scholarly journals A scent of romance: human putative pheromone affects men’s sexual cognition

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 719-726
Author(s):  
Chen Oren ◽  
Leehe Peled-Avron ◽  
Simone G Shamay-Tsoory
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Social Cognition ◽  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Emotional Reaction ◽  
Interpersonal Perception ◽  
Neural Systems ◽  
Control Solution ◽  
Perception Task ◽  
Human Functioning ◽  
Human Pheromone

Abstract Previous studies suggest that the putative human pheromone estratetraenol affects several systems underlying human functioning and appears to activate neural systems that are known to affect sexual behavior. In this study, we investigated whether exposure to estratetraenol affects men’s social cognition abilities. In the first experiment, men performed the Interpersonal Perception task while being exposed to estratetraenol and to a control solution. Men performed the task with better accuracy while being exposed to estratetraenol. This improvement was evident especially in the Intimacy category where participants evaluated romantic relationships. In a second experiment, we exposed a different sample of men to estratetraenol and to a control solution while performing a task that implicitly measured their emotional reaction to photos depicting two humans either romantically touching or not, with a control condition of two inanimate objects either touching or not. We found that the participants’ emotional reaction to touch was stronger under exposure to estratetraenol. Together, these results suggest that exposure to estratetraenol may trigger a change in men’s social cognition, especially in sexually related situations.

Social Anxiety and Performance in an Interpersonal Perception Task

1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 991-996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan E. Schroeder ◽  
Sandra M. Ketrow
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Communication Apprehension ◽  
Interpersonal Perception ◽  
Criterion Measure ◽  
Perception Task ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
And Performance

The Interpersonal Perception Task-15 videotape served as a criterion measure to test hypotheses about individual differences in interpersonal perception. 160 undergraduates completed the Personal Report of Communication Apprehension Scale, the Shyness and Sociability Scale, and the Interpersonal Perception Task-15. Scores on the Communication Apprehension Scale were negatively correlated with Interpersonal Perception Task-15 scores, as predicted. Scores on the Shyness scale were negatively correlated with scores on the Interpersonal Perception Task-15, while Sociability scale scores were positively correlated. These results underscore the association between social anxiety and interpersonal perception.

A Method for Teaching about Verbal and Nonverbal Communication

1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Costanzo ◽  
Dane Archer
Keyword(s):  
Nonverbal Communication ◽  
Communication Channels ◽  
Interpersonal Perception ◽  
Nonverbal Cues ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Objective Criterion ◽  
Instructional Techniques ◽  
Perception Task ◽  
Accurate Judgment

A method for teaching about verbal and nonverbal communication is described. The Interpersonal Perception Task (IPT) consists of a videotape of 30 brief scenes. Viewers answer interpretive questions by decoding the verbal and nonverbal cues in the scenes. Information is presented in all communication channels; several categories of interaction are represented; and for each scene, there is an objective criterion of accurate judgment. Instructional techniques using the IPT highlight the subtlety and complexity of communication cues, teach about specific cues to accuracy, demonstrate the relative importance of communication channels, and help students understand the process of interpretation.

Influence of family structure on sexual behavior of Turkish female adolescents

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasemin Tasci ◽  
Berfu Demir ◽  
Muberra Kocak ◽  
Fedi Ercan ◽  
Burak Karadag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Family Structure ◽  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Romantic Relationship ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Family Structures ◽  
Working Out

Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the link between romantic relationship and/or sexual activity of adolescents, and family structure. Methods: Medical records of 1087 adolescent girls were evaluated for age, statute (student, working, out-of-school), incidence of romantic relationship and sexual activity, and family structures. Results: Teenager students had significantly less romantic relationships and experience of sexual intercourse than other groups. Parent-adolescent communication was negatively correlated with absence of romantic relationship and sexual intercourse. Conclusion: Adolescents who have left school and are working constitute a population having higher romantic relationships and sexual intercourse experiences compared with the student adolescents. Good relationships with parents were associated with less risky sexual behavior. Close relationships with school delay the onset of sexual activity.

