scholarly journals 0915 Sleep Patterns and the Effect of Late Bedtime on School-Age Children and Adolescents: Preliminary Results

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A348-A348
Author(s):  
P Matsangas ◽  
S Gratsia ◽  
A Cocos ◽  
H Vastardis ◽  
N L Shattuck
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sleep Patterns ◽  
Sleep Deficit ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction School-age children (6-13yrs) and teenagers (14-17yrs) should receive 9-11hrs and 8-10hrs of sleep/day, respectively. Several studies have shown, however, that these age groups are chronically sleep deprived. Our study assessed the sleep patterns of a sample of children and teenagers in Athens, Greece. The study is part of a larger project investigating the association between orthodontic treatment and sleep disturbances. Methods Participants (N=27; 69% females; 21 school-age children 9-13yrs, 6 teenagers 14-17yrs) were under treatment in the Orthodontic Clinic of the National and Kapodistrian University. Sleep was assessed with actigraphy/logs for 59±19 days. Results Participants slept on average 7.36±0.42hrs/day. Nighttime sleep was on average 7.23±0.43hrs (percentage sleep: 87.3%±3.38%). Four (14.8%) participants napped at least once/week. Compared to the lowest sleep duration recommended for their age group, participants showed a chronic sleep deficit of 1.42±0.52hrs/day (range: 0.32-2.15hrs). The younger age group had an average sleep deficit of ~1.6hrs compared to ~0.8hrs for the teenagers (p=0.006). During the school year, daily sleep duration increased by ~0.73hrs on weekends (7.78±0.67hrs) compared to school nights (7.05±0.48hrs; p<0.001). On average, school-age participants slept from 23:13 (±31min) until 7:19 (±22min) on school nights and from 23:23 (±2:72hrs) until 8:49 (±39min) on weekends. Teenagers slept from 00:34 (±36min) until 7:40 (±14min) on school nights and from 01:34 (±41min) until 10:34 (±48min) on weekends. Conclusion Our findings verify earlier survey results showing that restricted sleep is a problem for children and adolescents in Greece. To our surprise, both age groups go to bed quite late. The impact of late bedtime on sleep duration, however, is larger in the younger group due to their larger sleep needs. In contrast to earlier research in rural areas, napping was not common in our urban sample, probably due to extracurricular activities and studying at home. Support N/A

Nuclear War: Fear of Children and Adolescents

1990 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-4
Author(s):  
Neville J King ◽  
Kate Ollier ◽  
Eleonora Gullone
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Psychological Development ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Nuclear War ◽  
Fear Survey Schedule ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTUsing an extended fear survey schedule, 72 per cent of a sample of 8 to 16 year old children and adolescents in Australia reported a lot of fear of nuclear war. Although a high proportion of respondents in all age groups expressed a lot of fear of nuclear war, significantly more respondents in the middle age group (11-13 years) were found to be afraid. Consistent with the findings on children's fears in general, significantly more females than males reported fear of nuclear war. Further research should be undertaken on the impact of the fear of nuclear war on the psychological development of children and adolescents.

scholarly journals Nasopharyngeal Meningococcal Carriage among Children and Adolescents in Turkey in 2018: An Unexpected High Serogroup X Carriage

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 871
Author(s):  
Mahmut Can Kizil ◽  
Omer Kilic ◽  
Mehmet Ceyhan ◽  
Merve Iseri Nepesov ◽  
Adem Karbuz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Carriage Rate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
The Impact

Meningococcal carriage studies and transmission modeling can predict IMD epidemiology and used to define invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) control strategies. In this multicenter study, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence of nasopharyngeal Neisseria meningitidis (Nm) carriage, serogroup distribution, and related risk factors in Turkey. Nasopharyngeal samples were collected from a total of 1267 children and adolescents and were tested with rt-PCR. Nm carriage was detected in 96 participants (7.5%, 95% CI 6.1–9.0), with the peak age at 13 years (12.5%). Regarding age groups, Nm carriage rate was 7% in the 0–5 age group, was 6.9%in the 6–10 age group, was 7.9% in the 11–14 age group, and was 9.3% in the 15–18 age group. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups (p > 0.05). The serogroup distribution was as follows: 25% MenX, 9.4% MenA, 9.4% MenB, 2.1% MenC, 3.1% MenW, 2.1% for MenY, and 48.9% for non-groupable. The Nm carriage rate was higher in children with previous upper respiratory tract infections and with a high number of household members, whereas it was lower in children with antibiotic use in the last month (p < 0.05 for all). In this study, MenX is the predominant carriage strain. The geographical distribution of Nm strains varies, but serogroup distribution in the same country might change in a matter of years. Adequate surveillance and/or a proper carriage study is paramount for accurate/dynamic serogroup distribution and the impact of the proposed vaccination.

