scholarly journals Pre- and post-weaning injections of bovine somatotropin to optimize puberty achievement of Bos indicus beef heifers1

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 443-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipe Moriel ◽  
Bruno Ieda Cappellozza ◽  
Matheus B Piccolo ◽  
Reinaldo F Cooke ◽  
Miguel F Miranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Bovine Somatotropin ◽  
Brachiaria Decumbens ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Recombinant Bovine Somatotropin ◽  
Liver Biopsies ◽  
Liver Gene ◽  
To Receive

Abstract The present study evaluated the growth and puberty attainment of Bos indicus heifers administered recombinant bovine somatotropin (bST) or saline injections during preweaning and/or postweaning. On day 0, 177 suckling Nellore heifers were stratified by initial age and body weight (BW) (80 ± 10 d; 97 ± 16 kg), and randomly assigned, in a 2 × 2 factorial design (n = 44 to 45 heifers/treatment), to receive s.c. injections of saline (5 mL 0.9% NaCl) or sometribove zinc (Posilac; Elanco, Greenfield, IN; 6.14 mg/kg of BW0.75) on days 0 and 10 (PRE) and/or days 167 and 177 (POS). All heifers were managed as a single group in Brachiaria decumbens pastures from day 0 until 24 d postweaning (day 191), and then provided a corn silage–based TMR from days 191 to 380 to achieve 65% to 70% of mature BW at the end of the study (day 380). Heifer full BW was collected on days 0, 10, 167, 177, and monthly from days 191 to 380. Transrectal ultrasonography of ovaries was performed on days 1 and 10 of each month from days 229 to 380 to assess the percentage of pubertal heifers. Liver biopsies and blood samples from jugular vein were collected on days 0, 10, 167, 177, and 380. Additional blood samples were collected monthly from days 259 to 380 (n = 10 to 15 heifers/treatment). No interactions among day of the study, PRE, and POS injections of saline or bST were detected (P ≥ 0.11). Preweaning bST injections increased heifer average daily gain (ADG) from days 0 to 10 and plasma IGF-1 on day 10 (P ≤ 0.03), did not affect ADG from days 0 to 177, plasma IGF-1 from days 259 to 380, and any liver gene mRNA expression (P ≥ 0.19), but tended to decrease ADG from days 191 to 380 (P = 0.07) and percentage of pubertal heifers on days 349 (P = 0.07), 359 (P = 0.002), and 380 (P = 0.0001) compared with saline injections. Postweaning bST injections increased plasma IGF-1 on day 177 and overall liver mRNA expression of GHR-1A (P ≤ 0.05), decreased plasma IGF-1 from days 259 to 380 (P = 0.03), tended to decrease liver mRNA expression of GHR-1B on day 177 (P = 0.08), but did not affect ADG from days 167 to 177 and 191 to 380, and puberty attainment from days 229 to 380 (P ≥ 0.12) compared with saline injections. Thus, preweaning and postweaning injections of bST successfully increased heifer plasma IGF-1 concentrations 10 d after first injection. Postweaning injections of bST had no impact on puberty attainment, whereas preweaning bST injections of bST impaired puberty attainment of Nellore beef heifers.

8 Effects of a Bovine Appeasing Substance Application at Weaning on Temperament and Growth of Bos Indicus Influenced Heifers

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 3-4
Author(s):  
Douglas G Viera ◽  
Juliana Ranches ◽  
Marcelo Vedovatto ◽  
Giovana G Pirota ◽  
Bruno I Cappellozza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Cattle Herd ◽  
Synthetic Analogue ◽  
Skin Area ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a synthetic analogue of the bovine appeasing pheromone (i.e. bovine appeasing substance; BAS) on growth and temperament of heifers. At weaning (d 0), 30 heifers (Aberdeen Angus ′ Nelore; 8 ± 1 mo) were stratified by body weight (199.8 ± 16 kg) and randomly assigned to receive a single dose of BAS (n = 15; SecureCattle; Nutricorp, Araras, SP, Brazil) or saline (CON; n = 15; saline 0.9% NaCl). Treatments (5 ml) were topically applied to the nuchal skin area of each animal on d0. Body weight was collected on d 0, 6, 15, 45, and 150. Chute score (1 to 5; 1 = calm, no movement; 5 = violent and continuous struggling) and chute entrance and exit score (1 to 3; 1 = slow; 3 = fast) were collected on d 0, 2, 6, 15, 45 and 150. Scores were averaged across 4 trained technicians. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS. Heifers assigned to BAS had greater (P < 0.01) average daily gain (ADG) than heifers assigned to CON treatment from d 6 to 15 (2.35 and 1.88 kg/d ± 0.16) and from d 15 to 45 (1.79 vs. 1.56 kg/d ± 0.08). Heifers assigned to BAS had lower (P < 0.01) chute entrance score on d 6, 15, and 45, and chute exit score on d 2 to 45 (P = 0.05) when compared to heifers assigned to CON. Additionally, heifers assigned to BAS tended (P = 0.08) to have lower chute score, from d 1 to 150 than heifers assigned to CON. The application of BAS at weaning improved heifers ADG, likely due to an improvement in temperament, suggesting that BAS application has calming effects in the beef cattle herd.

