Reconstruction of the Lower Lip: Rationale to Preserve the Aesthetic Units of the Face

The Circles of Prominence, A New Theory on Beauty: Ideal Distances in the Eyes, Nose, Ears and Lips. The Circles of Prominence (COP) theorizes that the width of the iris serves as an ideal for multiple distances and shapes within the face. We wanted to test if the iris width (IW) dictates: 1.) the aesthetic ideal distance between eyelid margin and bottom of the eyebrow; 2.) the aesthetic ideal width of the nasal bridge and tip; 3.) the aesthetic ideal height of the upper lip; 4.) the aesthetic ideal height of the lower lip; 5.) and the aesthetic ideal distance the ear extends from the side of the face. This was a subjective survey to test these distances to find the ideal. The data supports that the ideal distance for eyebrow height, nasal bridge & tip width, and lower lip height are all 1 IW as predicted by the COP. The ideal height of the upper lip was statistically found to be ½ IW. The ideal distance that the ear extends from the side of the face was split between ½ IW and 1. As predicted, the data supports the idea that the Iris width serves as the ideal distance or shape for many elements in the face.

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A driver drowsiness and distraction warning system based on raspberry Pi 3 Kit

Transport and Communication Science Journal ◽

10.25073/tcsj.70.3.4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 70 (3) ◽

pp. 184-192

Author(s):

Toan Dao Thanh ◽

Vo Thien Linh

Keyword(s):

Processing System ◽

Warning System ◽

Raspberry Pi ◽

Data Set ◽

Lower Lip ◽

Driver Drowsiness ◽

Image Sensing ◽

The Face ◽

The Common ◽

University Laboratory

In this article, a system to detect driver drowsiness and distraction based on image sensing technique is created. With a camera used to observe the face of driver, the image processing system embedded in the Raspberry Pi 3 Kit will generate a warning sound when the driver shows drowsiness based on the eye-closed state or a yawn. To detect the closed eye state, we use the ratio of the distance between the eyelids and the ratio of the distance between the upper lip and the lower lip when yawning. A trained data set to extract 68 facial features and “frontal face detectors” in Dlib are utilized to determine the eyes and mouth positions needed to carry out identification. Experimental data from the tests of the system on Vietnamese volunteers in our University laboratory show that the system can detect at realtime the common driver states of “Normal”, “Close eyes”, “Yawn” or “Distraction”

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Non-syndromic double upper lip with triple frena: cosmetic cheiloplasty

BMJ Case Reports ◽

10.1136/bcr-2021-243156 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (9) ◽

pp. e243156

Author(s):

Monika Gupta ◽

Harshita Vig ◽

Yajas Kumar ◽

Aliza Rizvi

Keyword(s):

Psychological Distress ◽

Present Article ◽

Surgical Management ◽

Surgical Intervention ◽

The Other ◽

Upper Lip ◽

Lower Lip ◽

Facial Anomaly ◽

The Aesthetic ◽

Functional Problems

Double lip or macrocheilitis is a rare facial anomaly, mostly congenital in origin. It commonly involves the upper lip than the lower lip. It may occur in isolation or as part of the Ascher’s syndrome. It results due to deposition of excessive areolar tissue and non-inflammatory hyperplasia of labial mucosa gland of pars villosa. It may be acquired as a result of injury to the lips or lip-biting habit. The double lip becomes conspicuous when the lips are retracted during smiling resulting in the characteristic ‘cupid’s bow’ appearance. This disfigurement can pose aesthetic and functional problems and may result in psychological distress. A surgical intervention is must for restoration of functions and to address the aesthetic concerns. The present article reports a case of non-syndromic double upper lip with triple labial frena and its surgical management with laser on one side and with scalpel on the other side.

