scholarly journals Thermal switch of oscillation frequency in Belousov–Zhabotinsky liquid marbles

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 190078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Adamatzky ◽  
Claire Fullarton ◽  
Neil Phillips ◽  
Ben De Lacy Costello ◽  
Thomas C. Draper
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Oscillation Frequency ◽  
Electrical Potential ◽  
Powder Coating ◽  
External Control ◽  
Potential Oscillations ◽  
Bz Reaction ◽  
Liquid Marbles ◽  
Thermal Switch ◽  
Oscillation Dynamics

External control of oscillation dynamics in the Belousov–Zhabotinsky (BZ) reaction is important for many applications including encoding computing schemes. When considering the BZ reaction, there are limited studies dealing with thermal cycling, particularly cooling, for external control. Recently, liquid marbles (LMs) have been demonstrated as a means of confining the BZ reaction in a system containing a solid–liquid interface. BZ LMs were prepared by rolling 50 μl droplets in polyethylene (PE) powder. Oscillations of electrical potential differences within the marble were recorded by inserting a pair of electrodes through the LM powder coating into the BZ solution core. Electrical potential differences of up to 100 mV were observed with an average period of oscillation ca 44 s. BZ LMs were subsequently frozen to −1°C to observe changes in the frequency of electrical potential oscillations. The frequency of oscillations reduced upon freezing to 11 mHz cf. 23 mHz at ambient temperature. The oscillation frequency of the frozen BZ LM returned to 23 mHz upon warming to ambient temperature. Several cycles of frequency fluctuations were able to be achieved.

COUPLED INDUCTORS-BASED CHAOTIC COLPITTS OSCILLATOR

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (02) ◽  
pp. 569-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARTURO BUSCARINO ◽  
LUIGI FORTUNA ◽  
MATTIA FRASCA ◽  
GREGORIO SCIUTO
Keyword(s):  
Bifurcation Diagram ◽  
Oscillation Frequency ◽  
Control Parameter ◽  
External Control ◽  
Chaotic Circuit ◽  
Colpitts Oscillator ◽  
Variable Resistor ◽  
Coupled Inductors

In this paper, a new chaotic circuit is introduced, conceived by considering a Colpitts oscillator with the inclusion of two further elements: a coupled inductor and a variable resistor. The proposed circuit exhibits a rich dynamics that has been experimentally characterized through the bifurcation diagram with respect to the resistor value. The main result that can be derived from the analysis of the new circuit leads to a simple way to control chaos in the chaotic Colpitts oscillator by varying a single external control parameter. The same technique has then been applied to the classical periodic Colpitts oscillator, demonstrating how in this way the oscillation frequency can be controlled.

Evaluation of Environmentally Friendly Zr Based Nano Structured Conversion Coating for HRS (Hot Rolled Steel) in Powder Coating

2009 ◽  
Vol 283-286 ◽  
pp. 316-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bulent Tepe ◽  
Banihan Gunay
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Powder Coating ◽  
Conversion Coating ◽  
Rolled Steel ◽  
Conversion Coatings ◽  
Hot Rolled ◽  
Hot Rolled Steel

Metals, despite their deterioration in a corrosive atmosphere, continue to dominate the automotive, agricultural, furniture, process and appliance industries and HRS (Hot Rolled Steel) plays a significant role in those areas. Powder coating on HRS is widely employed for protective and aesthetic purposes. Prior to powder coating, phosphating conversion coating is often used to increase effectiveness of protection. However, due to tightening environmental legislations, phosphating process is now problems for industry. Therefore, newly developed environmentally friendly conversion coats are introduced to industry. In this study a new environmentally friendly zirconium fluoro-based (H2ZrF6) generation of conversion coating has been introduced to replace the conventional phosphating conversion coatings process. It is deposited on the surface with a thin nanometre range, therefore shortening the process, which also has advantages such as being free of heavy metal and operating in low or ambient temperature. The present work closely examines Zr based nano structured conversion coatings for HRS. Extensive corrosion and adhesion studies are carried out on differently prepared HRS test panels, pre-treated with Zr based conversion coating in various conditions, such as different composition ratio, temperature and contact time.