scholarly journals Supplementing organic-complexed or inorganic Co, Cu, Mn, and Zn to beef cows during gestation: physiological and productive response of cows and their offspring until weaning

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsey M Harvey ◽  
Reinaldo F Cooke ◽  
Eduardo A Colombo ◽  
Bruna Rett ◽  
Osvaldo A de Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
To Receive

Abstract One hundred and ninety non-lactating, pregnant beef cows (¾ Bos taurus and ¼ Bos indicus; 138 multiparous and 52 primiparous) were assigned to this experiment at 117 ± 2.2 d of gestation (d 0). Cows were ranked by parity, pregnancy type (artificial insemination = 102, natural service = 88), body weight (BW) and body condition score (BCS), and assigned to receive a supplement containing: 1) sulfate sources of Cu, Co, Mn, and Zn (INR; n = 95) or 2) an organic complexed source of Cu, Mn, Co, and Zn (AAC; Availa®4; Zinpro Corporation, Eden Prairie, MN; n = 95). The INR and AAC provided the same daily amount of Cu, Co, Mn, and Zn, based on 7 g of the AAC source. From d 0 to calving, cows were maintained in a single pasture and were segregated three times weekly into 1 of 24 individual feeding pens to receive treatments. Cow BW and BCS were recorded on d -30, d 97, upon calving, and at weaning (d 367). Milk production was estimated at 42 ± 0.5 d postpartum via weigh-suckle-weigh (WSW). Liver biopsies were performed in 30 cows/treatment on d -30, 97, upon calving, and the day after WSW. Calf BW was recorded at birth and weaning. Liver and longissimus muscle (LM) biopsies were performed in 30 calves/treatment upon calving and 24 h later, the day after WSW, and at weaning. No treatment effects were detected (P ≥ 0.49) for cow BCS during gestation, despite AAC cows having greater (P = 0.04) BW on d 97. Liver Co concentrations were greater (P < 0.01) for AAC compared to INR cows, and liver concentrations of Cu were greater (P = 0.02) for INR compared to AAC cows on d 97. Upon calving, INR cows had greater (P ≤ 0.01) liver Cu and Zn concentrations compared to AAC cows. No other treatment differences were noted (P ≥ 0.17) for cow and calf liver trace mineral concentrations. Cows receiving AAC had greater (P = 0.04) hepatic mRNA expression of metallothionein 1A at calving, and their calves had greater (P = 0.04) hepatic mRNA expression of superoxide dismutase at weaning. Milk production did not differ between AAC and INR cows (P = 0.70). No treatment effects were detected (P ≥ 0.29) for mRNA expression of LM genes associated with adipogenic or muscle development activities in calves at birth and weaning. Calf birth and weaning BW also did not differ (P ≥ 0.19) between treatments. In summary, supplementing Co, Cu, Zn, and Mn as organic complexed or sulfate sources to beef cows during the last 5 mo of gestation yielded similar cow-calf productive responses until weaning.