Clinicians’ Training and Confidence Associated With Treating School-Age Children Who Stutter

1997 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah J. Brisk ◽  
E. Charles Healey ◽  
Karen A. Hux
Keyword(s):  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Clinical Experiences ◽  
Fluency Disorders ◽  
School Based ◽  
Attitudes And Perceptions ◽  
General Improvement ◽  
University Training ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this survey was to obtain updated information on school-based speech-language pathologists’ training, confidence, attitudes, and perceptions associated with treating school-age children who stutter. A second goal was to investigate the impact of impending specialization training in fluency on service delivery to children who stutter. A total of 278 out of 500 (56%) randomly selected school clinicians certified by the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) responded to the survey. The results showed a general improvement over previous reports in clinicians’ training, confidence, and attitudes concerning providing assessment and intervention services to school-age children who stutter. However, clinicians who received their degrees in the mid-to-late 1970s were less positive regarding their preparation to evaluate and treat preschool children who stutter than those clinicians who received their degrees within the last 10 years. The results also showed that respondents have fewer successes with adolescents who stutter than with any other student age group. Although a large majority of respondents would consult and request assistance from a "fluency specialist" if one were available, only 40% reported that specialists in fluency were needed in the schools. The results suggest that university training programs need to continue offering clinical experiences with school-age children who stutter and courses devoted exclusively to fluency disorders in order to develop clinicians who feel confident evaluating and treating fluency disorders.

scholarly journals Comparison of school based and supplemental vaccination strategies in the delivery of vaccines to 5-19 year olds in Africa - a systematic review

F1000Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eposi C. Haddison ◽  
Leila H. Abdullahi ◽  
Rudzani Muloiwa ◽  
Gregory D. Hussey ◽  
Benjamin M. Kagina
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Routine Immunisation ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
School Based

Background: Some vaccine preventable diseases (VPDs) still remain a public health burden in many African countries. The occurrence of VPDs in all age groups has led to the realization of the need to extend routine immunisation services to school age children, adolescents and adults. Supplemental immunisation activities (SIAs) and school based vaccinations (SBVs) are common strategies used to complement the expanded programme on immunisation (EPI). This review aimed to assess the effectiveness of SIAs compared to SBVs in the administration of vaccines to 5-19 year olds in Africa. Methods: Systematic review methods were used to address our study aim. Several electronic databases were searched up to March 30, 2017 for primary studies investigating the delivery of vaccines via SIAs or SBVs to 5-19 year olds. This search was complemented by browsing reference lists of potential studies obtained from search outputs. Outcomes considered for inclusion were: vaccination coverage, costs of the strategy or its effect on routine immunisation services. Results: Out of the 4938 studies identified, 31 studies met the review inclusion criteria. Both SIAs and SBVs showed high vaccination coverage. However, the SIAs reported higher coverage than SBVs: 91% (95% CI: 84%, 98%) versus 75% (95% CI: 67%, 83%). In most settings, SBVs were reported to be more expensive than SIAs. The SIAs were found to negatively affect routine immunisation services. Conclusions: Both SIAs and SBVs are routinely used to complement the EPI in the delivery of vaccines in Africa. In settings where school enrolment is suboptimal, as is the case in many African countries, our results show SIAs may be more effective in reaching school age children and adolescents than SBVs. Our results re-iterate the importance of evaluating systematic evidence to best inform African authorities on the optimal vaccine delivery strategies targeting school age children and adolescents.

scholarly journals Modeling the Interruption of the Transmission of Soil-Transmitted Helminths Infections in Kenya: Modeling Deworming, Water, and Sanitation Impacts

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Collins Okoyo ◽  
Graham Medley ◽  
Charles Mwandawiro ◽  
Nelson Onyango
Keyword(s):  
Worm Burden ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Drug Efficacy ◽  
Control Program ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Regular Treatment ◽  
Soil Transmitted Helminths ◽  
Age Structured ◽  
The Impact

Kenya, just like other countries with endemic soil-transmitted helminths (STH), has conducted regular mass drug administration (MDA) program for the last 5 years among school aged children as a way to reduce STH infections burden in the country. However, the point of interruption of transmission of these infections still remains unclear. In this study, we developed and analyzed an age structured mathematical model to predict the elimination period (i.e., time taken to interrupt STH transmission) of these infections in Kenya. The study utilized a deterministic age structured model of the STH population dynamics under a regular treatment program. The model was applied to three main age groups: pre-school age children (2–4 years), school age children (5–14 years), and adult populations (≥15 years) and compared the impact of two interventions on worm burden and elimination period. The model-simulated results were compared with the 5 year field data from the Kenyan deworming program for all the three types of STH (Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, and hookworm). The model demonstrated that the reduction of worm burden and elimination period depended heavily on four parameter groups; drug efficacy, number of treatment rounds, MDA and water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) coverage. The analysis showed that for STH infections to be eliminated using MDA alone in a short time period, 3-monthly MDA plan is desired. However, complementation of MDA with WASH at an optimal (95%) coverage level was most effective. These results are important to the Kenyan STH control program as it will guide the recently launched Breaking Transmission Strategy.

