancy. Infants in the smoking group showed a lower weight and length at birth than infants in the nonsmoking group differences almost disappeared at 6 months and 12 months.Conclusion: Asthma during the first year of life showed a clear relationship with maternal smoking in pregnancy. Pregnant women should be advised of the significant perinatal risk for respiratory diseases associated with tobacco use.

scholarly journals Electronic cigarettes

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spencer Kaspick ◽  
BCIT School of Health Sciences, Environmental Health ◽  
Helen Heacock
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Electronic Cigarette ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Post Secondary ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Quitting Smoking ◽  
Chi Squared

  Background: Electronic cigarettes are a widely-used, yet still emerging technology. As such, there is relatively little data regarding the reasons why people take up their use. Many claim to use them as a smoking-cessation method. Concern exists that experimentation in non-smokers may lead to nicotine addiction and subsequent smoking. The purpose of this study was to determine the primary reasons for the commencement of electronic cigarette use, and to suggest way in which these findings could affect current policies and regulations pertaining to electronic cigarettes. Methods: A survey examining electronic cigarette use was prepared. The survey contained questions respecting primary motivation for use, frequency of use, present and former smoking status as well as agreement with common perception about electronic cigarettes. Basic demographic information was also collected. The survey was posted to “www.reddit.com” and was accessible to users who used electronic cigarettes themselves via the “/r/electronic_cigarettes” sub-Reddit for a period of five days. Once responses were collected, Chi-square tests of independence were run to determine if any associations existed. Responses were also compared to previous studies of a similar nature to see if any similarities existed. Results: In total, 155 responses were received. The majority of the respondents were males (89.7%) between the ages of 19 and 28 (47.7%). 30.32% listed their occupation as “student”, and almost three-quarters of the respondents had some post-secondary experience. 78.1% of respondents were former smokers, and 61.3% identified their primary reason for electronic cigarette use as “to quit smoking.” Chi-squared tests for association between responses yielded statistically-significant associations between being a previous smoker and believing that electronic-cigarettes are healthier than conventional cigarettes, and between gender (specifically being male) and reasons for electronic cigarette use (specifically “to quit smoking”). However, the latter result was possibly skewed by a higher response rate from males as opposed to females. Conclusion: The high proportion of previous smokers among electronic cigarette users suggested that quitting smoking was the most common reason individuals take up electronic cigarette usage. It is therefore suggested that studies be done to determine if their use is less harmful than that of conventional cigarettes, and that existing legislation regarding their use in public be modified in light of this evidence. It is also suggested that they be given consideration as a legitimate means of smoking cessation.  

Isolation, Marginalisation and Disempowerment – Understanding How Interactions with Health Providers Can Influence Smoking Cessation in Pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cherise Fletcher ◽  
Elizabeth Hoon ◽  
Angela Gialamas ◽  
Gustaaf Dekker ◽  
John Lynch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Healthcare Barriers ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Smoking In Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract BackgroundMaternal smoking during pregnancy can lead to serious adverse health outcomes for both women and their infants. While smoking in pregnancy has declined over time, it remains consistently higher in women with lower socioeconomic circumstances. Furthermore, fewer women in this group will successfully quit during pregnancy. AimThis study explores the barriers to smoking cessation experienced by socially disadvantaged pregnant women and investigates how interactions with health providers can influence their smoking cessation journey.Methodsomen (either pregnant or birthed in the previous 10 years, who smoked or quit smoking in pregnancy) were recruited from a metropolitan public hospital antenatal clinic in South Australia and community organisations in surrounding suburbs. Seventeen women participated in qualitative semi-structured small focus groups or interviews. The focus groups and interviews were recorded, transcribed and thematically analysed. FindingsFour interconnected themes were identified: 1) smoking embedded in women’s challenging lives and pregnancies, 2) cyclic isolation and marginalisation, 3) feeling disempowered, and 4) autonomy and self-determination. Themes 3 and 4 are characterised as being two sides of a single coin in that they coexist simultaneously and are inseparable. A key finding is a strong unanimous desire for smoking cessation in pregnancy but women felt they did not have the necessary support from health providers or confidence and self-efficacy to be successful.ConclusionWomen would like improvements to antenatal care that increase health practitioners’ understanding of the social and contextual healthcare barriers faced by women who smoke in pregnancy. They seek assistance from health providers to make informed choices about smoking cessation and would like women-centred care. Women feel that with greater support, consistency and encouragement from health providers they could be more successful at antenatal smoking cessation.

