scholarly journals Flawed Model Misrepresents the Impact of Anesthesiologists to Patient Safety in the Real World

2012 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 437-438
Author(s):  
Jerry A. Cohen ◽  
Norman A. Cohen ◽  
James D. Grant ◽  
Daniel J. Cole
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Real World ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Impact

PP469 From Theory To Practice: Which Value Framework Is Applied For Onco-Hematology Therapies In Italy? A 5-year Retrospective Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (S1) ◽  
pp. 37-37
Author(s):  
Americo Cicchetti ◽  
Rossella Di Bidino ◽  
Entela Xoxi ◽  
Irene Luccarini ◽  
Alessia Brigido
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
National Level ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
European Medicines Agency ◽  
The Real ◽  
R Process ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionDifferent value frameworks (VFs) have been proposed in order to translate available evidence on risk-benefit profiles of new treatments into Pricing & Reimbursement (P&R) decisions. However limited evidence is available on the impact of their implementation. It's relevant to distinguish among VFs proposed by scientific societies and providers, which usually are applicable to all treatments, and VFs elaborated by regulatory agencies and health technology assessment (HTA), which focused on specific therapeutic areas. Such heterogeneity in VFs has significant implications in terms of value dimension considered and criteria adopted to define or support a price decision.MethodsA literature research was conducted to identify already proposed or adopted VF for onco-hematology treatments. Both scientific and grey literature were investigated. Then, an ad hoc data collection was conducted for multiple myeloma; breast, prostate and urothelial cancer; and Non Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) therapies. Pharmaceutical products authorized by European Medicines Agency from January 2014 till December 2019 were identified. Primary sources of data were European Public Assessment Reports and P&R decision taken by the Italian Medicines Agency (AIFA) till September 2019.ResultsThe analysis allowed to define a taxonomy to distinguish categories of VF relevant to onco-hematological treatments. We identified the “real-world” VF that emerged given past P&R decisions taken at the Italian level. Data was collected both for clinical and economical outcomes/indicators, as well as decisions taken on innovativeness of therapies. Relevant differences emerge between the real world value framework and the one that should be applied given the normative framework of the Italian Health System.ConclusionsThe value framework that emerged from the analysis addressed issues of specific aspects of onco-hematological treatments which emerged during an ad hoc analysis conducted on treatment authorized in the last 5 years. The perspective adopted to elaborate the VF was the one of an HTA agency responsible for P&R decisions at a national level. Furthermore, comparing a real-world value framework with the one based on the general criteria defined by the national legislation, our analysis allowed identification of the most critical point of the current national P&R process in terms ofsustainability of current and future therapies as advance therapies and agnostic-tumor therapies.

scholarly journals The Promise of Creativity

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 389-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxine E. Sprague ◽  
Jim Parsons
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Real ◽  
Digital World ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Imaginative Play ◽  
A Priority ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, the authors discuss creativity and the impact it might have on teaching and learning. The authors believe that imaginative play, at all ages, helps all people (children especially) create healthy environments and spaces that expand their learning. The authors contend that teaching for imagination—which asks little more than creating and trusting an ecological space that engenders it—seldom is considered a priority. Given the emphasis on creativity in the real world and the virtual digital world, the authors believe it is important to add to the body of knowledge through continued research in this field.

scholarly journals The Role of Written Feedback in Numeracy in the Primary School Classroom

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miedzo Mutendi ◽  
Chipo Makamure
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Real World ◽  
Learning Goals ◽  
Written Feedback ◽  
Classroom Performance ◽  
The Real ◽  
School Classroom ◽  
The Impact

This study seeks to establish the quality and type of feedback necessary and suitable for learners, understandable by learners and implementable in the learning process by the learners to improve progress in learning numeracy. However, although written feedback is believed to be instrumental in shaping the pupils’ classroom performance, there is less agreement on whether this is workable in the real world of the classroom or has remained an intended goal of feedback. There is limited work in literature on how pupils respond or use written feedback to improve their performance. A questionnaire was administered to a group of Year 5 students at a school in England to solicit the pupils’ perceptions of the usefulness of written feedback and the challenges that were likely to be faced in interpreting and implementing the feedback. In order to measure the impact of feedback on students’ performance, a pre-test was given, pupils’ recommendations from the questionnaire were incorporated, and a second test was given two days later. The two sets of marks were then compared. It was found that pupils find it difficult to understand written feedback at times, mainly because of unfamiliar vocabulary used in the feedback and when they do understand the language, they often find it unhelpful in achieving their learning goals. Teachers are recommended to simplify and add more detail to feedback, making it as informative as possible about what was done well and suggest improvements that could be made.

