Effective Resistance to Wheat Stripe Rust in a Region with High Disease Pressure

Stripe rust is a major fungal disease of wheat. It frequently becomes epidemic in southeastern Gansu province, a stripe rust hot spot in China. Evaluations of wheat germplasm response are crucial for developing cultivars to control the disease. In total, 57 wheat cultivars and lines from Europe and other countries, comprising 36 cultivars with documented stripe rust resistance genes and 21 with unknown genes, were tested annually with multiple races of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici in the field at Tianshui in Gansu province from 1993 to 2013. Seven wheat lines were highly resistant, with infection type (IT) 0 during the entire period; 16 were moderately resistant (IT 0;-2); and 26 were moderately susceptible (IT 0;-4), with low maximum disease severity compared with the susceptible control Huixianhong. ‘Strampelli’ and ‘Libellula’, with three and five quantitative trait loci, respectively, for stripe rust resistance have displayed durable resistance in this region for four decades. Ten cultivars, including ‘Lantian 15’, ‘Lantian 26’, and ‘Lantian 31’, with stripe rust resistance derived from European lines, were developed in our breeding program and have made a significant impact on controlling stripe rust in southeastern Gansu. Breeding resistant cultivars with multiple adult-plant resistance genes seems to be a promising strategy in wheat breeding for managing stripe rust in this region and other hot spots.

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Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping of Adult Plant and Seedling Resistance to Stripe Rust (Puccinia striiformis Westend.) in a Multiparent Advanced Generation Intercross Wheat Population

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2021.684671 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Sandra Rollar ◽

Manuel Geyer ◽

Lorenz Hartl ◽

Volker Mohler ◽

Frank Ordon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stripe Rust ◽

Resistance Genes ◽

Quantitative Trait ◽

Rust Resistance ◽

Puccinia Striiformis ◽

Stripe Rust Resistance ◽

Adult Plant ◽

Seedling Resistance ◽

Wheat Population ◽

Advanced Generation

Stripe rust caused by the biotrophic fungus Puccinia striiformis Westend. is one of the most important diseases of wheat worldwide, causing high yield and quality losses. Growing resistant cultivars is the most efficient way to control stripe rust, both economically and ecologically. Known resistance genes are already present in numerous cultivars worldwide. However, their effectiveness is limited to certain races within a rust population and the emergence of stripe rust races being virulent against common resistance genes forces the demand for new sources of resistance. Multiparent advanced generation intercross (MAGIC) populations have proven to be a powerful tool to carry out genetic studies on economically important traits. In this study, interval mapping was performed to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) for stripe rust resistance in the Bavarian MAGIC wheat population, comprising 394 F6 : 8 recombinant inbred lines (RILs). Phenotypic evaluation of the RILs was carried out for adult plant resistance in field trials at three locations across three years and for seedling resistance in a growth chamber. In total, 21 QTL for stripe rust resistance corresponding to 13 distinct chromosomal regions were detected, of which two may represent putatively new QTL located on wheat chromosomes 3D and 7D.

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Genome-wide Mapping for Stripe Rust Resistance Loci in Common Wheat Cultivar Qinnong 142

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-05-18-0846-re ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 103 (3) ◽

pp. 439-447 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Qingdong Zeng ◽

Jianhui Wu ◽

Shengjie Liu ◽

Xianming Chen ◽

Fengping Yuan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resistance Gene ◽

Stripe Rust ◽

Rust Resistance ◽

Puccinia Striiformis ◽

Wheat Cultivar ◽

Infection Type ◽

Snp Markers ◽

Stripe Rust Resistance ◽

Adult Plant ◽

Wheat Cultivars

Stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici threatens worldwide wheat production. Growing resistant cultivars is the best way to control this disease. Chinese wheat cultivar Qinnong 142 (QN142) has a high level of adult-plant resistance to stripe rust. To identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) related to stripe rust resistance, we developed a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population from a cross between QN142 and susceptible cultivar Avocet S. The parents and 165 F6 RILs were evaluated in terms of their stripe rust infection type and disease severity in replicated field tests with six site-year environments. The parents and RILs were genotyped with single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Four stable QTLs were identified in QN142 and mapped to chromosome arms 1BL, 2AL, 2BL, and 6BS. The 1BL QTL was probably the known resistance gene Yr29, the 2BL QTL was in a resistance gene-rich region, and the 2AL and 6BS QTLs might be new. Kompetitive allele specific polymerase chain reaction markers developed from the SNP markers flanking these QTLs were highly polymorphic in a panel of 150 wheat cultivars and breeding lines. These markers could be used in marker-assisted selection for incorporating the stripe rust resistance QTL into new wheat cultivars.