PSXIII-16 Supplementing organic-complexed or inorganic Co, Cu, Mn, and Zn to beef cows during gestation: physiological and productive responses of cows and their offspring until weaning

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 432-433
Author(s):  
Kelsey Harvey ◽  
Reinaldo F Cooke ◽  
Eduardo Colombo ◽  
Bruna Rett ◽  
Osvaldo Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Longissimus Muscle ◽  
Liver Biopsies ◽  
Cow Calf ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Cu And Zn

Abstract Pregnant, non-lactating beef cows (n = 190; 117 ± 2.2 d of gestation; d 0) were assigned to receive: 1) sulfate sources of Cu, Co, Mn, and Zn (INR; n = 95) or 2) an organic complexed source of Cu, Mn, Co, and Zn (AAC; Availa®4, Zinpro; n = 95). From d 0 to calving, cows were maintained in a single pasture and individually offered treatments three times weekly. Cow BW and BCS were recorded on d -30, d 97, upon calving, and at weaning and liver biopsies performed in 30 cows/treatment. Milk production was estimated at 42 ± 0.5 d postpartum via weigh-suckle-weigh (WSW). Liver and longissimus muscle (LM) biopsies were performed in 30 calves/treatment upon calving and 24 h later, at WSW, and at weaning. No treatment effects were detected (P ≥ 0.49) for cow BCS, despite AAC cows having greater (P = 0.04) BW on d 97. Liver Co (P < 0.01) concentrations were greater for AAC compared to INR cows, and liver concentrations of Cu were greater (P = 0.02) for INR compared to AAC cows on d 97. Upon calving, INR cows had greater (P ≤ 0.01) liver Cu and Zn concentrations compared to AAC cows. Cows receiving AAC had greater (P = 0.04) hepatic mRNA expression of metallothionein 1A at calving, and their calves had greater (P = 0.04) hepatic mRNA expression of superoxide dismutase at weaning. Milk production did not differ between AAC and INR cows (P = 0.70). No treatment effects were detected (P ≥ 0.29) for mRNA expression of LM genes in calves at birth and weaning. Calf birth and weaning BW were similar (P ≥ 0.19) between treatments. Hence, supplementing AAC or INR to beef cows during the last 5 mo of gestation yielded similar cow-calf productive responses until weaning.

PSX-B-17 Appeasing substance application at weaning enhanced growth and temperament of bos indicus-influenced weaned calves in grazing system

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 220-220
Author(s):  
Douglas G Viera ◽  
Juliana Ranches ◽  
Bruno I Cappellozza ◽  
Henrique J Fernandes ◽  
Marcella D’Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Synthetic Analogue ◽  
Skin Area ◽  
Grazing System ◽  
Urochloa Brizantha ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a synthetic analogue of the bovine appeasing pheromone (i.e. bovine appeasing substance; BAS) on growth and temperament of weaned calves grazing Capim-Marandú (Urochloa brizantha cv Marandú). At weaning (d 0), 86 calves (47 steers and 39 heifers; Aberdeen Angus ′ Nelore; 8 ± 1 mo) were stratified by body weight (197.9 ± 24.9 kg) and randomly assigned to receive a single dose of BAS (n = 43; SecureCattle; Nutricorp, Araras, SP, Brazil) or saline (CON; n = 43; saline 0.9% NaCl). Treatments (5 ml) were topically applied to the nuchal skin area of each animal on d0. Body weight was collected on d 0, 8, 15, 51 and 100. Chute score (1 to 5; 1 = calm, no movement; 5 = violent and continuous struggling) and chute entrance and exit scores (1 to 3; 1 = slow; 3 = fast) were collected on d 3, 8, 15, 51 and 100. Scores were averaged across 3 trained technicians. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS. Calves assigned to BAS treatment had greater (P < 0.01) average daily gain (ADG) from d 8 to 15 (0.158 and -0.284 kg/d ± 0.07). Calves assigned to BAS treatment tended (P = 0.10) to have lower chute entrance score on d 8 and 51 and had lower (P = 0.02) chute exit score on d 8 than calves assigned to CON treatment. Additionally, calves assigned to BAS treatment tended (P = 0.07) to have lower chute score on d 8 when compared to calves assigned to CON treatment. The application of BAS at weaning improved calf ADG and improved calf temperament as observed by chute score and chute entrance and exit scores, suggesting that BAS application has calming effects.

scholarly journals Supplementing organic-complexed or inorganic Co, Cu, Mn, and Zn to beef cows during gestation: post-weaning responses of offspring reared as replacement heifers or feeder cattle

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsey M Harvey ◽  
Reinaldo F Cooke ◽  
Eduardo A Colombo ◽  
Bruna Rett ◽  
Osvaldo A de Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Single Group ◽  
Female Progeny ◽  
Feeder Cattle ◽  
To Receive