scholarly journals Interpersonal Perception of Time-Use Patterns in Romantic Relationships: The IP-COUPLE Study Protocol (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romain Bertrand ◽  
Brenda Vrkljan ◽  
Nicolas Kühne ◽  
Linda Charvoz ◽  
Nicolas Vuillerme
Keyword(s):  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Study Protocol ◽  
Time Use ◽  
Time Allocation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Interpersonal Perception ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Perception Of Time

BACKGROUND Interpersonal perception (IP) is defined as the reciprocal perceptions between two individuals and the degree of congruence between these perceptions. People in coupled relationships should develop accurate and prescient beliefs and perceptions about the other. So, understanding how each partner respectively perceives their level of integration in their couple is fundamental when addressing couples. But it is also important to consider how they view themselves as a coupled entity. Among other variables that are part of a couple relationship, each partner’s time-use patterns, namely the time allocation to one’s daily activities, have an influence on romantic relationships, considering the necessity of time allocation for shared activities between spouses, especially leisure and social activities. But the association between IP and its influence on couples has not yet been fully examined, especially when considering the couple as an entity alongside the independent perspective of each respective partner. OBJECTIVE IP-COUPLES study protocol aims to investigate the extent to which interpersonal perceptions of time-use patterns between partners is related to the interpersonal perception of time-use patterns of each individual as well as the coupled entity. Secondary objectives are threefold : 1) to determine the association between an individual’s self-assessment of his/her own time-use patterns, and their perception of this variable from the point of view of their respective partner, 2) to determine the association between one’s self-assessment of time-use patterns and their joint perception of this variable as a couple, 3) to determine the association between an individual’s perception of time-use patterns from the point of view of their respective partner and perception of time-use patterns from the perspective of the couple as a joint entity. METHODS This protocol is designed for a cross-sectional study. Using a set of questionnaires, the investigator will administrate a set of questionnaires to couples from a convenient sample. Questionnaires including a measure of time-use patterns, the Life-Balance Inventory, and socio-demographic questions, will be administered face-to-face, firstly individually with each partner. Partners will then collaborate to answer to the questionnaires as a couple. Using the scores, a model described in literature will be applied to measure IP of time-use patterns between partners and between each partner and the couple as a joint entity. Statistics calculations will be supported by SPSS Software RESULTS The IP-COUPLES study protocol was designed and built between 2019 and 2020. The enrollment will begin in June 2020 and will continue until March 2021. Analysis and presentation of results will be available at the end of 2021. CONCLUSIONS Findings could demonstrate differences in perceptions of time-use patterns between partners, and between each partner and the couple as a joint entity. Therefore, considerations for interventions on these differences will be explored.

scholarly journals MOTIVE OF “LOVE” IN THE POETIC AND PROSE CREATIVE WORKS OF ANNETTE VON DROSTE-HÜLSHOFF: MEANS OF VERBALIZATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
Bilous N.V.
Keyword(s):  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Emotional Reaction ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Critical View ◽  
Fundamental Feature ◽  
Love Relationships ◽  
Semantic Fields ◽  
Interpretative Analysis ◽  
General Scientific

