scholarly journals Channels and processes of knowledge transfer: How does knowledge move between university and industry?

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluca Fabiano ◽  
Andrea Marcellusi ◽  
Giampiero Favato
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Transport Mechanisms ◽  
Best Fitting ◽  
Knowledge And Technology Transfer ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
Transfer Mechanisms

Abstract The role of knowledge and technology transfer between academia and the industry has received increasing attention in the analysis of innovation. This article aims to explore the scientific literature concerning knowledge transport mechanisms and describe how the topic was organized by previous studies and terminologies applied. A systematic review was conducted in which the content of recent contributions best fitting these intensions was analysed. The characteristics of knowledge, individuals, organizations, and disciplines were found to be the main determinants in the adoption of transfer mechanisms. These were classified in terms of formalization, relational involvement, direction, and time. On the revealed multi-dimensionality of knowledge transfer and complementarity between transfer activities we framed a new taxonomy distinguishing between channels and processes. Future research may deepen these factors, such as the economic aspects driving the adoption of transfer mechanisms informing decisions on the funding of innovation.

The role of internalizing and externalizing liability factors in accounting for gender differences in the prevalence of common psychopathological syndromes

2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark D. Kramer ◽  
Robert F. Krueger ◽  
Brian M. Hicks
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Latent Factor ◽  
Gender Invariance ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Best Fitting ◽  
Invariance Model ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

BackgroundWe hypothesized that gender differences in average levels on the internalizing and externalizing factors that account for co-morbidity among common psychopathological syndromes in both men and women account for gender differences in the prevalence of specific syndromes.MethodThe latent structure of 11 syndromes was examined in a middle-aged (mean age=52.66 years, s.d.=5.82) sample of 2992 (37% men) members of the community-based Minnesota Twin Registry (MTR) assessed using 10 scales of the Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire (PDSQ) and an adult antisocial behavior scale. Confirmatory factorial invariance models were applied to a best-fitting, internalizing–externalizing model.ResultsA ‘strong gender invariance model’ fit best, indicating that gender differences in the means of individual syndromes were well accounted for by gender differences in mean levels of internalizing and externalizing. Women exhibited higher mean levels of internalizing (d=0.23) and lower mean levels of externalizing (d=−0.52) than men.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that risk factors for common mental disorders exhibiting gender differences may influence prevalence at the latent factor level. Future research may benefit from focusing on both the latent factor and individual syndrome levels in explaining gender differences in psychopathology.

Research of Knowledge Transfer Mechanisms and Environmental Uncertaint towards Renewable Energy in Thailand

2014 ◽  
Vol 522-524 ◽  
pp. 1850-1852
Author(s):  
Chun Wang Tsou ◽  
Pakarapong Supakarapongkul ◽  
Saksit Pornjirattikal ◽  
Yin Tsuo Huang
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Environmental Uncertainty ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Dynamic Capability ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Knowledge Transfers ◽  
Energy Companies ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Transfer Mechanisms

This explanatory research explores the relationship among environmental uncertainty, knowledge transfers mechanisms, dynamic capability, and competitive advantage. A total of 235 project managers employed by energy companies in Thailand were invited to participate in the study. The findings indicated that (a) through knowledge transfer mechanisms, project teams could develop an energy enterprises core competence and build its competitive advantage, (b) the relationship between environmental uncertainty and knowledge transfer mechanisms is negative, and (c) dynamic capability and competitive advantage have a positive relationship. The limitations of the study regarding generalization, and recommendations for future research to replicate the study in other countries, are also included.

scholarly journals Evaluation of knowledge transfer practices from a Leibniz Perspective

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Fascia
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Possible Worlds ◽  
Business Context ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The Many ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
Start Ups ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Transfer Mechanisms

In recent years, there has been a growing number of subspecialties within the context of business management, which have begun to talk seriously about a notion of religious points of view in a business context. In this paper we unpack a view from Gottfried Leibniz (1646 – 1716) and to a lesser extent Kant (1724- 1804) and Hegel (1770-1831) in relation to this perspective with a view to interpret the complexity and the role of religion in this arena. Leibniz famously argued that the universe as it currently exists, has to be “the best of all possible worlds,” since an omniscient creator would know all possibilities, and, therefore select the best available options for a starting and ending point. We argue that, although dichotically opposed to the many contemporary empirical attitudes, this perspective still has an inherent and modern-day stance, representative to both business theory and decision making via knowledge transfer mechanisms. Thus, we examine why business start- ups evolve and what effect a religious element has on the central caveat for businesses wishing to achieve success and maintain competitive advantage options, perspectives and scenarios. In this regards, we look at a significant amount of literature, in a bid to understand both the problematic nature surrounding the mechanics used to establish meaningful baselines from the many perspectives. The paper then summarises these theoretical baselines into segmented contexts for discussion

scholarly journals The role of religious experience in the knowledge transfer process