FRACTAL GROWTH PATTERNS AND OSCILLATIONS IN POTENTIAL DURING ELECTROPOLYMERIZATION OF ANILINE WITH MONO- AND MIXED SURFACTANTS

Fractals ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (03) ◽  
pp. 317-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
ISHWAR DAS ◽  
NAMITA R. AGRAWAL ◽  
RINKI CHOUDHARY ◽  
SANJEEV KUMAR GUPTA
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Electrical Potential ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Ammonium Bromide ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Diffusion Limited Aggregation ◽  
Fractal Growth ◽  
Potential Oscillations

Fractal growth patterns of polyaniline were developed during electropolymerization of aniline using the surfactants sodium dodecyl sulphate (NaDS) and NaDS containing cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB). Growth kinetics was studied and electric potential oscillations were monitored as a function of time. On addition of CTAB polymer growth was inhibited due to coordination of CTAB with the growing polyaniline chain. The average particle size of the polymer aggregate obtained from aniline- NaDS-H2O system was ~150 nm as evident by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) results. Polymer aggregates were characterized by electrical conductivity measurements, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Thermogravimetric (TG) studies. An interaction between NaDS and aniline was observed in the absence of electric field as evident by (i) electrical conductivity of aqueous solution of NaDS in the absence and presence of aniline, and (ii) their crystallization patterns on microslides. A mechanism for the development of fractal patterns and electrical potential oscillations is proposed on the basis of diffusion limited aggregation process.

scholarly journals Moisture-induced autonomous surface potential oscillations for energy harvesting

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Long ◽  
Peisheng He ◽  
Zhichun Shao ◽  
Zhaoyang Li ◽  
Han Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Potential ◽  
Liquid Crystal Display ◽  
Electrical Potential ◽  
Ammonium Hydroxide ◽  
Potential Oscillations ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
In Series ◽  
Chaotic Nature ◽  
The Stability

AbstractA variety of autonomous oscillations in nature such as heartbeats and some biochemical reactions have been widely studied and utilized for applications in the fields of bioscience and engineering. Here, we report a unique phenomenon of moisture-induced electrical potential oscillations on polymers, poly([2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl) ammonium hydroxide-co-acrylic acid), during the diffusion of water molecules. Chemical reactions are modeled by kinetic simulations while system dynamic equations and the stability matrix are analyzed to show the chaotic nature of the system which oscillates with hidden attractors to induce the autonomous surface potential oscillation. Using moisture in the ambient environment as the activation source, this self-excited chemoelectrical reaction could have broad influences and usages in surface-reaction based devices and systems. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, an energy harvester is constructed and achieved the continuous energy production for more than 15,000 seconds with an energy density of 16.8 mJ/cm2. A 2-Volts output voltage has been produced to power a liquid crystal display toward practical applications with five energy harvesters connected in series.

Calcium modulation of exocytosis-linked plasma membrane potential oscillations in INS-1 832/13 cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 471 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akos A. Gerencser ◽  
Hindrik Mulder ◽  
David G. Nicholls
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Oscillation Frequency ◽  
Potential Oscillations ◽  
Plasma Membrane Potential ◽  
K Channels ◽  
Calcium Modulation ◽  
Membrane Potential Oscillations ◽  
Ca2 Channels

Oscillations in plasma membrane potential initiated by substrate-dependent blockade of ATP-sensitive K+ channels in insulin-secreting INS-1 832/13 are differentially linked to distinct voltage-activated Ca2+ channels and drive exocytosis. Ca2+ feeds back to control oscillation frequency, amplitude and prevalence.