Purpose of the present research is to analyze A.Droste’s creative arsenal in revealing the theme of love in poetry of different periods of the author’s work as well as in her unfinished novel “Bei uns zu Lande auf dem Lande”. The purpose was to identify the correlation between the facts of Droste’s personal life and the statements of her lyrical heroes about romantic relationships and the search for love and mutuality in relationships.Methods. The research is based on general scientific methods of analysis and includes the use of biographical, semantic and stylistic, comparative methods, linguopoetic interpretation, as well as interpretative analysis of the context.Results. The results of the research made it possible to establish Droste’s tendency to represent two types of love relationships and to identify the means of verbalization of the concept “love”. Based on the biographical method, a correlation between the biographical facts and the perspectives in love relations of the characters of the author’s two poetic cycles has been established. The biographical nature of the male protagonist’s image in her prose work has been considered. An interpretative analysis of the mythological images and symbols in Droste’s epistles from the cycle “Gedichte vermischten Inhalt” has been performed.Conclusions. Droste’s creative palette is characterized by the richness and diversity of semantic fields of the concept “love” and the skilful use of the system of mythological images to maximize the author’s representation of the multidimensional nature of the lyrical characters’ feelings, including both their emotional reaction and critical view of life. Either in poetry or in prose, Droste highlights two categories of love relationships: love-passion and love-friendship. The study of the works from different periods of the author’s life has revealed that the above mentioned duality of love was clearly realized by Droste, and thus was represented in her literary work, both in the early periods and in the cycles of 1842–1844. The fundamental feature of representing the romantic feelings of Droste’s characters is unconditionality: the lyrical characters rely on their own past and do not hesitate to draw strength and inspiration for further personal searches and shared experiences.Key words: biographicality, system of mythological images, mythological symbol, epistle, creative palette. Метою представленого дослідження є аналіз творчого арсеналу А.фон Дросте-Гюльсхоф для розкриття теми любові у поетичних творах з різних періодів творчості майстрині та у її незавершеному романі «Bei uns zu Lande auf dem Lande». За мету також поставлено встановлення кореляції фактів особистого життя авторки і висловлень її ліричних героїв щодо роман-тичних стосунків та пошуку любові та взаємності у коханні.Методи. Дослідження ґрунтується на загальнонаукових методах аналізу і включає біографічний, семантико-стилістичний та порівняльний методи, лінгво-поетичну інтерпретацію, а також контекстуальний інтерпретаційний аналіз.Результати. Результати дослідження дозволили встановити тяжіння А.фон Дросте-Гюльсхоф до зображення двох видів любовних стосунків, а також засоби вербалізації концепту «кохання». На основі біографічного методу встановлено кореляцію між біографічними фактами та проблематикою у любовних стосунках персонажів двох поетичних циклів авторки. Розглянуто біографічність образу головного чоловічого героя у прозовому творі. Здійснено інтерпретаційний аналіз міфообразів та сим-волів у епістолах А.фон Дросте-Гюльсхоф з циклу «Gedichte vermischten Inhalt». Висновки. Творча палітра А.фон Дросте-Гюльсхоф характеризується багатством і розмаїттям семантичних полів концепту «кохання» та майстерним використанням системи міфообразів для максимальної реалізації авторського представлення усієї багатоплановості почуттів ліричних героїв, зокрема як емоційної реакції і одночасно критичного погляду на власне життя. Як у поетичній творчості, так і у прозових творах А.фон Дросте-Гюльсхоф висвітлює дві категорії любовних стосунків: любов-пристрасть та любов-дружбу. Дослідження творів різних періодів життя авторки демонструє, що вище названа подвійність любові була чітко усвідомленою А.фон Дросте-Гюльсхоф і, відповідно, втілена в літературній творчості, як у ранніх періодах, так і в циклах 1842–1844 років. Фундаментальною ознакою представлення романтичних почуттів персонажів А.фон Дросте-Гюльсхоф є беззастережність: ліричні герої спираються на власне минуле і не вагаючись черпають сили і натхнення для подальших поодиноких пошуків і спільних переживань.Ключові слова: біографічність, система міфообразів, міфологічний символ, епістола, творча палітра.

scholarly journals Computational modelling of social cognition and behaviour—a reinforcement learning primer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia L Lockwood ◽  
Miriam C Klein-Flügge
Keyword(s):  
Reinforcement Learning ◽  
Social Cognition ◽  
Observational Learning ◽  
Impression Formation ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Computational Modelling ◽  
Neural Systems ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Social neuroscience aims to describe the neural systems that underpin social cognition and behaviour. Over the past decade, researchers have begun to combine computational models with neuroimaging to link social computations to the brain. Inspired by approaches from reinforcement learning theory, which describes how decisions are driven by the unexpectedness of outcomes, accounts of the neural basis of prosocial learning, observational learning, mentalizing and impression formation have been developed. Here we provide an introduction for researchers who wish to use these models in their studies. We consider both theoretical and practical issues related to their implementation, with a focus on specific examples from the field.

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