Melanoma risk factors, perceived threat and intentional tanning: an international online survey

BACKGROUND: In their working life, airline pilots are exposed to particular risk factors that promote nonspecific low back pain (LBP). Because of the varying incidence internationally, we evaluated the point prevalences of acute, subacute, and chronic nonspecific LBP, as well as the current prevalences in German airline pilots. Furthermore, we compared the prevalence to the general German population and to European counterparts.METHODS: An anonymous online survey of 698 participating German airline pilots was evaluated. The impairment between groups was analyzed. Prevalences from our data were compared to existing data.RESULTS: The following point prevalences were found: 8.2% acute, 2.4% subacute, 82.7% chronic LBP; 74.1% of all individuals were suffering from current LBP when answered the questionnaire. A total time spent flying greater than 600 h within the last 12 mo was significantly related to acute nonspecific LBP. Individuals with any type of LBP were significantly impaired compared to those unaffected. It was found that German airline pilots suffer more often from current LBP than the general population and have a higher point prevalence of total LBP than their European counterparts.CONCLUSIONS: The evaluation showed a surprisingly high, previously unidentified, prevalence of nonspecific LBP in German airline pilots. Why German airline pilots suffer more often from LBP remains uncertain. The number of flying hours appears to have a negative effect on developing acute low back pain, but causation cannot be concluded. Other risk factors could not be confirmed.Albermann M, Lehmann M, Eiche C, Schmidt J, Prottengeier J. Low back pain in commercial airline pilots. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2020; 91(12):940947.

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Sociodemographic and Psychological Risk Factors for Anxiety and Depression: Findings from the Covid-19 Health and Adherence Research in Scotland on Mental Health (CHARIS-MH) Cross-sectional Survey

International Journal of Behavioral Medicine ◽

10.1007/s12529-021-09967-z ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Gill Hubbard ◽

Chantal den Daas ◽

Marie Johnston ◽

Diane Dixon

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Social Support ◽

Illness Representations ◽

Gender Effects ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Perceived Threat ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Psychological Risk Factors ◽

Psychological Risk

Abstract Background Investigations about mental health report prevalence rates with fewer studies investigating psychological and social factors influencing mental health during the Covid-19 pandemic. Study aims: (1) identify sociodemographic groups of the adult population at risk of anxiety and depression and (2) determine if the following social and psychological risk factors for poor mental health moderated these direct sociodemographic effects: loneliness, social support, threat perception, illness representations. Methods Cross-sectional nationally representative telephone survey in Scotland in June 2020. If available, validated instruments were used, for example, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4) to measure anxiety and depression. Simple linear regressions followed by examination of moderation effect. Results A total of 1006 participants; median age 53 years, 61.4% female, from all levels of area deprivation (i.e., 3.8% in the most deprived decile and 15.6% in the most affluent decile). Analyses show associations of anxiety and depression with sociodemographic (age, gender, deprivation), social (social support, loneliness) and psychological factors (perceived threat and illness representations). Mental health was poorer in younger adults, women and people living in the most deprived areas. Age effects were exacerbated by loneliness and illness representations, gender effects by loneliness and illness representations and deprivation effects by loneliness, social support, illness representations and perceived threat. In each case, the moderating variables amplified the detrimental effects of the sociodemographic factors. Conclusions These findings confirm the results of pre-Covid-19 pandemic studies about associations between sociodemographics and mental health. Loneliness, lack of social support and thoughts about Covid-19 exacerbated these effects and offer pointers for pre-emptive action.

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Comparison of prevalence and risk factors of somatization between Chinese health care workers and non-health care workers during COVID-19 outbreak

BMC Psychiatry ◽

10.1186/s12888-021-03294-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Xiuli Song ◽

Yongjie Zhou ◽

Wenwang Rao ◽

Xiangyang Zhang

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Health Care ◽

Health Care Workers ◽

Online Survey ◽

Medical Service ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Related Factors ◽

Dimension Score ◽

Care Workers ◽

High Prevalence

Abstract Background This study aimed to compare prevalence and risk factors of somatization (SOM) between health care workers and non-health care workers during COVID-19 outbreak in China. Methods From 14 February to 29 March 2020, an online survey was performed in both 605 health care workers and 1151 non-health care workers. Based on the somatization dimension score of the Symptom Checklist-90, participants were divided into non-SOM group and SOM group. Results Health care workers had higher prevalence rate of SOM (p < 0.001) than non-health care workers, with an OR of 1.70 (95% CI, 1.22–2.36, p = 0.002). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that in non-health care workers, the risk factors of SOM included other ethnicities, insomnia, and suicide, while in health care workers, the risk factors included working 6–8 h per day, and working ≥10 h per day during COVID-19 outbreak. Conclusions Our research suggests that both non-health care workers and health care workers have a relatively high prevalence of somatization. However, the related factors for somatization in both groups are significantly different, showing that medical service-related factors are associated with somatization in health care workers, while demographic and clinical factors are associated with somatization in non-health care workers.