A model to predict the oscillation frequency for drops pinned on a vertical planar surface

2021 ◽  
Vol 928 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Sakakeeny ◽  
C. Deshpande ◽  
S. Deb ◽  
J.L. Alvarado ◽  
Y. Ling
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Oscillation Frequency ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Natural Oscillation ◽  
Bond Number ◽  
Equilibrium Contact Angle ◽  
Planar Surface ◽  
Lateral Oscillation ◽  
Resonance Frequencies ◽  
Oscillation Dynamics

Accurate prediction of the natural frequency for the lateral oscillation of a liquid drop pinned on a vertical planar surface is important to many drop applications. The natural oscillation frequency, normalized by the capillary frequency, is mainly a function of the equilibrium contact angle and the Bond number ( $Bo$ ), when the contact lines remain pinned. Parametric numerical and experimental studies have been performed to establish a comprehensive understanding of the oscillation dynamics. An inviscid model has been developed to predict the oscillation frequency for wide ranges of $Bo$ and the contact angle. The model reveals the scaling relation between the normalized frequency and $Bo$ , which is validated by the numerical simulation results. For a given equilibrium contact angle, the lateral oscillation frequency decreases with $Bo$ , implying that resonance frequencies will be magnified if the drop oscillations occur in a reduced gravity environment.

A Would-Be Nervous System Made from a Slime Mold

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Adamatzky
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Information Fusion ◽  
Electrical Potential ◽  
Dendritic Tree ◽  
Slime Mold ◽  
Neural Pathways ◽  
Slime Molds ◽  
Potential Oscillations ◽  
Spatially Extended ◽  
Experimental Laboratory

The slime mold Physarum polycephalum is a huge single cell that has proved to be a fruitful material for designing novel computing architectures. The slime mold is capable of sensing tactile, chemical, and optical stimuli and converting them to characteristic patterns of its electrical potential oscillations. The electrical responses to stimuli may propagate along protoplasmic tubes for distances exceeding tens of centimeters, as impulses in neural pathways do. A slime mold makes decisions about its propagation direction based on information fusion from thousands of spatially extended protoplasmic loci, similarly to a neuron collecting information from its dendritic tree. The analogy is distant yet inspiring. We speculate on whether alternative—would-be—nervous systems can be developed and practically implemented from the slime mold. We uncover analogies between the slime mold and neurons, and demonstrate that the slime mold can play the roles of primitive mechanoreceptors, photoreceptors, and chemoreceptors; we also show how the Physarum neural pathways develop. The results constituted the first step towards experimental laboratory studies of nervous system implementation in slime molds.

scholarly journals Moisture-induced autonomous surface potential oscillations for energy harvesting

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Long ◽  
Peisheng He ◽  
Zhichun Shao ◽  
Han Kim ◽  
Archie Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Liquid Crystal Display ◽  
Electrical Potential ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Potential Oscillations ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
In Series

Abstract A variety of autonomous oscillations in nature such as heartbeats and biochemical reactions have been widely studied and utilized for applications in the fields of bioscience and energy technology, etc. Here, we report a unique phenomenon of moisture-induced electrical potential oscillations on P(MEDSAH-co-AA) polymers during the diffusion of water molecules. Using the moisture in the ambient environment as the activation source, this self-excited chemoelectrical reaction could have broad influences and usages in surface-reaction based devices and systems. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, an energy harvester is constructed to demonstrate the continuous energy production for more than 15000 seconds with an energy density of 16.8 mJ/cm2. A 2-Volts output voltage has been produced to power a liquid crystal display (LCD) with five energy harvesters connected in series toward practical applications.

scholarly journals Saline oscillator as a teaching experiment

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 4310-4310
Author(s):  
Lucas S. del Lama ◽  
Marcelo Mulato
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Copper Sulfate ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Electrical Potential ◽  
Teaching Experiment ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Undergraduate Teaching ◽  
Capillary Diameter ◽  
Potential Oscillations

The saline oscillator consists of two aligned containers that are filled in by a pair of different solutions, exhibiting electrical potential oscillations when released. These oscillations occur due to a difference of mass density presented by the fluids and they cause varying ions flow, leading to electrical potential variations between both reservoirs. Many biological systems can be understood by this model. In this work, the saline oscillator was investigated using copper sulfate, CuSO4, and sodium chloride, NaCl, solutions, changing parameters as the diameter and length of the capillary, diameter of the internal compartment and amount of unwanted ions in the main reservoir (distillated and deionized water). The system is shown to be very useful in undergraduate teaching classes.

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