scholarly journals COVID-19-mandated social restrictions unveil the impact of social time pressure on sleep and body clock

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Korman ◽  
Vadim Tkachev ◽  
Cátia Reis ◽  
Yoko Komada ◽  
Shingo Kitamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Time Pressure ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Sleep Regulation ◽  
School Work ◽  
Social Time ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
Sleep Deficit ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIn humans, sleep regulation is tightly linked to social times that assign local time to events, such as school, work, or meals. The impact of these social times, collectively—social time pressure, on sleep has been studied epidemiologically via quantification of the discrepancy between sleep times on workdays and those on work-free days. This discrepancy is known as the social jetlag (SJL). COVID-19-mandated social restrictions (SR) constituted a global intervention by affecting social times worldwide. We launched a Global Chrono Corona Survey (GCCS) that queried sleep–wake times before and during SR (preSR and inSR). 11,431 adults from 40 countries responded between April 4 and May 6, 2020. The final sample consisted of 7517 respondents (68.2% females), who had been 32.7 ± 9.1 (mean ± sd) days under SR. SR led to robust changes: mid-sleep time on workdays and free days was delayed by 50 and 22 min, respectively; sleep duration increased on workdays by 26 min but shortened by 9 min on free days; SJL decreased by ~ 30 min. On workdays inSR, sleep–wake times in most people approached those of their preSR free days. Changes in sleep duration and SJL correlated with inSR-use of alarm clocks and were larger in young adults. The data indicate a massive sleep deficit under pre-pandemic social time pressure, provide insights to the actual sleep need of different age-groups and suggest that tolerable SJL is about 20 min. Relaxed social time pressure promotes more sleep, smaller SJL and reduced use of alarm clocks.

scholarly journals Pendidikan Kesehatan dan Pelatihan Senam Brain Gym Bagi Anak Pada Anggota Persekutuan Doa Domus Dei Yogyakarta

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
T.A Erjinyuare Amigo ◽  
Paulinus Deny Krisnanto
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Keywords Children ◽  
Brain Gym ◽  
Work Activities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Parents And Caregivers

The stage of growth and development of school-age children and preschoolers is a golden age stage. This age stage all development systems including the brain work optimally. Children receive sensory and motoric responses well and are interested in new things. But unfortunately there are some exposure that is not good that should not be done at this age, such as gadgets. Access to using a mobile phone that is felt to be increasingly easy to obtain, in fact it will hamper children's development. Children become lazy to move and just like to play mobile. Although on the other hand, not all applications on mobile phones have a bad impact on children, there are also learning applications that can be used by children. Parents need to be wise in dealing with this situation, so that children do not experience addiction to play mobile phones. The impact of gadget addiction on children can vary from unstable emotions or disturbances to social interaction damage. A variety of outdoor and indoor physical activities can be used to divert the attention of children on mobile phones, one of them by doing brain gymnastics or brain gym. Brain gymnastics is a simple exercise that can stimulate brain work activities and is easily done by children. This activity was introduced in the preschool and school age groups by the service team in the community of children who joined the Domus Dei prayer meeting. The children explained that this was their first experience and was an exciting and exciting activity. The children also explained that they would repeat it again at home with both their parents and their caregivers. The purpose of this activity is to increase the interaction of children with the same age as parents and caregivers, and to introduce brain exercise skills to children. The method of activities carried out is counseling and brain exercise training in children. The results of this activity are all children appear active and happy to do brain exercise activities together. Conclusion: Brain gym activity can improve children's interactions with peer groups, and also with parents and caregivers Keywords: Children, Brain Gymnastics

scholarly journals Overweight and obesity in Mexican children and adolescents during the last 25 years

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. e247-e247 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Hernández-Cordero ◽  
L Cuevas-Nasu ◽  
M C Morales-Ruán ◽  
I Méndez-Gómez Humarán ◽  
M A Ávila-Arcos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Mexican Children ◽  
Rate Of Increase