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Burnout amongst neurosurgical trainees in the UK and Ireland

Acta Neurochirurgica ◽

10.1007/s00701-021-04873-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nadia Liber Salloum ◽

Phillip Correia Copley ◽

Marco Mancuso-Marcello ◽

John Emelifeonwu ◽

Chandrasekaran Kaliaperumal

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Workplace Bullying ◽

Online Survey ◽

Medical Profession ◽

Leisure Activities ◽

Attrition Rates ◽

Workplace Stressors ◽

Potential Risk Factors ◽

The Uk ◽

Enhance Patient Care

Abstract Introduction Burnout is becoming an increasingly recognised phenomenon within the medical profession. This study aims to investigate the presence of burnout amongst neurosurgical trainees in the UK and Ireland as well as investigating potential exacerbating and protective factors. Method An online survey was sent to all neurosurgical trainees in the UK and Ireland via the British Neurosurgical Trainees’ Association (BNTA) mailing list. Responding participants anonymously completed the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) and answered questions about known risk factors for burnout including workplace environment, workplace bullying, time spent on leisure activities and sleep and reported likelihood of leaving neurosurgery. We also collated data on responders’ demographics. We compared CBI scores for participants with and without risk factors to determine correlation with CBI. Results There were 75 respondents (response rate 42%) from a range of ages and all training grades, 72% of whom were male. The median CBI score was 38.85 (IQR 17.76). Participants showed a higher degree of personal and workplace burnout (median CBIs of 47.02, IQR 25.00; and 49.14, IQR 19.64, respectively) compared with patient-related burnout (median CBI 18.67, IQR 25.00). Participants with the following self-reported risk factors were significantly more likely to have higher CBIs: workplace bullying (p = 0.01), getting on less well with colleagues (p < 0.05), working longer hours (p < 0.05) and insufficient sleep, exercise and leisure time (all p < 0.01). Those with higher CBI scores were more likely to consider leaving neurosurgical training (p = 0.01). Conclusion We identified a high burnout incidence in a cohort representative of UK neurosurgical trainees, although our results may have been skewed somewhat by selection bias. We determined potential risk factors for burnout related to specific workplace stressors and time for non-work activities. In the future, changes to training curricula should address these issues, aiming to improve training, enhance patient care and reduce attrition rates.

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Blood Donation-Related Adverse Reactions: Results of an Online Survey among Donors in Germany (2018)

Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy ◽

10.1159/000516049 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Stefano Orru’ ◽

Kay Poetzsch ◽

Marcus Hoffelner ◽

Margarethe Heiden ◽

Markus B. Funk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Whole Blood ◽

Online Survey ◽

Adverse Reactions ◽

Blood Donation ◽

Age Groups ◽

Female Gender ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Logistic Analysis ◽

German Legislation

Introduction: According to German legislation, reports of suspected serious adverse reactions (AR) associated with the donation of blood and its components are continuously being evaluated by the Paul-Ehrlich-Institut. This survey aimed at providing a more complete picture of the AR associated with the donation of blood and blood components. Materials and Methods: Eligible donors had the opportunity to anonymously report all AR occurring during or after their last donation by completing an online questionnaire. Reported AR were classified according to the Standard for Surveillance of Complications Related to Blood Donation. Donors’ self-assessment of AR seriousness was compared with the official severity classification as laid down by German legislation. Besides a descriptive statistical analysis, a multiple logistic analysis was performed to identify risk factors for AR. Results: A total of 8,138 data records were evaluated. Slightly more males (57.9%) participated in the survey and, except for donors aged ≥60 years, all age groups were equally represented. The majority of participants were whole blood donors (85.4%), repeat donors (97.2%), and stayed under observation in the blood establishment (BE) for more than 5 min (63.1%) after donation. Most participants did not report any reaction (72.5%), whereas 2,237 reported at least one AR (27.5%), 475 of whom underwent apheresis and 1,762 donated whole blood. Most AR occurred after leaving the BE (64.4%). Only a minority of participants required medical treatment (5.1%) or assessed the experienced AR as serious (3.9%). The most frequently reported donor AR were haematoma and other local reactions (57.6%). Vasovagal reactions without and with loss of consciousness were developed in 17 and 2% of the participants, respectively, whilst 7.6% experienced citrate reactions. New AR (i.e., allergic reactions and symptoms associated with iron deficiency) were reported as well. The occurrence of AR was linked to risk factors (i.e., female gender, young age, first-time donation, and thrombocytapheresis). Discussion: This survey yielded a more comprehensive AR spectrum, revealed a prolonged time to symptom onset, and identified risk factors for AR. This novel information could be implemented in an amended informed consent addressing common and rare AR.