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Lip Shaving in Carcinoma Lower Lip and Reconstruction by Local Advancement Mucosal Flap Under Local Anesthesia: A Case Report

Volume 5 - 2020, Issue 9 - September - International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology ◽

10.38124/ijisrt20aug471 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (8) ◽

pp. 905-909

Author(s):

Tareq Mohammed ◽

Mamoon TB ◽

Md Sirajul Islam ◽

Md Aminul Islam ◽

Farid Uddin Milki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sun Exposure ◽

Squamous Cell Carcinomas ◽

Careful Planning ◽

Lower Lip ◽

Verbal Expression ◽

Lip Reconstruction ◽

Mucosal Flap ◽

The Face ◽

Extensive Surgery ◽

Oral Commissure

The lips are one of the most important features of the face; and are functionally and aesthetically very important. It serves as border of the oral commissure, provides access to oral cavity and contributes to oral competence. It is important for verbal expression and fundamental for facial expression and overall appearance of face1 . Excessive sun exposure and tobacco use, may develop cancer. The cancer can occur anywhere along the upper or lower lip, but is most common on the lower lip. Most lip cancers are squamous cell carcinomas. Surgery is the main stay of treatment and lip shave is an established modality for superficial lesion followed by reconstruction. Extensive surgery may be necessary for larger lesion. Careful planning and reconstruction can restore eating and speaking normally, and also achieve a satisfactory appearance after surgery. Evidence supports that the concept of lip reconstruction started as early as 1000 BC in the sacred texts of great Susruta, India2 . Lip mucosa is very special and it is recommended to reconstruct the surgical defect with lip tissue whenever possible, as any other tissue is never comparable or can replace the lip tissue3 . This is the example of this presented case.

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“To be honest, I’m pretty fat. Actually, I’m very fat”. Adjective fat as a Representation of the Concept of Obesity (Based on Corpus Data) – Preliminary Remarks

Vilnius University Open Series ◽

10.15388/vllp.2021.9 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 148-161

Author(s):

Dorota Pazio-Wlazłowska

Keyword(s):

Lexical Representation ◽

Contemporary Fiction ◽

Hair Color ◽

Social Aspect ◽

Physical Aspect ◽

Obese People ◽

Overweight People ◽

The Face ◽

Opposite Sex ◽

The Aesthetic

The article attempts to reconstruct the concept of obesity on the example of the adjective fat as one of its lexical representation. As a material for analysis, the texts of contemporary fiction (1990s–XXI century) obtained from the National Corpus of the Polish Language are used. An overweight people are characterized in the extracted material in physical, mental, aesthetic and social aspects. In the physical aspect, the face, teeth, hairstyle, hair color and appearance, height and size, as well as the physical activity are examined. Symptomatic for the physical aspect is the use of intensifiers: very obese, unbelievably obese, indecently obese. Within the mental aspect, character traits, intellectual potential, self-esteem and drug addiction are analysed. In the social aspect, attention is paid to the reluctant attitude of the environment towards obese people, the relationship of obese people with the opposite sex, as well as the main fields of activity, mainly excessive eating. As part of the aesthetic aspect, auditory, visual and olfactory impressions are analyzed. In the course of analysis lexical units used to characterize obese people are identified. The analysis shows that obese people are repulsive, unaesthetic, they smell badly and look unattractive, they eat all the time and move with difficulty. They are usually friendly and kind, but they have complexes about their looks.

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Capturing the many faces of an exploded star: communicating complex and evolving astronomical data

Journal of Science Communication ◽

10.22323/2.16050202 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 (05) ◽

pp. A02

Author(s):

Lisa Smith ◽

Kimberly Arcand ◽

Randall Smith ◽

Jay Bookbinder ◽

Jeffrey Smith

Keyword(s):

Science Communication ◽

Online Survey ◽

Object A ◽

Cassiopeia A ◽

The Public ◽

Use Of Technology ◽

The Face ◽

Final Item ◽

The Aesthetic ◽

The Many

This study explored how different presentations of an object in deep space affect understanding, engagement, and aesthetic appreciation. A total of n = 2,502 respondents to an online survey were randomly assigned to one of 11 versions of Cassiopeia A, comprising 6 images and 5 videos ranging from 3s to approximately 1min. Participants responded to intial items regarding what the image looked like, the aesthetic appeal of the image, perceptions of understanding, and how much the participant wanted to learn more. After the image was identified, participants indicated the extent to which the label increased understanding and how well the image represented the object. A final item asked for questions about the image for an atronomer. Results suggest that alternative types of images can and should be used, provided they are accompanied by explanations. Qualitative data indicated that explanations should include information about colors used, size, scale, and location of the object. The results are discussed in terms of science communication to the public in the face of increasing use of technology.

