Impacts of heavy smoking and alcohol consumption on workplace presenteeism

Abstract Background Adherence to healthy lifestyles/behaviours promotes healthy ageing. However, little is known about whether age, sex and/or race/ethnicity moderate associations of lifestyle/behavioural factors with relative telomere length (RTL), a potential biomarker of ageing. Methods We included 749 midlife to older non-Hispanic White (n = 254), Black (n = 248) and Hispanic (n = 247) US participants [mean (standard deviation) age = 69.3 (7.2) years; women: 50.5%]. We extracted genomic DNA from peripheral leucocytes. RTL was assayed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Multivariable regression was used to examine associations between lifestyle/behavioural exposures (i.e. physical activity, alcohol consumption, smoking and depression) with RTL. Results Increasing chronological age was associated with shorter RTL (P < 0.01). Higher physical activity was associated with longer RTL (P-trend = 0.03); daily versus never/rare alcohol consumption and 30+ versus <5 smoking pack-year were associated with shorter RTLs (P-trend = 0.02). Associations varied significantly by sex and race/ethnicity. The association between physical activity and longer RTL appeared strongest among non-Hispanic Whites (P-interaction = 0.01). Compared to men, women had stronger associations between heavy smoking and shorter RTLs (P-interaction = 0.03). Light/moderate alcohol consumption (monthly/weekly) was associated with longer RTL among non-Hispanic Whites, while daily consumption was related to shorter RTLs among Blacks and Hispanics (P-interactions < 0.01). Associations of daily alcohol and heavy smoking with shorter RTLs were particularly apparent among Black women. Conclusion We observed novel variations by sex and race/ethnicity in associations between lifestyle/behavioural factors and RTL. Further work is needed to replicate these findings and to address potential public health implications for modifying strategies by sex or across racial/ethnic groups to optimise lifestyles/behaviours for healthy ageing.

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Trends and Socioeconomic Factors in Smoking and Alcohol Consumption Among Chinese Adults: Evidence From National Health Service Surveys

10.21203/rs.3.rs-151174/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kehui Liu ◽

Yan Ding ◽

Xiang Lu ◽

Zhonghua Wang

Keyword(s):

National Health Service ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Health Service ◽

Socioeconomic Factors ◽

Rural Area ◽

National Health ◽

Smoking Rate ◽

Excessive Drinking ◽

Heavy Smoking

Abstract Background: Smoking and excessive drinking are risk factors for many diseases. With the rapid economic development in China, it is important to identify trends in smoking and alcohol consumption and factors that contribute to these behaviors to ensure the health of the population.Methods: we analyzed pooled cross-sectional data from the fourth, fifth, and sixth National Health Service Surveys conducted in Jiangsu Province in 2008, 2013, and 2018, respectively. Trends in smoking and alcohol use were analyzed with descriptive statistics, and bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to identify contributing factors.Results: Among total sample, smoking rate was 23.95%, in which the incidence of mild, moderate and severe smoking was 5.75%, 4.63% and 13.56%, respectively; drinking rate was 23.29%, in which non-excessive drinking and excessive drinking were 19.80% and 3.49%, respectively. From 2008–2018, overall and light-to-moderate smoking rates first increased and then decreased while heavy smoking rate declined; and alcohol consumption increased while excessive drinking increased before decreasing. The varying tendency of smoking and drinking rates in urban area was similar to rural area, however there was a significant gap in incidence between urban and rural area. Socioeconomic factors, demographic, health-related and year variables were significant associated with smoking and drinking. Conclusion: Preventive measures such as education and support services along with stricter regulations for tobacco and alcohol use are needed to improve public health in China.