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Birth desires and intentions of women diagnosed with a meningioma

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/2014.11.jns14522 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 122 (5) ◽

pp. 1151-1156 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Michelle A. Owens ◽

Benjamin M. Craig ◽

Kathleen M. Egan ◽

Damon R. Reed

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

General Population ◽

Potential Risk ◽

Online Survey ◽

Common Factor ◽

Reproductive Decisions ◽

Childbearing Age ◽

Potential Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factors For Recurrence ◽

The Impact

OBJECT To the authors' knowledge, no previous study has examined the impact of meningioma diagnosis on women's birth desires and intentions. In an exploratory study, the authors surveyed women affected by meningioma to determine their attitudes toward childbearing and the influences, including physician recommendations, on this major life decision and compared their responses to those of women in the general population. METHODS Meningioma survivors from the Meningioma Mommas online support group participated in an online survey that included questions on their birth desires and intentions, whether the risk of disease recurrence influenced their reproductive decisions, and risks communicated to them by their physicians. Using chi-square and rank-sum tests, the authors compared the survey participants' responses with those of the general population as assessed by the 2006–2010 National Survey of Family Growth. Logistic regression was used to adjust for differences in age, race, ethnicity, education, parity, pregnancy status, and infertility status in these populations. RESULTS Respondents with meningioma were more likely than those in the general population to report wanting a baby (70% vs 54%, respectively), intending to have a baby (27% vs 12%, respectively), and being very sure about this intention (10% vs 2%, respectively). More than half (32 of 61) of the women of childbearing age reported being advised by a physician about potential risk factors for recurrence of the meningioma, and pregnancy was the most commonly cited risk factor (26 of 61). The most common factor influencing birth desires and intentions was risk of the meningioma returning and requiring more treatment, which was reported by nearly two-thirds of the women in their childbearing years. CONCLUSIONS A majority of the meningioma survivors of childbearing age who completed the survey reported a desire for children, although concern about the risk of meningioma recurrence was an important factor for these women when making reproductive decisions. Physicians are in a position to educate their patients on potential risk factors for recurrence and to provide contact information for services such as counseling and family planning.

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Physician testing for HIV in patients treated with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and lamivudine monotherapy for hepatitis B virus

Sexual Health ◽

10.1071/sh17045 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 89 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jillian S. Y. Lau ◽

Dilip Ratnam ◽

Ian Woolley

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Hepatitis B Virus ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate ◽

Online Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Physician Practices ◽

B Virus ◽

Transcription Inhibitor

Previously we found that local patients were often not tested for HIV prior to commencing nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcription inhibitor (NRTI) therapy for hepatitis B virus. We performed a national cross-sectional cohort study of physician practices via an online survey. A small majority (23/44; 52%) of participants reported always testing their hepatitis B virus patients for HIV prior to NRTI therapy, and 8/44 (18%) reported testing for HIV the majority of the time. Thirteen (30%) respondents reported testing only if risk factors were present. One physician reported a patient seroconverting to HIV while on TDF monotherapy.

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Routes of Extraocular Extension of Uveal Melanoma: Risk Factors and Influence on Survival Probability

Yearbook of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1016/s0084-392x(09)79021-5 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2009 ◽

pp. 241-243

Author(s):

R.C. Eagle

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Uveal Melanoma ◽

Survival Probability ◽

Melanoma Risk

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Assessment of Malignant Melanoma Risk Factors and Their Attitudes Towards Protection from the Sun in Patients Applying to Family Physician Polyclinics

Konuralp Tıp Dergisi ◽

10.18521/ktd.298063 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Ezgi Ağadayı ◽

Aybüke Demir Alsancak ◽

Duygu Üstünol ◽

İrfan Şencan ◽

Hatice Küçükceran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Malignant Melanoma ◽

Family Physician ◽

The Sun ◽

Melanoma Risk

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Explaining resistance intention towards mobile HRM application: the dark side of technology adoption

International Journal of Manpower ◽

10.1108/ijm-03-2021-0198 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Amit Shankar ◽

Achint Nigam

Keyword(s):

Resource Management ◽

Human Resource Management ◽

Human Resource ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Online Survey ◽

Dark Side ◽

Perceived Threat ◽

Content Type ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Personal Innovativeness

PurposeThe mobile human resource management application (mHRM app) has recently been seen as an innovative cloud-based solution to manage human resource management (HRM) within organisation. Despite its great potential, organisations have shown resistance towards the usage of the mHRM app. This study investigates the dark side of electronic HRM (eHRM) by examining factors affecting HR professionals' resistance to the mHRM app using status quo bias (SQB) theory. The study also examines the moderating effect of personal innovativeness.Design/methodology/approachResponses were collected from 239 HR professionals using an online survey. Structural equation modelling (SEM) and PROCESS macro were used to examine the hypotheses.FindingsThe results indicated that regret avoidance, inertia, switching costs and perceived threat significantly affect HR professionals' resistance towards mHRM app adoption. Results also indicated that high personal innovativeness negatively moderates the association between inhibitors and resistance to adopt the mHRM app.Practical implicationsThe study's findings will help HR professionals reduce their resistance towards mHRM app adoption.Originality/valueThis study enriches eHRM, mobile applications and the SQB literature.

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