scholarly journals Insights Into the Roles of Two Genes of the Histidine Biosynthesis Operon in Pathogenicity of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (5) ◽  
pp. 542-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panpan Su ◽  
Zhiwei Song ◽  
Guichun Wu ◽  
Yancun Zhao ◽  
Yuqiang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Shikimate Pathway ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Bifunctional Enzyme ◽  
Transcriptional Expression ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Streak ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Histidine Biosynthesis ◽  
Tobacco Plants

Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola is an X. oryzae pathovar that causes bacterial leaf streak in rice. In this study, we performed functional characterization of a nine-gene his operon in X. oryzae pv. oryzicola. Sequence analysis indicates that this operon is highly conserved in Xanthomonas spp. Auxotrophic assays confirmed that the his operon was involved in histidine biosynthesis. We found that two genes within this operon, trpR and hisB, were required for virulence and bacterial growth in planta. Further research revealed that trpR and hisB play different roles in X. oryzae pv. oryzicola. The trpR acts as a transcriptional repressor and could negatively regulate the expression of hisG, -D, -C, -B, -H, -A, and -F. hisB, which encodes a bifunctional enzyme implicated in histidine biosynthesis, was shown to be required for xanthomonadin production in X. oryzae pv. oryzicola. The disruption of hisB reduced the transcriptional expression of five known shikimate pathway-related genes xanB2, aroE, aroA, aroC, and aroK. We found that the his operon in X. oryzae pv. oryzicola is not involved in hypersensitive response in nonhost tobacco plants. Collectively, our results revealed that two genes in histidine biosynthesis operon play an important role in the pathogenicity of X. oryzae pv. oryzicola Rs105.

scholarly journals Role of the FeoB Protein and Siderophore in Promoting Virulence of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae on Rice

2010 ◽  
Vol 192 (12) ◽  
pp. 3187-3203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alok Pandey ◽  
Ramesh V. Sonti
Keyword(s):  
Gene Cluster ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Biosynthetic Gene Cluster ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Growth Deficiency ◽  
Constitutive Production ◽  
Serious Disease

ABSTRACT Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae causes bacterial blight, a serious disease of rice. Our analysis revealed that the X. oryzae pv. oryzae genome encodes genes responsible for iron uptake through FeoB (homolog of the major bacterial ferrous iron transporter) and a siderophore. A mutation in the X. oryzae pv. oryzae feoB gene causes severe virulence deficiency, growth deficiency in iron-limiting medium, and constitutive production of a siderophore. We identified an iron regulated xss gene cluster, in which xssABCDE ( X anthomonas siderophore synthesis) and xsuA ( X anthomonas siderophore utilization) genes encode proteins involved in biosynthesis and utilization of X. oryzae pv. oryzae siderophore. Mutations in the xssA, xssB, and xssE genes cause siderophore deficiency and growth restriction under iron-limiting conditions but are virulence proficient. An xsuA mutant displayed impairment in utilization of native siderophore, suggesting that XsuA acts as a specific receptor for a ferric-siderophore complex. Histochemical and fluorimetric assays with gusA fusions indicate that, during in planta growth, the feoB gene is expressed and that the xss operon is not expressed. This study represents the first report describing a role for feoB in virulence of any plant-pathogenic bacterium and the first functional characterization of a siderophore-biosynthetic gene cluster in any xanthomonad.

Functional characterization of long-chain prenyl diphosphate synthases from tomato

2013 ◽  
Vol 449 (3) ◽  
pp. 729-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew O. Jones ◽  
Laura Perez-Fons ◽  
Francesca P. Robertson ◽  
Peter M. Bramley ◽  
Paul D. Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Primary Metabolism ◽  
Virus Induced Gene Silencing ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Constitutive Overexpression ◽  
Prenyl Diphosphate ◽  
And Function ◽  
Leaf Appearance ◽  
Long Chain

The electron transfer molecules plastoquinone and ubiquinone are formed by the condensation of aromatic head groups with long-chain prenyl diphosphates. In the present paper we report the cloning and characterization of two genes from tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) responsible for the production of solanesyl and decaprenyl diphosphates. SlSPS (S. lycopersicum solanesyl diphosphate synthase) is targeted to the plastid and both solanesol and plastoquinone are associated with thylakoid membranes. A second gene [SlDPS (S. lycopersicum solanesyl decaprenyl diphosphate synthase)], encodes a long-chain prenyl diphosphate synthase with a different subcellular localization from SlSPS and can utilize geranyl, farnesyl or geranylgeranyl diphosphates in the synthesis of C45 and C50 prenyl diphosphates. When expressed in Escherichia coli, SlSPS and SlDPS extend the prenyl chain length of the endogenous ubiquinone to nine and ten isoprene units respectively. In planta, constitutive overexpression of SlSPS elevated the plastoquinone content of immature tobacco leaves. Virus-induced gene silencing showed that SlSPS is necessary for normal chloroplast structure and function. Plants silenced for SlSPS were photobleached and accumulated phytoene, whereas silencing SlDPS did not affect leaf appearance, but impacted on primary metabolism. The two genes were not able to complement silencing of each other. These findings indicate a requirement for two long-chain prenyl diphosphate synthases in the tomato.

scholarly journals Identification and Functional Characterization of Xanthomonas oryzae Pv. oryzae Isolates

2020 ◽  
pp. 78-84
Author(s):  
Diksha Kumari ◽  
Bishun Deo Parasad ◽  
Sangita Sahni ◽  
Abhijeet Ghatak
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Virulent Strain ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Host Pathogen Interaction ◽  
Ncbi Accession ◽  
Host Pathogen ◽  
Rice Leaves ◽  
Increased Activity