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Trends and socioeconomic factors in smoking and alcohol consumption among Chinese people: evidence from the 2008–2018 National Health Service Surveys in Jiangsu Province

Archives of Public Health ◽

10.1186/s13690-021-00646-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 79 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Kehui Liu ◽

Yan Ding ◽

Xiang Lu ◽

Zhonghua Wang

Keyword(s):

National Health Service ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Health Service ◽

Socioeconomic Factors ◽

Rural Area ◽

Smoking Rate ◽

Excessive Drinking ◽

Heavy Smoking ◽

Drinking Rate

Abstract Background Smoking and excessive drinking are risk factors for many diseases. With the rapid economic development in China, it is important to identify trends in smoking and alcohol consumption and socioeconomic factors that contribute to these behaviors to ensure the health of the population. Methods we analyzed pooled cross-sectional data from the fourth, fifth, and sixth National Health Service Surveys conducted in Jiangsu Province in 2008, 2013, and 2018, respectively. The study population was those over 15 years old in three surveys. Trends in smoking and alcohol use were analyzed with descriptive statistics, and bivariate and multinomial logistic regression was used to identify contributing factors. Results Among total sample, smoking rate was 23.95%, in which the incidence of light, moderate and heavy smoking was 5.75, 4.63 and 13.56%, respectively; drinking rate was 23.29%, in which non-excessive drinking and excessive drinking were 19.80 and 3.49%, respectively, “smoking and drinking” rate was 13.41%. From 2008 to 2018, overall and light-to-moderate smoking rates first increased and then decreased while heavy smoking rate declined; alcohol consumption increased while excessive drinking increased before decreasing; and the incidence of “smoking and drinking” has been rising continuously. The trend of smoking and drinking rates in urban area was similar to rural area, however there was significant difference between urban and rural area. Socioeconomic factors, demographic, health-related and year variables were significant influencing factors of smoking and drinking. Conclusion Our research can provide important evidences for tobacco and alcohol control in China and other similar developing countries. Preventive measures such as education and support services along with stricter regulations for tobacco and alcohol use are needed to improve public health in China.

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Death in Transitional Asia: 11-Year All-Cause Mortality in the Thai Cohort Study

Global Journal of Health Science ◽

10.5539/gjhs.v11n4p1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Matthew J. Kelly ◽

Chalapati Rao ◽

Sam-ang Seubsman ◽

Adrian C. Sleigh

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Protective Effect ◽

Substantial Reduction ◽

Baseline Survey ◽

Ageing Society ◽

Registration System ◽

Heavy Smoking ◽

All Cause Mortality

OBJECTIVE: Thailand is experiencing a substantial reduction in overall mortality, an ageing society and increasing prevalence of non-communicable diseases. There is an urgent need to understand locally important risk factors for this new disease burden and their distribution. We investigated risk factors for mortality in a large cohort of Thai adults and report on key trends. PARTICIPANTS: A nationwide cohort of 87,151 Thai adults followed up since 2005 with their data records linked to the Thai civil registration system to monitor mortality up to the end of 2016. METHODS: We used logistic regression models to measure associations between a large range of socio-demographic, health behaviour and health status variables and all-cause mortality. RESULTS: 1402 cohort members died between 2005 and 2016. In fully-adjusted models higher income, female sex, and higher education had the strongest protective effects against mortality. Normal body weight also protected (AOR 0.71 [0.52-0.96] with Obese as reference). Heavy smoking (AOR 1.48 [1.29-1.70]), and regular alcohol consumption (AOR 1.37 [1.12-1.68]) were associated with the highest mortality. Experiencing injury in the year proceeding the baseline survey also associated with increased mortality, while urbanising since childhood had a protective effect. CONCLUSION: This study adds to evidence regarding risks for all-cause mortality in Thailand. Results indicate the need for Thailand to maintain successful tobacco control programs and to address the effects of increased alcohol consumption. The protective effect of higher education is particularly important in Thailand given the growing proportion of the population who are finishing high school and moving to higher education.