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Fascia
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Knowledge Creation ◽  
Business Success ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
Business Context ◽  
Context Knowledge ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Transfer Mechanisms

The importance given to knowledge in relation to business success has never been sogreat as it is today and there is a substantive amount of important and informed studiesreflecting this. Nonetheless, informed approaches by prominent authors generally focuson knowledge transfer mechanisms and the efficiency of these mechanisms to supportand deliver competitive advantage (Nonaka, 1994; Grant, 1996; Argote and Ingram,2000; Alavi and Leidner, 2001). An overarching objective of understanding efficientknowledge transfer is therefore a central caveat for businesses wishing to achievesuccess and maintain competitive advantage since it is clear that any significantdegradation of efficiency will directly affect this objective. Many studies do recognisedthe creation of knowledge as a significant factor in determining how effectively abusiness develops, and knowledge creation, theorised by (Nonaka and Takeuchi, 1995),is used as a baseline for numerous historic and current studies. To date however, therehave been few studies which denote the affect of socio-cultural or religious phenomenawithin a transfer scenario as significant, and how this interaction may affect the outcomeof the knowledge shared or exchanged in a business context. This paper thereforeexamines how, in a business context, knowledge transfer is influenced by perspectivesgiven to the knowledge. This rational is deliberate since the transfer of knowledge israrely a simple unproblematic event, (Argote et al., 2000). In this regards, we look at asignificant amount of literature and research which has been constructed in a bid tounderstand both the problematic nature surrounding the mechanics of the transfersequence and definition of the term ‘knowledge’ to support the establishment ofmeaningful baselines. The paper then summarises these theoretical baselines intosegmented contexts with deliberate intention

scholarly journals Damage in Cactaceae, their geographic distribution and new evidences

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-567
Author(s):  
David Bravo-Avilez ◽  
José Alejandro Zavala-Hurtado ◽  
Beatriz Rendón-Aguilar
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
New Records ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Background Field ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Central Mexico ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Columnar Cacti

Background: Field observations of damage in columnar cacti of central Mexico, and previous evidence in scientific literature, indicated the absence of systematic information about kinds of damage, vectors, and pathogens, in this botanical family.Questions: How is the knowledge of damage and defense mechanisms in cacti? Is there a pattern in causal agents and their geographical distribution in the Americas?Methods: A database of 58 taxa by 51 types of damage was developed from literature recorded in ISI Web of Knowledge, Cabdirect, and Google Scholar, and it was analyzed by multivariate methods.Results: From 1,500 species of Cactaceae, only 58 have been studied through this scope. Subfamily Cactoideae has been the most studied, in particular tribe Echinocereeae (= Pachycereeae columnar cacti). Multivariate analysis grouped cacti according to the kind of damage: biotic, or abiotic. Damage due to biotic factors was sub-grouped depending on the herbivores. Damage by abiotic factors is more frequent in extreme latitudes. Fourteen species of columnar cacti were reported with herbivory and rot damage in Central Mexico, of which eight represent new records of damaged cacti.  Conclusions: The evidence from field observations, and few recent publications suggest that some generalist herbivores are becoming dangerous in this region, Future research is necessary in order to understand the dynamics of the dispersion of some kinds of damage, the role of human disturbance, and the role and changes in defense mechanisms in wild and domesticated cacti.

Knowledge transfer in international asymmetric alliances: the key role of translation, artifacts, and proximity

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1272-1291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadia Bahri Korbi ◽  
Mourad Chouki
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Knowledge Generation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Work Processes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Medium Enterprises