Rice is a model crop for studying host - pathogen interaction with one of the most devastating pathogens viz. Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). In the present investigation, an attempt was made to isolate a virulent strain of Xathomonas oryzae from infected rice leaves and production of antioxidant enzymes, which are widely used in studying host - pathogen interactions. Among five isolates of X. oryzae pv. oryzae, SboBLB3 showed greater virulence as it showed susceptibility symptoms in infected rice leaves. The NCBI accession number of SboBLB3 was MH986180, which was obtained by sequencing 16s rDNA. The increased activity of antioxidant enzymes after SboBLB3 further confirms its virulence. Induction of antioxidant enzymes showed that SboBLB3 is a virulent strain of X. oryzae and can be used in host - pathogen interaction at molecular level.

scholarly journals Functional Characterization of RING-Type E3 Ubiquitin Ligases In Vitro and In Planta

10.3791/60533 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Kud ◽  
Wenjie Wang ◽  
Yulin Yuan ◽  
Allan Caplan ◽  
Joseph C. Kuhl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Ubiquitin Ligases ◽  
E3 Ubiquitin Ligases ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Ring Type

scholarly journals Identification and functional characterization of small non-coding RNAs in Xanthomonas oryzae pathovar oryzae

BMC Genomics ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Liang ◽  
Ying-Tao Zhao ◽  
Jie-Qiong Zhang ◽  
Xiu-Jie Wang ◽  
Rong-Xiang Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Non Coding Rnas

Functional characterization of a stilbene synthase gene using a transient expression system in planta

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 589-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Condori ◽  
Giuliana Medrano ◽  
Ganapathy Sivakumar ◽  
Vipin Nair ◽  
Carole Cramer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transient Expression ◽  
Expression System ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Stilbene Synthase ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Transient Expression System ◽  
Stilbene Synthase Gene

scholarly journals Functional Characterization of BrF3'H, Which Determines the Typical Flavonoid Profile of Purple Chinese Cabbage

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangkyu Park ◽  
Hyo Lee ◽  
Myung Ki Min ◽  
Jihee Ha ◽  
Jaeeun Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Cabbage ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Pathway ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Normal Green ◽  
Wide Range

Flavonols and anthocyanins are the two major classes of flavonoids in Brassica rapa. To elucidate the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway in Chinese cabbage (B. rapa L. subsp. pekinensis), we analyzed flavonoid contents in two varieties of Chinese cabbage with normal green (5546) and purple (8267) leaves. The 8267 variety accumulates significantly higher levels of quercetin, isorhamnetin, and cyanidin than the 5546 variety, indicating that 3′-dihydroxylated flavonoids are more prevalent in the purple than in the green variety. Gene expression analysis showed that the expression patterns of most phenylpropanoid pathway genes did not correspond to the flavonoid accumulation patterns in 5546 and 8267 varieties, except for BrPAL1.2 while most early and late flavonoid biosynthetic genes are highly expressed in 8267 variety. In particular, the flavanone 3′-hydroxylase BrF3′H (Bra009312) is expressed almost exclusively in 8267. We isolated the coding sequences of BrF3′H from the two varieties and found that both sequences encode identical amino acid sequences and are highly conserved with F3'H genes from other species. An in vitro enzymatic assay demonstrated that the recombinant BrF3′H protein catalyzes the 3′-hydroxylation of a wide range of 4′-hydroxylated flavonoid substrates. Kinetic analysis showed that kaempferol is the most preferred substrate and dihydrokaempferol (DHK) is the poorest substrate for recombinant BrF3′H among those tested. Transient expression of BrF3′H in Nicotiana benthamiana followed by infiltration of naringenin and DHK as substrates resulted in eriodictyol and quercetin production in the infiltrated leaves, demonstrating the functionality of BrF3′H in planta. As the first functional characterization of BrF3′H, our study provides insight into the molecular mechanism underlying purple coloration in Chinese cabbage.

Functional characterization of chrysanthemum SEPALLATA3 homologs CDM77 and CDM44 in transgenic tobacco plants

2012 ◽  
Vol 443 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. N. Goloveshkina ◽  
O. A. Shulga ◽  
A. V. Shchennikova ◽  
A. M. Kamionskaya ◽  
K. G. Skryabin
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Tobacco ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Transgenic Tobacco Plants ◽  
Tobacco Plants

scholarly journals Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae XKK.12 Contains an AroQγ Chorismate Mutase That Is Involved in Rice Virulence

2010 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuliano Degrassi ◽  
Giulia Devescovi ◽  
Joseph Bigirimana ◽  
Vittorio Venturi
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Shikimate Pathway ◽  
Aromatic Amino Acids ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Chorismate Mutase ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Key Enzyme ◽  
Precise Role

Chorismate mutase (CM) is a key enzyme in the shikimate pathway which is responsible for the synthesis of aromatic amino acids. There are two classes of CMs, AroQ and AroH, and several pathogenic bacteria have been reported to possess a subgroup of CMs designated AroQγ. These CMs are usually exported to the periplasm or outside the cell; in a few cases, they have been reported to be involved in virulence and their precise role is currently unknown. Here, we report that the important rice pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae XKK.12 produces an AroQγ CM which we have purified and characterized from spent supernatants. This enzyme is synthesized in planta and X. oryzae pv. oryzae knock-out mutants are hypervirulent to rice. The role of this enzyme in X. oryzae pv. oryzae rice virulence is discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document