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Development and Validation of KASP-SNP Markers for QTL Underlying Resistance to Stripe Rust in Common Wheat Cultivar P10057

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-04-17-0468-re ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 101 (12) ◽

pp. 2079-2087 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Jianhui Wu ◽

Qilin Wang ◽

Zhensheng Kang ◽

Shengjie Liu ◽

Haiyang Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stripe Rust ◽

Rust Resistance ◽

Puccinia Striiformis ◽

Wheat Cultivar ◽

Infection Type ◽

Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽

Snp Markers ◽

Stripe Rust Resistance ◽

Adult Plant ◽

Kasp Markers

Stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) is among the most important diseases of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) globally. Utilization of adult plant resistance (APR) constitutes a key tool for maintaining protection against this disease. The CIMMYT wheat cultivar P10057 displayed a high level of APR to stripe rust in germplasm evaluation in field environments. To clarify the genetic basis and identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) involved in stripe rust resistance in P10057, three wheat populations were used: 150 F5:6 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from the cross Mingxian 169 × P10057, and 161 and 140 F2:3 lines from Avocet S × P10057 and Zhengmai 9023 × P10057, respectively. These three populations were evaluated for infection type (IT) and disease severity (DS) in Shaanxi, Gansu, and Sichuan during the 2014–15 and 2015–16 cropping seasons. Genotyping was performed with Kompetitive Allelic Specific PCR (KASP) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers linked to the resistance loci. Using QTL analysis, two genomic regions associated with resistance were found on chromosome arms 2BS and 3BS, respectively. These two stable QTLs, designated Qyrlov.nwafu-2BS and Qyrlov.nwafu-3BS, were detected across all environments and explained average 22.6 to 31.6% and 21.3 to 32.3% of stripe rust severity phenotypic variation, respectively. Qyrlov.nwafu-2BS may be the resistance allele derived from CIMMYT germplasm and Qyrlov.nwafu-3BS likely corresponds to the locus Sr2/Lr27/Yr30/Pbc. The KASP markers IWA5377, IWA2674, and IWA5830 linked to QYrlov.nwafu-2BS and IWB57990 and IWB6491 linked to Qyrlov.nwafu-3BS were reliable for marker-assisted selection (MAS) in the Zhengmai 9023 × P10057 population. These QTLs with KASP markers are expected to contribute in developing wheat cultivars with improved stripe rust resistance.

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Inheritance and QTL analysis of durable resistance to stripe and leaf rusts in an Australian cultivar, Triticum aestivum 'Cook'

Genome ◽

10.1139/g04-100 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 97-107 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

A Navabi ◽

J P Tewari ◽

R P Singh ◽

B McCallum ◽

A Laroche ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Stripe Rust ◽

Qtl Analysis ◽

Rust Resistance ◽

Puccinia Striiformis ◽

Durable Resistance ◽

Puccinia Triticina ◽

Stripe Rust Resistance ◽

Adult Plant ◽

Temperature Sensitive

An F4-derived F6 recombinant inbred line population (n = 148) of a cross between the durable stripe (yellow) rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis) and leaf (brown) rust (caused by Puccinia triticina) resistant cultivar, Triticum aestivum 'Cook', and susceptible genotype Avocet-YrA was phenotyped at several locations in Canada and Mexico under artificial epidemics of leaf or stripe rusts and genotyped using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and microsatellite markers. Durable adult plant resistance to stripe and leaf rusts in 'Cook' is inherited quantitatively and was based on the additive interaction of linked and (or) pleiotropic slow-rusting genes Lr34 and Yr18 and the temperature-sensitive stripe rust resistance gene, YrCK, with additional genetic factors. Identified QTLs accounted for 18% to 31% of the phenotypic variation in leaf and stripe rust reactions, respectively. In accordance with the high phenotypic associations between leaf and stripe rust resistance, some of the identified QTLs appeared to be linked and (or) pleiotropic for both rusts across tests. Although a QTL was identified on chromosome 7D with significant effects on both rusts at some testing locations, it was not possible to refine the location of Lr34 or Yr18 because of the scarcity of markers in this region. The temperature-sensitive stripe rust resistance response, conditioned by the YrCK gene, significantly contributed to overall resistance to both rusts, indicating that this gene also had pleiotropic effects.Key words: wheat, rust diseases, Puccinia striiformis, Puccinia triticina, durable resistance, leaf-tip necrosis, QTL analysis.