Abstract Background/Objective: The objective of the study was to provide current estimates of the prevalence and trends of overweight and obesity (OW+OB) in Mexican children and adolescents. Subjects/Methods: Body mass index objectively measured was analyzed for 37 147 children and adolescents aged 0–19 years obtained in 2012 as part of the National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT-2012), a nationally representative sample of the Mexican population. In addition, data from previous National Nutrition Surveys obtained in 1988, 1999 and 2006 were compared with analyze trends over a 24-year period (1988–2012) for children <5 years of age and adolescents and over a 13-year period (1999–2012) for school-age children. World Health Organization Child Growth Standard was used to define OW+OB. Results: In 2012, 33.5% of children <5 years of age (both sexes) were at risk of overweight or were overweight (OW); 32% and 36.9% of girls and boys 5–11 years of age were OW+OB, respectively, and 35.8% and 34.1% of female and male adolescents were OW+OB, respectively. Statistically significant trends were documented for all age groups during the study period. Overall change in the combined prevalence in preschool children was 6.3±1.0 percentage points (pp; P<0.001; 0.26 pp per year) in the last 24 years, showing the highest increase between 1988 and 1999, whereas for school-age girls (from 1999 to 2012) and adolescent females (from 1988 to 2012), OW+OB increased across all periods at a declining trend, with an overall change of 0.5 and 1.0 pp per year, respectively. Changes in the prevalence of OW+OB were highest among children and adolescents in the lowest quintile of the household living condition index. Conclusions: Prevalence of OW+OB among children and adolescents increased significantly during the last 13–24 years. The rate of increase has declined in the last 6 years in all age groups. Changes in prevalence of OW+OB presented here suggest that, in Mexico, the burden of obesity is shifting toward the groups with lower socioeconomic level.

scholarly journals Vocabulary Abilities and Parents’ Emotional Regulation Predict Emotional Regulation in School-Age Children but Not Adolescents With and Without Developmental Language Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mari Aguilera ◽  
Nadia Ahufinger ◽  
Núria Esteve-Gibert ◽  
Laura Ferinu ◽  
Llorenç Andreu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Middle Childhood ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Language Disorder ◽  
Receptive Vocabulary ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Developmental Language Disorder ◽  
Expressive Vocabulary ◽  
The Impact

A comprehensive approach, including social and emotional affectations, has been recently proposed as an important framework to understand Developmental Language Disorder (DLD). There is an increasing considerable interest in knowing how language and emotion are related, and as far as we know, the role of the emotional regulation (ER) of parents of children with and without DLD, and their impact on their children’s ER is still unknown. The main aims of this study are to advance our knowledge of ER in school-age children and adolescents with and without DLD, to analyze the predictive value of expressive and receptive vocabulary on ER in school-age children and adolescents, and to explore parental ER and their effect on their children’s and adolescents’ ER. To cover all objectives, we carried out three studies. In the first and second study, expressive and receptive vocabulary were assessed in wave 1, and ER (Emotional Regulation Checklist -ERC- for children and Emotion Regulation Scale -DERS- for adolescents) was assessed in wave 2, 4 years later. Participants in the first study consisted of two groups of school-aged children (13 had DLD and 20 were typically developing children -TD). Participants in the second study consisted of two groups of adolescents (16 had DLD and 16 were TD adolescents). In the third study, the ER of 65 of the parents of the children and adolescents from study 1 were assessed during wave 2 via self-reporting the DERS questionnaire. Results showed no significant differences in ER between DLD and TD groups neither in middle childhood nor in adolescence. Concerning vocabulary and ER, expressive language predicted ER in school-age children but not in adolescents. Finally, parental ER explained their school-age children’s ER, but this was not the case in adolescents. In conclusion, the present data indicated that expressive vocabulary has a fundamental role in ER, at least during primary school years, and adds new evidence of the impact of parents’ ER upon their children’s ER, encouraging educators and speech language pathologists to include parents’ assessments in holistic evaluations and interventions for children with language and ER difficulties.

scholarly journals The impact of stuttering on quality of life of children and adolescents

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 567-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Yu Shon Chun ◽  
Carina Dantas Mendes ◽  
J Scott Yaruss ◽  
Robert W Quesal
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Outcomes Research ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
School Age ◽  
Improved Outcomes ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND: understanding the experience of people who stutter, both in and out treatment, will lead to improved outcomes. AIM: to investigate how stuttering affects the quality of life of children and adolescents who stutter. METHOD: the Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience of Stuttering - School-Age (OASES-S) was used to assess the impact of stuttering and the Fluency Profile Protocol was used to stuttering severity. RESULTS: these age groups do experience moderate negative impact as measured by the OASES-S. The results showed a tendency toward a positive correlation between severity and the impact of stuttering on quality of life. CONCLUSION: a better understanding of the impact of stuttering in these age groups provides a needed guide for the development of stuttering treatments and treatment outcomes research.

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