Incumbents’ response to demand-side policies: The case of solar and wind power sectors

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 648-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyundo Choi
Keyword(s):  
Wind Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Economic Incentive ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Alternative Technologies ◽  
Sustainable Technologies ◽  
Regulatory Policies

Abstract This work examines incumbents’ responses to two demand-side policies by focusing on their investment in new sustainable technologies. It focuses on how economic incentive and regulatory policies shape the market environment and this affects incumbents’ investment in new technologies. By using mediation and difference-in-difference regression models, it examines incumbent utilities’ investment in solar and wind power plants. It reveals that incumbent utilities under the economic incentive policy more invest in the solar and wind power than those under the regulatory policy, as it places stronger competitive pressure on incumbent utilities to adapt to the new technology. Further, incumbents prefer alternative technologies complementary to their existing competences and expand their investment in a global market under policy-induced competitive pressures.

Experimental study of thermal processes in gaseous methane at its natural convection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.A. Altunin ◽  
K.V. Altunin ◽  
M.R. Abdullin ◽  
M.R. Chigarev ◽  
I.N. Aliev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Natural Convection ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Liquid Hydrocarbon ◽  
Thermal Processes ◽  
Rocket Engines ◽  
Air Jet ◽  
Single Use

The paper discovers the reasons for the transfer of single-use or reusable ground, air, aerospace, and space-based engines and power plants from liquid hydrocarbon fuels and coolers to gaseous fuels, or rather, to liquefied natural gas methane. The study gives specific examples of creating a new technology and using methane fuel and fuel in the existing units; lists the classes of methane engines and power plants, among which the main ones being piston engines and internal combustion power plants, air-jet engines and power plants, liquid propellant rocket engines and power plants. Findings of research show that it is necessary to experimentally study gaseous methane, so that it could be effectively used in advanced single-use or reusable ground, air, aerospace and space-based engines and power plants, and their features should be taken into account when designing and developing new technologies. The study introduces the results of the experimental study of thermal processes in gaseous methane during its natural convection, describes the experimental base in detail, as well as the procedure for conducting experiments, and develops methods for calculating the heat transfer coefficient to gaseous methane relying on the research results.

Competition, Regulation and Broadband Diffusion in New Zealand

2011 ◽  
pp. 139-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bronwyn Howell
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Telecommunications Industry ◽  
Regulatory Regime ◽  
Small Range ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Regulatory Policies ◽  
Diffusion Rates ◽  
Per Capita

New Zealand offers a through-provoking case study of the effects of different competition and regulatory policies on broadband diffusion rates. Despite having one of the highest rates of Internet connection and usage in the OECD, widely available broadband infrastructure, and low broadband prices, broadband uptake per capita languishes in the bottom third of the OECD. While low uptake has typically been attributed to competition and regulatory factors associated with New Zealand’s ‘light-handed’ regulatory regime, this chapter proposes that a more credible explanation lies in a combination of New Zealand’s legacy of demand-side regulations, in particular the retail tariff options for voice telephony, and the limited value being derived by New Zealand residential consumers from the small range and narrow adoption of applications used currently that necessitate broadband connections. The New Zealand case illustrates the effect that legacy regulations can have on both the diffusion of new technologies per se and the choices made by consumers between different generational variants within that technology. The case indicates a need for more research on the effect of telecommunications industry regulations on demand-side uptake factors.

scholarly journals Energy Consumption and CO2 Emissions in Ironmaking and Development of a Novel Flash Technology

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Yong Sohn
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Furnace Process ◽  
Alternative Technologies ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Process Energy ◽  
Iron Ore Concentrate

The issues of energy consumption and CO2 emissions of major ironmaking processes, including several new technologies, are assessed. These two issues are interconnected in that the production and use of fuels to generate energy add to the total amount of CO2 emissions and the efforts to sequester or convert CO2 require energy. The amounts of emissions and energy consumption in alternate ironmaking processes are compared with those for the blast furnace, currently the dominant ironmaking process. Although more than 90% of iron production is currently through the blast furnace, intense efforts are devoted to developing alternative technologies. Recent developments in alternate ironmaking processes, which are largely driven by the needs to decrease CO2 emissions and energy consumption, are discussed in this article. This discussion will include the description of the recently developed novel flash ironmaking technology. This technology bypasses the cokemaking and pelletization/sintering steps, which are pollution prone and energy intensive, by using iron ore concentrate. This transformational technology renders large energy saving and decreased CO2 emissions compared with the blast furnace process. Economic analysis indicated that this new technology, when operated using natural gas, would be economically feasible. As a related topic, we will also discuss different methods for computing process energy and total energy requirements in ironmaking.

