scholarly journals Social competitiveness associated with rapid fluctuations in sperm quality in male fowl

2007 ◽  
Vol 274 (1611) ◽  
pp. 853-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommaso Pizzari ◽  
Charles K Cornwallis ◽  
David P Froman
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Social Challenge ◽  
The Social ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
The Relationship

When females copulate with multiple males, paternity is determined by the competitive ability of a male to access females and by the ability of its ejaculates to out-compete those of other males over fertilization. The relationship between the social competitiveness of a male and the fertilizing quality of its sperm has therefore crucial implications for the evolution of male reproductive strategies in response to sexual selection. Here, we present a longitudinal experimental study of the relationship between social status and sperm quality. We monitored sperm quality in socially naive male domestic fowl, Gallus gallus domesticus , before and after exposure to a social challenge which comprised two stages. In the first stage, social dominance was established in male pairs divergent in sperm quality, and in the second, social status was experimentally manipulated by re-shuffling males across pairs. We show that sperm quality fluctuates within males both before and after a social challenge. Importantly, such fluctuations followed consistently different patterns in males that displayed different levels of social competitiveness in the social challenge. In particular, following the social challenge, sperm quality dropped in males that won both contests while the sperm quality of males that lost both contests remained constant. Together, these results indicate that males of different social competitiveness are predisposed to specific patterns of fluctuations in sperm quality. These rapid within-male fluctuations may help explain the recent findings of trade-offs between male social and gametic competitive abilities and may help maintain phenotypic variability in these traits.

Effect of new dietary supplement on sperm quality

2012 ◽  
Vol 153 (45) ◽  
pp. 1787-1792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mária Horváth ◽  
Endre Czeizel
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Usa ◽  
New Treatments

Introduction: There is a decline in male fertility thus new treatments are needed. Aims: To test the efficacy of a new dietary supplement developed in the USA and registered as a curing drug in Hungary (OGYI). Methods: In a clinical trial 100 men with low sperm quality (spermium count 5–20 M/ml, good motility 10–40%, and adverse shape 30–50%) were examined. Results: Sperm parameters were measured before and after a 3-month treatment and after another 3-month without treatment. This dietary supplement statistically and clinically significantly improved sperm count and motility. In 74 cases this dietary supplement demonstrated a beneficial effect on sperm quality (more than 10% increase in sperm count, or quality of motility, or shape); in 16 cases the improvement exceeded 30%. No adverse effect could be accounted for this treatment. Conclusions: This new dietary supplement may contribute to the treatment of male infertility. Orv. Hetil., 2012, 153, 1787–1792.

Shall I trust you? From child human-robot interaction to trusting relationships

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cinzia Di Dio ◽  
Federico Manzi ◽  
Giulia Peretti ◽  
Angelo Cangelosi ◽  
Paul L. Harris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Pattern ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Social Relevance ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Cognitive Correlates ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship

Studying trust within human-robot interaction is of great importance given the social relevance of robotic agents in a variety of contexts. We investigated the acquisition, loss and restoration of trust when preschool and school-age children played with either a human or a humanoid robot in-vivo. The relationship between trust and the quality of attachment relationships, Theory of Mind, and executive function skills was also investigated. No differences were found in children’s trust in the play-partner as a function of agency (human or robot). Nevertheless, 3-years-olds showed a trend toward trusting the human more than the robot, while 7-years-olds displayed the reverse behavioral pattern, thus highlighting the developing interplay between affective and cognitive correlates of trust.

APPLICATION OF THE ATP-BIOLUMINESCENCE METHOD TO ASSESS THE QUALITY OF SANITATION OF MILKING EQUIPMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 468-472
Author(s):  
P.A. Popov ◽  
◽  
D.V. Gruznov ◽  
S.V. Tokarev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Atp Bioluminescence ◽  
Microbial Number ◽  
Proportional Relationship ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Number Of Bacteria ◽  
Bioluminescence Method

The article presents the results of determining the relationship between the total microbial number and microbial ATP on the surface of milking equipment before and after treatment with neutral anolyte ANK-SUPER. The possibility of using the ATP-bioluminescence method to control the quality of sanitation of milking equipment on dairy farms is shown. Laboratory studies revealed a proportional relationship between the level of bacterial ATP and the number of bacteria on the surface of milking equipment before and after sanitation.

Influence of social status on growth performance, reproductive success and sperm quality of the African cichlid Aulonocara nyassae

2021 ◽  
Vol 237 ◽  
pp. 105292
Author(s):  
Walisson de Souza Silva ◽  
Lucas Pedro Gonçalves-Júnior ◽  
Marc Roger Jean Marie Henry ◽  
André Lima Ferreira ◽  
Isabela Fernanda Araújo Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
African Cichlid

scholarly journals Parentification and Grandparents’ Support from the Perspective of Grandchildren from Families of Various Structures