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Identification of Stripe Rust Resistance Genes in Common Wheat Cultivars From the Huang-Huai-Hai Region of China

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-10-19-2119-re ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 104 (6) ◽

pp. 1763-1770

Author(s):

Liang Huang ◽

Xing Zhi Xiao ◽

Bo Liu ◽

Li Gao ◽

Guo Shu Gong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stripe Rust ◽

Resistance Genes ◽

Rust Resistance ◽

Puccinia Striiformis ◽

Stripe Rust Resistance ◽

Adult Plant ◽

Molecular Testing ◽

Wheat Cultivars ◽

Rust Resistance Genes ◽

Yr Genes

Wheat stripe (yellow) rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is a serious fungal disease worldwide, especially in the Huang-Huai-Hai region, a main wheat production area in China. Gene postulation, molecular testing, and pedigree analysis were conducted to determine the presence of stripe rust resistance genes to 15 Pst races in 66 selected commercial wheat cultivars released from 2000 to 2016. In addition, races CYR32, CYR33, and CYR34 were used to evaluate resistance to Pst at the adult-plant stage of wheat in the field. Four Yr genes (Yr9, Yr10, Yr26, and Yr32) were postulated in 24 wheat cultivars either singly or in combination. Thirty-six cultivars might contain unknown Yr genes, whereas no identified Yr gene was postulated in six cultivars. Yr9 was detected at a frequency of 28.8%, and no cultivars carried Yr5, Yr15, or Yr18. Ten cultivars (15.2%) exhibited adult-plant resistance in the field tests with three predominant races. Three cultivars (Langyan 43, Xinong 889, and Yunfeng 139) had all-stage resistance. These results are useful to growers selecting cultivars and to breeders aiming to use more resistance genes to develop new cultivars with effective resistance in order to reduce stripe rust damage.

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Genetic and Molecular Mapping of Stripe Rust Resistance Gene in Wheat–Psathyrostachys huashanica Translocation Line H9020-1-6-8-3

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-03-11-0204-re ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 96 (10) ◽

pp. 1482-1487 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Qiang Li ◽

Jing Huang ◽

Lu Hou ◽

Pei Liu ◽

Jinxue Jing ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resistance Gene ◽

Stripe Rust ◽

Rust Resistance ◽

Puccinia Striiformis ◽

Durable Resistance ◽

Rust Resistance Gene ◽

Stripe Rust Resistance ◽

Translocation Line ◽

Psathyrostachys Huashanica ◽

Stripe Rust Resistance Gene

Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is one of the most important diseases of wheat worldwide. The best strategy to control stripe rust is to grow resistant cultivars, but only a few effective genes are available. The wheat accession H9020-1-6-8-3 is a translocation line previously developed from interspecific hybridization between wheat genotype 7182 and Psathyrostachys huashanica, and is resistant to most Chinese Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici races. To identify the resistance genes in the translocation line, H9020-1-6-8-3 was crossed with susceptible genotype Mingxian 169, and seedlings of parents and F1, F2, and F3 progenies were tested with prevalent Chinese P. striiformis f. sp. tritici races CYR32 and CYR33 under controlled greenhouse conditions. The genetic results indicated that two single dominant genes in H9020-1-6-8-3 confer resistance to CYR32 and CYR33, respectively. The gene for resistance to CYR33 was temporarily designated as YrH9020. Six simple-sequence repeat markers were used to map the resistance gene to the short arm of wheat chromosome 2D, using 329 F2 plants tested with CYR33 in the greenhouse. The genetic distances of the two closest flanking markers, Xgwm261 and Xgwm455, were 4.4 and 5.8 centimorgans, respectively. Disease assessments and polymorphic tests of the flanking markers among the Psathyrostachys huashanica line and wheat lines 7182, H9020-1-6-8-3, and Mingxian169 suggested that the resistance gene YrH9020 in H9020-1-6-8-3 was originally from P. huashanica. The exotic stripe rust resistance gene and linked molecular markers should be useful for pyramiding with other genes to develop wheat cultivars with high-level and durable resistance to stripe rust.