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Lower Eyelid and Midfacial Rejuvenation

Surgery of the Eyelid, Lacrimal System, and Orbit ◽

10.1093/oso/9780195340211.003.0035 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Chun Cheng Lin Yang ◽

Richard L. Anderson

Keyword(s):

Lower Eyelid ◽

Fat Pad ◽

Tear Trough ◽

Aesthetic Unit ◽

Lateral Canthus ◽

Age Related ◽

Crow’S Feet ◽

The Face ◽

The Aesthetic ◽

The Individual

Over the past two and a half decades, techniques for midfacial rejuvenation have evolved. Midfacial rejuvenation has gained significant popularity among many aesthetic surgeons, including the ophthalmic plastic surgeon. Yet rejuvenation of the midface remains a challenge for the aesthetic surgeon who seeks facial harmony. A variety of techniques and approaches are available, yet no single approach is ideal for all patients. It is clear that the age-related anatomic alterations that cause patients to seek rejuvenation vary from patient to patient, and that many patients have more than one anatomic alteration that must be addressed to rejuvenate the lower lid. The surgeon must address the individual needs of each patient for optimal results. It has also become clear that the lower eyelid and midface form a continuum that needs to be addressed in its entirety for optimal rejuvenation. To achieve this, the surgeon must understand the basic concepts important to lower eyelid and midface rejuvenation, which include an understanding of eyelid and midfacial anatomy, an understanding of aging changes of the lower eyelid and midface, and surgical approaches and nonincisional options. A full understanding of aging changes in the lower eyelid and midface is essential to successfully address midfacial rejuvenation. A harmonious facial appearance consists of a balanced relationship among all tissues of the face. With age, disturbance of this harmony among midfacial tissues occurs. The aging process of the midface encompasses the lower eyelid, malar fat pad and associated structures, melolabial fold, and lateral perioral region. Hester describes four important features of midfacial aging: (1) baring of the inferior orbital rim with creation of a hollow valley at the junction of the lower eyelid and cheek; (2) descent of the malar fat pad, with loss of malar prominence; (3) deepening of the tear trough; and (4) exaggeration of the nasolabial fold. The midface represents a crucial aesthetic unit of the face. It is bordered by structures that play major roles in the overall appearances of the face. The lower eyelid and tear trough toward the nose and the lateral canthus and crow’s feet at the superior lateral aspect frame the midface superiorly.

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Lower Lip Reconstruction Using Unilateral Nasolabial Gate Flap (Fujimori Technique)

Acta Medica Marisiensis ◽

10.2478/amma-2013-0009 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 59 (1) ◽

pp. 40-43 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Alina Iacob ◽

Bálint Bögözi

Keyword(s):

Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Point Of View ◽

Medium Size ◽

Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Reconstructive Procedures ◽

Lower Lip ◽

Lip Reconstruction ◽

Oncological Treatment ◽

Level I ◽

The Aesthetic

Abstract Background: In the medical literature there are multiple reconstructive procedures for small and medium size defects of the lower lip, but only a few methods for larger defects involving the whole lower lip. Choosing the repairing procedure for larger lower lip defects must take into account two aspects: flap or flaps used should be local flaps, and suture lines should correspond to the natural facial creases or follow the functional lines of different facial aesthetic units. Finally, the flap or flaps should be large enough to restore the entire postexcisional defect. However, the more tissue is lost from the lower lip, the more challenging the reconstruction is from a functional and cosmetic point of view. Material and methods: During the last 2 years in the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of the County Emergency Clinical Hospital in Tîrgu Mureș, the unilateral Fujimori technique has been successfully used for the reconstruction of large lower lip defects in 4 patients with extended, neglected squamous cell carcinomas involving almost the whole lower lip tissue. These patients underwent complex surgical and oncological treatment. Surgery was performed in two stages: first, excision of the tumor and immediate lip reconstruction, and then removal of submandibular lymph nodes (level I), in the second stage. Results: The aesthetic and functional recovery of these patients was very good, with no need of other subsequent surgical corrections. Conclusions: The postoperative reconstruction of large defects of the lower lip is far from optimal, but it is very important to restore an adequate muscle function, the lip continence and a satisfactory facial appearance.

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The Efficacy and Safety of Hyaluronic Acid Microinjection for Skin Rejuvenation in Vietnam

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2019.059 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 234-236 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hao Nguyen Trong ◽

Thao Vu Thi Phuong ◽

Thuong Van Nguyen ◽

Ha Vu Thai ◽

Nghi Dinh Huu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hyaluronic Acid ◽

Viscoelastic Properties ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Modern Society ◽

Efficacy And Safety ◽

Skin Rejuvenation ◽

Severity Rating ◽

Significant Clinical Improvement ◽

The Face ◽

The Aesthetic

BACKGROUND: Aging is an increasing concern of modern society, particularly facial ageing. In recent years, the microinjection technique has increasingly been emphasised as a skin rejuvenation strategy. Hyaluronic acid (HA) plays an important role in the hydration of the extracellular space and can thus improve skin hydration, firmness and viscoelastic properties. AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of HA microinjection in skin rejuvenation. METHODS: We enrolled thirty participants underwent three sessions of HA microinjection involving multiple injections in the face or back of the hands at 2-week intervals. The aesthetic outcomes were assessed at baseline and after 2, 4 and 8 weeks. Clinical evaluation was based on the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS) and the Wrinkle Severity Rating Scale (WSRS). RESULTS: Evaluation of photographs from 2, 4 and 8 weeks revealed significant clinical improvement in the brightness, texture and wrinkling of the skin. Analysis of the GAIS and WSRS scores revealed statistically significant results after 2 months. CONCLUSION: Most of the participants felt satisfied with the treatment (93.3%).

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Nigerian Female with Skin Lesions in the Leg and Face: Herpetic Sycosis Folliculitis

Case Reports in Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1155/2016/7948497 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Dominique Dilorenzo ◽

Naganna Channaveeraiah ◽

Patricia Gilford ◽

Bruce Deschere

Keyword(s):

Normal Skin ◽

The United States ◽

Skin Lesions ◽

Unusual Presentation ◽

Diagnostic Dilemma ◽

Lower Lip ◽

Hiv Test ◽

Mucus Membrane ◽

The Face ◽

The Right

Nongenital HSV 1 presents outside the mucus membrane. Our patient had unusual presentation that caused diagnostic dilemma. 30-year-old native Nigerian female coming with fiancée to the United States presented to our service one day after arrival through ER with a lesion on her right ankle. She was diagnosed with cellulitis, started on antibiotics, and admitted to hospital. She had fever of 39.1°C. Head and neck exam showed multiple sized lesions over tongue and palate and inner aspect of lower lip. Abdomen and genital exam was normal. Skin exam showed lesions over the face and lesions over the lateral aspect of the right leg. There was ulcerated lesion over the right lateral malleolus with surrounding erythema and edema. Her tests showed elevated ESR of 98; HIV test was negative; CT scan of the ankle showed no abscess or osteomyelitis. TB quantiferon was indeterminate; AFB stain and culture were negative; HSV IgM was elevated at 1 : 16; RPR was negative; ANA was negative; malaria screen was negative, and blood cultures were negative for bacteria, fungus, and virus. Debrided wound had no growth of bacteria or fungus or virus. This case illustrates the unusual presentation of the HSV1 outside the mucus membrane and how it can be confused with other conditions that required extensive tests. Therapeutic trail with antiviral medications resolved lesions over the leg and face.

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