Abstract One hundred and ninety non-lactating, pregnant beef cows (¾ Bos taurus and ¼ Bos indicus; 138 multiparous and 52 primiparous) were assigned to this experiment at 117 ± 2.2 d of gestation (d 0). Cows were ranked by parity, pregnancy type (artificial insemination = 102, natural service = 88), body weight (BW) and body condition score, and assigned to receive a supplement containing: 1) sulfate sources of Cu, Co, Mn, and Zn (INR; n = 95) or 2) an organic complexed source of Cu, Mn, Co, and Zn (AAC; Availa®4; Zinpro Corporation, Eden Prairie, MN; n = 95). The INR and AAC provided the same daily amount of Cu, Co, Mn, and Zn, based on 7 g of the AAC source. From d 0 to calving, cows were maintained in a single pasture and segregated three times weekly into 1 of 24 individual feeding pens to receive treatments. Calves were weaned on d 367 (200 ± 2 d of age), managed as a single group for a 45-d preconditioning period (d 367 to 412), and transferred to a single oat (Avena sativa L.) pasture on d 412. Heifer calves were moved to an adjacent oat pasture on d 437, where they remained until d 620. Heifer puberty status was verified weekly (d 437 to d 619) based on plasma progesterone concentrations. Steer calves were shipped to a commercial feedlot on d 493, where they were managed as a single group until slaughter (d 724). Plasma cortisol concentration was greater (P = 0.05) in AAC calves at weaning but tended to be less (P = 0.10) on d 370 compared with INR calves. Mean plasma haptoglobin concentration was greater (P = 0.03) in INR vs. AAC calves during preconditioning, and no treatment effects were noted (P = 0.76) for preconditioning average daily gain (ADG). Puberty attainment was hastened in AAC heifers during the experiment (treatment × day; P < 0.01), despite similar (P = 0.39) ADG between treatments from d 412 to 620. Expression of myogenin mRNA in the longissimus muscle was greater (P = 0.05) in INR vs. AAC heifers on d 584. No treatment effects were detected (P ≥ 0.24) for steer ADG from d 412 until slaughter, nor for carcass quality traits. Hepatic mRNA expression of metallothionein 1A was greater (P = 0.02) in INR vs. AAC steers on d 586. In summary, supplementing Co, Cu, Zn, and Mn as organic complexed instead of sulfate sources to beef cows during the last 5 mo of gestation did not improve performance and physiological responses of the steer progeny until slaughter, but hastened puberty attainment in the female progeny reared as replacement heifers.

GnRH-1, GnIH mRNA and Luteinizing Hormone in Domestic hens (Gallus gallus domesticus) Exposed to Different Wavelengths of light

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 5446
Author(s):  
Reddy I.J. ◽  
Ashish Mishra ◽  
Mondal S.
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Gallus Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Mrna Concentration ◽  
Normal Spectrum

The objective of this study was to establish the effects of red spectrum of light (650nm, treated n=12) and normal spectrum of light (450nm control=12) on GnRH-I and GnIH mRNA expression, amplitude and frequency of luteinizing hormone (LH) and egg production from 42 to 52 weeks of age in white leghorn hens. Blood samples were collected at weekly interval from both the groups. At the 47th week of age blood samples from both the groups were collected at every 3 h for 36h to study the pulsatile secretion of LH surges. GnRH and GnIH mRNA expression pattern was studied between control and treated birds. Egg production and pause days were calculated between the two groups. LH concentration in the plasma was increased significantly (P<0.01) in hens exposed to red spectrum of light. Plasma LH concentration was higher (P<0.01) in treated birds with more number of LH surges. The amplitude and frequencies of LH were advanced in birds exposed to red spectrum of light during 36 h of sampling at 3h intervals. GnRH-I mRNA concentration was significantly (P<0.01) higher, whereas GnIH mRNA was significantly (P<0.01) lower in birds exposed to red spectrum of light compared to controls. It is hypothesized that exposure of birds to red spectrum of light enhanced (P<0.01) GnRH-I mRNA, along with LH required for ovulation and egg lay. During 77 days (42-52 weeks of age) of the experimental period, egg production was increased (p<0.01) with lower incidence of pause days in the treated group. It is concluded that low GnIH mRNA and higher levels of GnRH-I mRNA, LH, lower number of pause days enabled the birds to lay more eggs by stimulating GnRH through red spectrum of light.

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