Introduction: hydrogen storage as solution for a changing energy landscape

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Zell ◽  
Robert Langer
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Energy Landscape ◽  
Sustainable Technologies ◽  
Bulk Energy ◽  
Dehydrogenation Reactions ◽  
Systems Requirements

Abstract The expansion of sustainable technologies and infrastructures for the production and delivery of energy to the final consumer and the development of new technologies for energy production, storage and distribution, are challenging and inevitable tasks. Power plants based on the combustion of fossil fuel resources or nuclear power plants are not suitable to provide energy in the future due to significant disadvantages and dangers associated with these outdated technologies. The development of new sustainable technologies for the production of energy is desirable. Besides focusing on the production step, the change in global energy landscape requires also new and improved energy storage systems. Requirements for these storage solutions will strongly depend on the application. Storing energy by producing and consuming hydrogen is in this context a very attractive approach. It may be suitable for storage of energy for transportation and also for the bulk energy storage. Due to physical restrictions of high pressure hydrogen storage, alternative techniques are developed. This is, in turn, an ongoing task with multidisciplinary aspects, which combines chemistry, physics, material science and engineering. Herein, we review the production and consumption of energy, different energy storage applications, and we introduce the concept of hydrogen storage based on hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions of small molecules.

Comparison of Gas Turbines and Power-to-Gas Plants for Improved Wind Park Energy Dispatchability

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulio Guandalini ◽  
Stefano Campanari ◽  
Matteo C. Romano
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Power Modulation ◽  
Renewable Power ◽  
Power To Gas

According to IEA projections for the year 2050, up to 50% of the energy demand in the next decades could be covered by non-programmable sources (e.g. wind and solar power), which can significantly affect power quality, grid stability and power generation planning. Moreover, in several countries a fast growth of installed power based on renewables could not be followed by a simultaneous growth of local grid capacities, leading to increase probability of load shedding events, reducing the productivity of renewable power plants. In this perspective, an important role will be played by technologies which allow improving the dispatchability of non-programmable renewable power plants like wind parks. While a classical approach to grid power modulation relies on gas turbines, an increasing attention is given nowadays to new technologies, not based on fossil fuels, specially focusing on the adoption of energy storage systems. Among these options, one of the most promising relies on the “power-to-gas” concept, which consists in producing hydrogen by water electrolysis and injecting it into the natural gas infrastructure, as currently considered by some research projects and demonstration-scale plants. With respect to hydrogen storage technologies, this option limits the need of a local hydrogen storage reservoir, reducing the investment costs, improving the renewable fraction of gaseous fuels and allowing to oversize the renewable installed power with respect to the grid capacity. In this work a preliminary investigation of the economic feasibility of this system is carried out, starting from the example of the forecasted scenario of wind power evolution in some EU countries. A statistical approach is applied in order to evaluate the error in energy production forecasts. As results, a preliminary sizing of the whole system is proposed, estimating the economic outlook, the possible annual energy and emission balances and the influence of the uncertainty in declared production from wind power plants. A comparison with power modulation based on gas turbines is set up in order to evaluate which are the parameters that influence the economic viability of both solutions, evidencing the different operational criteria of the two systems and their impact on the dispatchability of energy.

The Recent Revolution in High Performance Computing

MRS Bulletin ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 5-6
Author(s):  
Horst D. Simon
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Computing ◽  
High Performance ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Parallel Architecture ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Good News ◽  
Computing Industry ◽  
Time And Energy ◽  
Performance Computing

Recent events in the high-performance computing industry have concerned scientists and the general public regarding a crisis or a lack of leadership in the field. That concern is understandable considering the industry's history from 1993 to 1996. Cray Research, the historic leader in supercomputing technology, was unable to survive financially as an independent company and was acquired by Silicon Graphics. Two ambitious new companies that introduced new technologies in the late 1980s and early 1990s—Thinking Machines and Kendall Square Research—were commercial failures and went out of business. And Intel, which introduced its Paragon supercomputer in 1994, discontinued production only two years later.During the same time frame, scientists who had finished the laborious task of writing scientific codes to run on vector parallel supercomputers learned that those codes would have to be rewritten if they were to run on the next-generation, highly parallel architecture. Scientists who are not yet involved in high-performance computing are understandably hesitant about committing their time and energy to such an apparently unstable enterprise.However, beneath the commercial chaos of the last several years, a technological revolution has been occurring. The good news is that the revolution is over, leading to five to ten years of predictable stability, steady improvements in system performance, and increased productivity for scientific applications. It is time for scientists who were sitting on the fence to jump in and reap the benefits of the new technology.

The territory of the Russian Federation is a rescue from the COVID-19 coronavirus

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
Yu. Kozlov ◽  
R. Serebryakov
Keyword(s):  
Wind Power ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Small Area ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Air Spring ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Wind Power Plants ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation

A new coronavirus pandemic is raging all over the world, especially in densely populated areas. Unlike most countries, more than half of the territory of Russia is not used by humans — which means that it is possible to settle large cities to avoid crowding people on a small area. The authors of the article consider wind power, namely vortex wind power plants, as a new source of energy that can be quickly and with less harm built in rural areas. The article also discusses the possibilities of an alternative Autonomous non-volatile installation "Air spring" for obtaining fresh water from atmospheric air.

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