The Impact of Qualitative Research on the “Real World”

2015 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 414-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leeat Granek ◽  
Ora Nakash
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Real World ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals TO CONTROL OR NOT TO CONTROL: HOW DO WE LEARN MORE ABOUT HOW AGRONOMIC INNOVATIONS PERFORM ON FARMS?

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (S1) ◽  
pp. 303-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
RIC COE ◽  
JOYCE NJOLOMA ◽  
FERGUS SINCLAIR
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Real World ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Scaling Up ◽  
System Response ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
The Real ◽  
Important Variation ◽  
The Impact

SUMMARYOur paper ‘Loading the dice in favour of the farmer: reducing the risk of adopting agronomic innovations’ revealed mean increases but also large variation in the impact of four agroforestry practises on maize yield, as experienced by farmers in Malawi. This prompted a response from Sileshi and Akinnifesi that was critical of the data and methods used. Their main concern was that farmers did not necessarily manage crops identically in plots with and those without trees, so the yield differences that we measured may be partly caused by these differences in crop management. We argue here that it is valid and useful to look at the actual effect on crop yield of farmers having trees intercropped with maize, rather than controlling for how the crop is managed, because this is what happens in the real world. Farmers respond to having trees in their field by treating their crop differently, so this is part of the system response to having trees in fields. Attempts to eliminate this will result in measuring an artefact rather than the real impact of trees on crop yield. By doing this, we revealed important variation in the impact of trees on crop yield amongst farmers, and we argue that it is important to explore, assess and communicate to farmers and development actors the extent and implications of this variation. Understanding the contextual factors that determine who is likely to benefit most from an innovation and for whom it is less suitable can then be incorporated in scaling up, so that targeting of innovations and the appropriateness of messages given to farmers are continuously refined.

scholarly journals Cyber conflict in the light of article 5 of the North Atlantic treaty

2019 ◽  
pp. 12-20
Author(s):  
Sylwia Leszczuk
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Real World ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Private Life ◽  
Cyber Attack ◽  
The Real ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Article 5 ◽  
The Impact