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Changes in Smoking, Alcohol Consumption, and the Risk of Thyroid Cancer: A Population-Based Korean Cohort Study

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers13102343 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (10) ◽

pp. 2343

Author(s):

Yohwan Yeo ◽

Kyungdo Han ◽

Dong-Wook Shin ◽

Dahye Kim ◽

Su-Min Jeong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Cancer ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

National Health ◽

Screening Program ◽

Population Based ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Heavy Smoking ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Drinking Status ◽

Thyroid Cancer Risk

To elucidate potential causality between smoking and alcohol intake on thyroid cancer incidence, we explored the effect of changes in smoking and alcohol consumption habits. From the Korean National Health Insurance database, we identified 4,430,070 individuals who participated in the national health screening program in 2009 and 2011. The level of smoking and alcohol consumption was measured twice, once in 2009 and again in 2011. The risk of thyroid cancer according to their changes was estimated using the Cox proportional hazard model. During the mean follow-up period of 6.32 ± 0.72 years, 29,447 individuals were diagnosed with thyroid cancer. Compared to those who sustained not smoking, non-smokers who initiated smoking to light (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 0.96, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.81–1.15), moderate (aHR 0.90, 95% CI 0.78–1.04), and heavy level (aHR 0.81, 95% CI 0.69–0.96) had a decreased risk of thyroid cancer. Heavy smokers who quit smoking had an increased risk of thyroid cancer (aHR 1.23, 95% CI 1.06–1.42) compared to those who sustained heavy smoking. Change in drinking status was not significantly associated with thyroid cancer risk compared to drinking at the same level, although a non-significant trend of increased risk was noted in quitters. Participants who initiated both smoking and drinking (HR 0.80, 95% CI 0.69–0.93) had a lower risk of thyroid cancer compared with those who continued not to smoke and drink. Our findings provide further evidence that smoking, and possibly alcohol consumption, would have true protective effects on the development of thyroid cancer.

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Impacts of Smoking and Alcohol Consumption on Workplace Presenteeism: A Cross-Sectional Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-34300/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

So Young Lee ◽

Jinhwa Lee ◽

Min Kwon

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Low Income ◽

Alcohol Drinking ◽

Occupational Injuries ◽

Limited Attention ◽

Drinking Alcohol ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Heavy Smoking ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background: Presenteeism refers to the practice of going to work despite poor health, resulting in subpar performance. The problems caused by smoking and drinking alcohol while on company premises have received limited attention despite their health hazards, which are linked to sick leave, occupational injuries, and reduced productivity. This study aimed to investigate the effects of smoking and alcohol drinking on presenteeism. Methods: The study participants were 60,051 wage workers from the database of the second and third Korean Working Conditions Surveys (KWCS) in 2010 and 2011 , respectively. A total of 41,672 workers aged 19 and over who had worked for at least one hour in the previous week answered the survey questions. Chi-squared tests and multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted using SPSS 18.0 to determine the impacts of smoking and drinking alcohol on presenteeism. Results: Of the 41,672 Korean workers, 8565 (20.6%) had experienced presenteeism in the past 12 months. Presenteeism was higher among women; the elderly; people with low educational status; people with low income; people with 5-11 days absenteeism; people with more working time; people with health problems; heavy smokers; and high-risk alcohol drinkers than other participants. Based on the results of multiple regression analysis, heavy smoking (AOR = 2.10, 95% CI [1.56, 2.82]) and high-risk drinking of alcohol (AOR = 1.20, 95% CI [1.10, 1.31]) were significantly related to presenteeism among workers.Conclusions: Smoking and alcohol drinking are associated with and potentially influence presenteeism; therefore, interventions for employees, and for the general public, may improve workplace productivity and reduce accidents. Companies that encourage employees to receive treatments for reduction of smoking or alcohol consumption may benefit from greater productivity. Hence, we should consider the impact of smoking and alcohol in the workplace and build appropriate strategies and implementation programs to help reduce heavy smoking and high-risk alcohol drinking behaviors.

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