Smoking during pregnancy: A population-based study

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gudrun Nina Oskarsdottir ◽  
Hedinn Sigurdsson ◽  
Kristjan G. Gudmundsson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Healthcare Setting ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Health Care Centre ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Smoking In Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy

Aims: Tobacco is a major cause of disease and mortality in modern times. The risk of smoking in pregnancy is a serious threat to the development and future health of an unborn child. The aim of this study was to explore the epidemiological factors associated with smoking during pregnancy in a primary healthcare setting. Methods: All 856 maternity records at the Glaesibaer Health Care Centre in Reykjavik during 2006–2013 were reviewed and information on smoking habits investigated. Results: The records showed that in 108 (12.2%) pregnancies, women smoked at first visit and 63 stopped smoking in early pregnancy, leaving 45 (5.3%) mothers smoking throughout the whole gestational period. The mean age of the smoking women was 27.8 years and for the non-smokers 29.7 years. Low social status (odds ratio (OR) = 2.66; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.19–5.96), previous mental health diagnosis (OR = 2.7; 95% CI: 1.3–5.6), and unstable relationship with a partner (OR = 3.78; 95% CI: 2.1–7.0) were associated with smoking. Smoking fewer cigarettes was associated with a 0.04-unit lower risk of smoking during pregnancy (OR = 0.04: 95% CI: 0.02–0.08). Conclusions: Our results indicated that the women who smoked during pregnancy were often heavy smokers and living without a partner. They were younger, had worse mental health, and a lower social status than those pregnant women who did not smoke. Bearing in mind the consequence of smoking in pregnancy, this subgroup should get increased assistance to quit smoking before and during early pregnancy, as well as appropriate medical and social support.

scholarly journals Electronic Cigarettes and Fecundability: Results From a Prospective Preconception Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyssa F Harlow ◽  
Elizabeth E Hatch ◽  
Amelia K Wesselink ◽  
Kenneth J Rothman ◽  
Lauren A Wise
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Joint Associations ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Although electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) aerosol contains similar toxicants to combustible cigarettes, few studies have examined their influence on fecundability. We assessed the association between e-cigarette use and fecundability, overall and according to combustible cigarette smoking history, in a cohort of 4,586 North American women (aged 21–45 years) enrolled during 2017–2020 in Pregnancy Study Online, a Web-based prospective preconception study. Women reported current and former e-cigarette use on baseline and follow-up questionnaires, and they completed bimonthly follow-up questionnaires until self-reported pregnancy or censoring. Fecundability ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using proportional probabilities models, controlling for potential confounders. Overall, 17% of women had ever used e-cigarettes and 4% were current users. Compared with never use of e-cigarettes, current e-cigarette use was associated with slightly lower fecundability (fecundability ratio = 0.84, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.67, 1.06). Compared with current nonusers of e-cigarettes and combustible cigarettes, fecundability ratios were 0.83 (95% CI: 0.54, 1.29) for current dual users of e-cigarettes and combustible cigarettes, 0.91 (95% CI: 0.70, 1.18) for current e-cigarette users who were nonsmokers of combustible cigarettes, and 1.01 (95% CI: 0.85, 1.20) for nonusers of e-cigarettes who were current smokers of combustible cigarettes. Current e-cigarette use was associated with slightly reduced fecundability, but estimates of its independent and joint associations with combustible cigarette smoking were inconsistent and imprecise.

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