The rapid development of technology and hence also the cybernetic sphere, including the associated difficulties in defining it, as well as the occurrences within it and the lack of upholding legal regulations and too little awareness in public and private life as to the dangers it may generate, make it serve as a basis for the development of advanced and difficult to neutralize threats that are able to affect the real world. The most important in the context of  the text are cyber attacks and cyberwar. Due to the impact that the virtual world can have on reality, organizations such as NATO must finally adapt to changes taking place in the real world. The aim of the text is to take a look at an possibility of invoking the famous article 5 of the North Atlantic Treaty by a member state of  NATO. Keywords: cyberspace, cyberwar, cyber attack, cyberconflict, NATO, article 5 of the North Atlantic Treaty.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Utility of Smartphone-Based Sensor Assessments in Persons With Multiple Sclerosis in the Real-World Using an App (elevateMS): Observational, Prospective Pilot Digital Health Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Pratap ◽  
Daniel Grant ◽  
Ashok Vegesna ◽  
Meghasyam Tummalacherla ◽  
Stanley Cohan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Finger Tapping ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Functional Tests ◽  
Lower Extremity Function ◽  
The Real ◽  
Extremity Function ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease. Current monitoring practices predominantly rely on brief and infrequent assessments, which may not be representative of the real-world patient experience. Smartphone technology provides an opportunity to assess people’s daily-lived experience of MS on a frequent, regular basis outside of episodic clinical evaluations. OBJECTIVE The objectives of this study were to evaluate the feasibility and utility of capturing real-world MS-related health data remotely using a smartphone app, “elevateMS,” to investigate the associations between self-reported MS severity and sensor-based active functional tests measurements, and the impact of local weather conditions on disease burden. METHODS This was a 12-week, observational, digital health study involving 3 cohorts: self-referred participants who reported an MS diagnosis, clinic-referred participants with neurologist-confirmed MS, and participants without MS (controls). Participants downloaded the elevateMS app and completed baseline assessments, including self-reported physical ability (Patient-Determined Disease Steps [PDDS]), as well as longitudinal assessments of quality of life (Quality of Life in Neurological Disorders [Neuro-QoL] Cognitive, Upper Extremity, and Lower Extremity Function) and daily health (MS symptoms, triggers, health, mobility, pain). Participants also completed functional tests (finger-tapping, walk and balance, voice-based Digit Symbol Substitution Test [DSST], and finger-to-nose) as an independent assessment of MS-related cognition and motor activity. Local weather data were collected each time participants completed an active task. Associations between self-reported baseline/longitudinal assessments, functional tests, and weather were evaluated using linear (for cross-sectional data) and mixed-effects (for longitudinal data) regression models. RESULTS A total of 660 individuals enrolled in the study; 31 withdrew, 495 had MS (n=359 self-referred, n=136 clinic-referred), and 134 were controls. Participation was highest in clinic-referred versus self-referred participants (median retention: 25.5 vs 7.0 days). The top 5 most common MS symptoms, reported at least once by participants with MS, were fatigue (310/495, 62.6%), weakness (222/495, 44.8%), memory/attention issues (209/495, 42.2%), and difficulty walking (205/495, 41.4%), and the most common triggers were high ambient temperature (259/495, 52.3%), stress (250/495, 50.5%), and late bedtime (221/495, 44.6%). Baseline PDDS was significantly associated with functional test performance in participants with MS (mixed model–based estimate of most significant feature across functional tests [β]: finger-tapping: β=–43.64, <i>P</i>&lt;.001; DSST: β=–5.47, <i>P</i>=.005; walk and balance: β=–.39, <i>P</i>=.001; finger-to-nose: β=.01, <i>P</i>=.01). Longitudinal Neuro-QoL scores were also significantly associated with functional tests (finger-tapping with Upper Extremity Function: β=.40, <i>P</i>&lt;.001; walk and balance with Lower Extremity Function: β=–99.18, <i>P</i>=.02; DSST with Cognitive Function: β=1.60, <i>P</i>=.03). Finally, local temperature was significantly associated with participants’ test performance (finger-tapping: β=–.14, <i>P</i>&lt;.001; DSST: β=–.06, <i>P</i>=.009; finger-to-nose: β=–53.88, <i>P</i>&lt;.001). CONCLUSIONS The elevateMS study app captured the real-world experience of MS, characterized some MS symptoms, and assessed the impact of environmental factors on symptom severity. Our study provides further evidence that supports smartphone app use to monitor MS with both active assessments and patient-reported measures of disease burden. App-based tracking may provide unique and timely real-world data for clinicians and patients, resulting in improved disease insights and management.

scholarly journals Data Mining based Prediction of Demand in Indian Market for Refurbished Electronics

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-159
Author(s):  
Dr. V. Suma
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Real World ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Customer Behavior ◽  
The Real ◽  
Market Factors ◽  
Real World Datasets ◽  
The Impact

There has been an increasing demand in the e-commerce market for refurbished products across India during the last decade. Despite these demands, there has been very little research done in this domain. The real-world business environment, market factors and varying customer behavior of the online market are often ignored in the conventional statistical models evaluated by existing research work. In this paper, we do an extensive analysis of the Indian e-commerce market using data-mining approach for prediction of demand of refurbished electronics. The impact of the real-world factors on the demand and the variables are also analyzed. Real-world datasets from three random e-commerce websites are considered for analysis. Data accumulation, processing and validation is carried out by means of efficient algorithms. Based on the results of this analysis, it is evident that highly accurate prediction can be made with the proposed approach despite the impacts of varying customer behavior and market factors. The results of analysis are represented graphically and can be used for further analysis of the market and launch of new products.

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