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Races of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici in the United States in 2011 and 2012 and Comparison with Races in 2010

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-10-15-1122-re ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 100 (5) ◽

pp. 966-975 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

Anmin Wan ◽

Xianming Chen ◽

Jonathan Yuen

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Stripe Rust ◽

Resistance Genes ◽

Puccinia Striiformis ◽

Single Gene ◽

Durable Resistance ◽

The United States ◽

Western United States ◽

Adult Plant ◽

Low Frequencies

Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is one of the most important diseases on wheat in the United States. In 2011, severe wheat stripe rust caused extensive application of fungicides in the western United States, and the disease was more widespread and caused more yield loss in the eastern United States in 2012. In this study, we characterized virulences and identified races of P. striiformis f. sp. tritici by testing the stripe rust samples collected throughout the United States in 2011 and 2012 on a set of 18 Yr single-gene differentials. In 2011, 35 races were identified from 349 viable samples collected from 19 states of the United States and Ontario province of Canada, with PSTv-11 (35.5%), PSTv-37 (12.6%), PSTv-14 (11.8%), PSTv-4 (5.4%), and PSTv-34 (3.4%) as the top five predominant races. In 2012, 23 races were identified from 341 viable samples collected from 24 states of the United States and Ontario of Canada, with PSTv-37 (47.5%), PSTv-11 (11.7%), PSTv-14 (10.0%), PSTv-52 (9.4%), and PSTv-48 (4.4%) as the top five predominant races. Nationally, PSTv-37, PSTv-52, and PSTv-34 were most widely distributed, while PSTv-11, PSTv-14, PSTv-4, and PSTv-48 were mostly detected in the western United States. High frequencies (>80%) were detected for virulences to Yr6, Yr7, Yr8, Yr9, Yr17, Yr27, Yr44, and YrExp2; moderate frequencies (20 to 80%) for virulences to Yr1, Yr43, YrTr1, and YrTye; low frequencies (<10%) for virulences to Yr10, Yr24, Yr32, and YrSP; and virulences to Yr5 and Yr15 were not detected, indicating that these two genes are still effective against the P. striiformis f. sp. tritici population in the United States. Both positive and negative associations were identified between some of the virulences. In total, 55 races identified from 2010 to 2012 in the United States were clustered into two major virulence groups, and dynamics of predominant races and virulence frequencies for the 3 years were presented and discussed. This information is useful for making decisions when screening wheat germplasm for developing stripe-rust-resistant wheat cultivars and managing the disease by growing cultivars with adequate and durable resistance. The severe epidemics and the occurrence of the large number of races in the 3 years indicate that efforts should be made to use diverse resistance genes, especially to combine effective all-stage resistance genes with genes for high-temperature adult-plant resistance.

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Barley Stripe Rust Resistance QTL: Development and Validation of SNP Markers for Resistance to Puccinia striiformis f. sp. hordei

Phytopathology ◽

10.1094/phyto-09-15-0225-r ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 106 (11) ◽

pp. 1344-1351 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

K. Esvelt Klos ◽

T. Gordon ◽

P. Bregitzer ◽

P. Hayes ◽

X. M. Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stripe Rust ◽

Rust Resistance ◽

Puccinia Striiformis ◽

Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽

Snp Markers ◽

Stripe Rust Resistance ◽

Adult Plant ◽

Seedling Resistance ◽

Resistance Qtl ◽

Barley Stripe Rust

Quantitative trait loci (QTL) for barley stripe rust resistance were mapped in recombinant inbred lines (RIL) from a ‘Lenetah’ × ‘Grannelose Zweizeilige’ (GZ) cross. GZ is known for a major seedling resistance QTL on chromosome 4H but linked markers suitable for marker-assisted selection have not been developed. This study identified the 4H QTL (log of the likelihood [LOD] = 15.94 at 97.19 centimorgans [cM]), and additional QTL on chromosomes 4H and 6H (LOD = 5.39 at 72.7 cM and 4.24 at 34.46 cM, respectively). A QTL on chromosome 7H (LOD = 2.04 at 81.07 cM) was suggested. All resistance alleles were derived from GZ. Evaluations of adult plant response in Corvallis, OR in 2013 and 2015 provided evidence of QTL at the same positions. However, the minor QTL on 4H was not statistically significant in either location/year, while the 7H QTL was significant in both. The single-nucleotide polymorphism markers flanking the resistance QTL were validated in RIL from a ‘95SR316A’ × GZ cross for their ability to predict seedling resistance. In 95SR316A × GZ, 91 to 92% of RIL with GZ alleles at the major 4H QTL and at least one other were resistant to moderate in reaction. In these populations, at least two QTL were required to transfer the barley stripe rust resistance from GZ.