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the issue of knowledge transfer in the context of international asymmetric alliances. The objective is mainly to identify the barriers that can impede the knowledge transfer between asymmetric partners and to analyze the solutions adopted to overcome these barriers. Design/methodology/approach The authors use a qualitative study involving six cases of asymmetric alliances between Tunisian small-and-medium enterprises (SMEs) and European multinational corporations (MNCs). Findings The results of this research highlight a set of obstacles related to the context of asymmetric alliance itself and the nature of knowledge transferred by partners. The study emphasizes the importance of translation using artefacts by both partners and proximity with its geographical, organizational and technological dimensions to overcome these obstacles. Research limitations/implications The investigation of knowledge transfer in asymmetric alliances was based on the role played by only three proximity dimensions (geographical, organizational and technological), while other factors, such as institutional, social and cultural issues, were not considered. Indeed, future research may take these variables into account in studying solutions to overcome knowledge-transfer barriers in asymmetric alliances. Practical implications The paper calls the attention of asymmetric alliance managers to the importance of translation to perform work processes, facilitate knowledge transfer and overcome linguistic barriers. Managers should use virtual artefacts to reduce the constraints resulting from their geographical remoteness and to strengthen cooperation. Further, reinforcing geographical, organizational and technological proximity between partners involved in an international alliance is essential to facilitate knowledge transfer, essentially of tacit knowledge, and to accelerate innovation. Originality/value This study emphasizes the importance of the simultaneous role of artefacts, translation and proximity in overcoming obstacles related to the asymmetric alliance itself and the nature of knowledge transferred by partners. The results shed light on the issue of knowledge generation in asymmetric alliances.

Coping Humor as a Mediator Between Emotional Intelligence and Job Satisfaction

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peizhen Sun ◽  
Jennifer J. Chen ◽  
Hongyan Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Satisfaction Scale ◽  
Primary School Teachers ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Regulation Of Emotion ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Overall Job Satisfaction

Abstract. This study investigated the mediating role of coping humor in the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and job satisfaction. Participants were 398 primary school teachers in China, who completed the Wong Law Emotional Intelligence Scale, Coping Humor Scale, and Overall Job Satisfaction Scale. Results showed that coping humor was a significant mediator between EI and job satisfaction. A further examination revealed, however, that coping humor only mediated two sub-dimensions of EI (use of emotion and regulation of emotion) and job satisfaction. Implications for future research and limitations of the study are discussed.

Business-groups in Russian industries

2004 ◽  
pp. 121-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Avdasheva
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Organization ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Institutional Economics ◽  
Business Groups ◽  
Control Rights ◽  
Organization And Management ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
Soviet Economic System

The chapter of “Institutional Economics” textbook is devoted to the development of business-groups as a specific feature of industrial organization in the Russian economy. The main determinants of forming and functioning of business-groups such as allocation of property rights in Soviet enterprises, networks of directors and executive authorities in the Soviet economic system as well as import of new institutes and inefficient state enforcement are in the center of analysis. Origins, structure, organization and management within the groups and the role of shareholding and informal control rights are considered.

Public Administration in the Islamic World: Considering the Importance of Religion, its Values and Culture

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-38
Author(s):  
Daniel Hummel
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Core Values ◽  
Comparative Perspective ◽  
Religious Values ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
Salient Region ◽  
The People ◽  
Comparative Public Administration

A small but growing area of public administration scholarship appreciates the influence of religious values on various aspects of government. This appreciation parallels a growing interest in comparative public administration and indigenized forms of government which recognizes the role of culture in different approaches to government. This article is at the crossroads of these two trends while also considering a very salient region, the Islamic world. The Islamic world is uniquely religious, which makes this discussion even more relevant, as the nations that represent them strive towards legitimacy and stability. The history and core values of Islam need to be considered as they pertain to systems of government that are widely accepted by the people. In essence, this is being done in many countries across the Islamic world, providing fertile grounds for public administration research from a comparative perspective. This paper explores these possibilities for future research on this topic.

Moderating Role of Gender in the Relationship between Cognitive Errors and Anxiety among Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-102
Author(s):  
Tasnim Rehna ◽  
Rubina Hanif ◽  
Muhammad Aqeel
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Adolescent Psychopathology ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cognitive Errors ◽  
Adolescent Anxiety ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Status ◽  
Manifest Anxiety ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Widespread social paradigms on which the status variances are grounded in any society, gender plays pivotal role in manifestation of mental health problems (Rutter, 2007). A hefty volume of research has addressed the issue in adults nonetheless, little is vividly known about the role of gender in adolescent psychopathology. Sample: A sample of 240 adolescents (125 boys, 115 girls) aging 12-18 years was amassed from various secondary schools of Islamabad with the approval of the Federal Directorate of Education (FDE), relevant authorities of the schools and the adolescents themselves. Instruments: Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale (Taylor & Spence, 1953) and Children’s Negative Cognitive Errors Questionnaire (CNCEQ) by Leitenberg et al., (1986) were applied in present study. Results: Multiple regression analysis revealed that cognitive errors jointly accounted for 78% of variance in predicting anxiety among adolescents. Findings also exhibited that gender significantly moderated the relationship between cognitive errors and adolescent anxiety. Implications of the findings are discoursed for future research and clinical practice.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document