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Napora
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Single Mothers ◽  
Satisfaction Scale ◽  
Material Wealth ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Support Scale ◽  
Original Family ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the strength of the relationship between a retrospective evaluation of the experienced social support given by grandparents and the material status of the family with the quality of life of the grown-up grandchildren in families of different structures. The formulated expectations have been verified with the Social Support Scale (SSS), Student’s Life Satisfaction Scale (SLSS) and an individual personal survey. The obtained results show that in families of single mothers, the emotional and informative support offered by grandparents was a significant factor improving the quality of the life of the grandchildren. In a complete family, however, the significant forms of support from grandparents were esteem support and its other forms, except for informative support. Moreover, the material wealth of the original family was shown to be an important predictor of the evaluation of the quality of life of the grandchildren; it was judged more negatively by adolescent children of single mothers.

scholarly journals Inclusion and Integration of the Disabled into the Labor Market Against the Background of the New Regulations in Germany

Equilibrium ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-101
Author(s):  
Lilianna Jodkowska
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Quality Management System ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Social Code ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
New Criteria

The aim of the article is to present new regulations introduced by the Third Book of the Social Code in Germany that concern a reform of the labor market's active instruments gathered under the name "Instumentenreform".  One of the main objectives of the reform is to improve the quality of programs and projects that activate the unemployed, but also to make efforts to include in the labor market groups that have not been activated in such a way so far. One of such groups are the disabled trained and employed in Invalids' Cooperatives.  One of the further, and at the same time new, criteria for all organizations and institutions receiving and applying for funds to realize programs of the labor market and vocational trainings is the introduction and certification of the quality management system. The aim of the paper is to compare the activity of Invalids' Cooperatives in Poland and Germany. This aim will be carried out by analyzing the regulations and as far as possible the data available (the regulations became effective in two stages: in April 2012, and since 01.01.2013 onwards).  The findings of the article have been collected in the form of a description of the situation and forecast for 2013.

scholarly journals Budget performance indicators: theoretical and practical aspects

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-63
Author(s):  
Serhii YUSHKO ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Budget Deficit ◽  
The State ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Budget Management ◽  
Budget Planning ◽  
Absolute Value ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Budget Execution

The article examines the indicators on the basis of which the budget execution in Ukraine is assessed. Budget revenues and expenditures are characterized. The paper demonstrates the features of calculating the budget deficit (surplus) in Ukraine before and after 2004 year, emphasizing that despite the special place of this indicator in the budget planning system, for various reasons for a number of years there was neglect of current regulations legislation and world experience in budget deficit management. It is emphasized the imperfection of the budget deficit indicator due to its inherent shortcomings, concluding that the absolute value of the budget deficit is important in connection with another indicator – budget financing. The components of budget financing are named and characterized. It was found that the most important role in the context of balancing the main budget of the state belongs to debt operations. It is demonstrated the relationship between indicators of budget deficit and financing (their modular values are the same), revenues and expenditures (identical provided the balances at the beginning and end of the reporting period), net borrowing and the amount of public debt (the value of the latter increases / decreases by the amount net borrowing). The examples of specific budget years demonstrate the facts of exceeding the total amount of funding (budget deficit) by net borrowings of the state; the conclusion about the significance of the indicator of net borrowings in assessing the state of public finances is drawn; the need for further search for ways to improve the quality of budget management, thoughtful borrowing planning, the implementation of active budget operations with securities is stressed.

scholarly journals The Gendering of Cancer Survivorship

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Skinner
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Medical Research ◽  
Cancer Survivorship ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Awareness ◽  
Social Production ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship

This article examines the relationship between gender and cancer survivorship. I argue that gender is as critical as a category of analysis for understanding cancer survivorship as it is missing from survivorship studies, particularly as concerns the identificatory basis of survivor culture and clinical studies regarding survivors’ quality of life (QOL). This under-studied question of the gendering of survivorship is critical because the consequences of the social production of disease is far-reaching, from the nature of medical research to social awareness, to funding to the well-being of cancer survivors themselves.

The Social Structuring of Biological Stress in Contact-Era Spanish Florida

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren A. Winkler ◽  
Clark Spencer Larsen ◽  
Victor D. Thompson ◽  
Paul W. Sciulli ◽  
Dale L. Hutchinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Biological Stress ◽  
The Social ◽  
Spanish Florida ◽  
Spatial Dimensions ◽  
Social Structuring ◽  
The Relationship

Winkler and colleagues investigate the relationship between social status and well-being among the Guale from St. Catherines Island in Spanish Florida (A.D. 1607–1680). Specifically, they examine stress through dental caries, linear enamel hypoplasias, tooth size, and long bone length. Their analysis of mortuary data identifies postcontact social status variation on the basis of funerary offerings and proximity to the altar, and they integrate ethnohistorical evidence to enrich their interpretations. While Winkler and colleagues do not find any direct relationship between stress markers and mortuary offerings, there were spatial relationships between involving well-being and proximity (or distance) from the altar. While the study of colonialism in Spanish Florida has a long history, this work at St. Catherines Island represents new directions involving the spatial dimensions of mortuary and skeletal data on an intracemetery level. Winkler and colleagues conclude with discussions about their findings within the context of Spanish colonialism in Spanish Florida and the implications for bioarchaeology of colonialism.

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