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Identification of Candidate Genes and Genomic Regions Associated with Adult Plant Resistance to Stripe Rust in Spring Wheat

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11122585 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 2585

Author(s):

Amira M. I. Mourad ◽

Mohamed A. Abou-Zeid ◽

Shamseldeen Eltaher ◽

P. Stephen Baenziger ◽

Andreas Börner

Keyword(s):

Stripe Rust ◽

Rust Resistance ◽

Puccinia Striiformis ◽

Wheat Yield ◽

Stripe Rust Resistance ◽

Adult Plant ◽

P Value ◽

Dart Markers ◽

Single Marker Analysis ◽

Gene Models

Wheat stripe rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) is a major disease that damages wheat plants and affects wheat yield all over the world. In recent years, stripe rust became a major problem that affects wheat yield in Egypt. New races appeared and caused breakdowns in the resistant genotypes. To improve resistance in the Egyptian genotypes, new sources of resistance are urgently needed. In the recent research, a set of 95 wheat genotypes collected from 19 countries, including Egypt, were evaluated for their resistance against the Egyptian race(s) of stripe rust under field conditions in the two growing seasons 2018/2019 and 2019/2020. A high genetic variation was found among the tested genotypes. Single marker analysis was conducted using a subset of 71 genotypes and 424 diversity array technology (DArT) markers, well distributed across the genome. Out of the tested markers, 13 stable markers were identified that were significantly associated with resistance in both years (p-value ≤ 0.05). By using the sequence of the DArT markers, the chromosomal position of the significant DArT markers was detected, and nearby gene models were identified. Two markers on chromosomes 5A and 5B were found to be located within gene models functionally annotated with disease resistance in plants. These two markers could be used in marker-assisted selection for stripe rust resistance under Egyptian conditions. Two German genotypes were carrying the targeted allele of all the significant DArT markers associated with stripe rust resistance and could be used to improve resistance under Egyptian conditions.

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Genetics of stripe rust resistance in 'Karamu' wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar03137 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 56 (6) ◽

pp. 619 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

M. Imtiaz ◽

M. G. Cromey ◽

J. G. Hampton ◽

F. C. Ogbonnaya

Keyword(s):

Resistance Gene ◽

Stripe Rust ◽

Rust Resistance ◽

Adult Plant Resistance ◽

Puccinia Striiformis ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Stripe Rust Resistance ◽

Adult Plant ◽

Dh Lines ◽

Disease Pressure

The New Zealand wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cv. Karamu (same parentage as the US cv. Anza) was originally believed to carry gene Yr18, which provides adult plant resistance to stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici), in addition to the seedling resistance gene YrA. Following the detection of virulence to the stripe rust resistance gene YrA in 1995, much of the resistance of Karamu was eroded and the cultivar suffered from occasional severe stripe rust outbreaks. This meant that either one or more new races of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici with virulence to Yr18 had developed, or that Yr18 conferred inadequate resistance under high disease pressure. Karamu was crossed with cv. Otane, which carries Yr18, and 140 double haploid (DH) lines obtained from the F1 progeny were evaluated for seedling and adult plant resistance under greenhouse and field conditions. Evaluation of F1 plants against stripe rust pathotype 106E139A+ revealed that the resistance was recessive and that none of the resistance genes present was effective at the seedling stage. Segregation in the DH lines at the adult plant stage indicated that the resistance measured through infection type in both the greenhouse and the field was based on 3 genes, 1 from Karamu and 2 from Otane. However, the resistance gene from Karamu did not contribute towards resistance measured through final disease severity, but acted additively with genes from Otane in providing slow-rusting resistance as expressed by lower values for area under the disease progress curve. It was concluded that Karamu does not have gene Yr18, but rather possesses a recessive minor gene, which explains its adult plant susceptibility under high disease pressure. However, this Karamu gene did interact with Otane resistance genes to provide increased resistance.

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