scholarly journals Spatially cascading effect of perturbations in experimental meta-ecosystems

2016 ◽  
Vol 283 (1838) ◽  
pp. 20161496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Harvey ◽  
Isabelle Gounand ◽  
Pravin Ganesanandamoorthy ◽  
Florian Altermatt
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Cascading Effect ◽  
Regional Dynamics ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

Ecosystems are linked to neighbouring ecosystems not only by dispersal, but also by the movement of subsidy. Such subsidy couplings between ecosystems have important landscape-scale implications because perturbations in one ecosystem may affect community structure and functioning in neighbouring ecosystems via increased/decreased subsidies. Here, we combine a general theoretical approach based on harvesting theory and a two-patch protist meta-ecosystem experiment to test the effect of regional perturbations on local community dynamics. We first characterized the relationship between the perturbation regime and local population demography on detritus production using a mathematical model. We then experimentally simulated a perturbation gradient affecting connected ecosystems simultaneously, thus altering cross-ecosystem subsidy exchanges. We demonstrate that the perturbation regime can interact with local population dynamics to trigger unexpected temporal variations in subsidy pulses from one ecosystem to another. High perturbation intensity initially led to the highest level of subsidy flows; however, the level of perturbation interacted with population dynamics to generate a crash in subsidy exchange over time. Both theoretical and experimental results show that a perturbation regime interacting with local community dynamics can induce a collapse in population levels for recipient ecosystems. These results call for integrative management of human-altered landscapes that takes into account regional dynamics of both species and resource flows.

TRANSLATION OF SOCIAL CITIZENSHIP TO ARCHITECTURE & BUILT ENVIRONMENT: A METHODOLOGICAL REVIEW

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Noorizhar Ismail ◽  
Abdul Razak Sapian ◽  
Peter Scriver ◽  
Mizanur Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Social Citizenship ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Religious Buildings ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
Local Acceptance ◽  
The Relationship

Social Citizenship is a concept that is used to represent acceptance and identity by the local community. This is a manifestation expressed in the form of space, monument or buildings. Buildings such as mosques and other religious buildings are a form of manifestation to such expression left for other generations to see and study. This manifestation of citizenship through religious buildings can be an expression of struggle, establishment, sense of belonging and local acceptance towards achieving social citizenship. The understanding of this concept implicitly shows that these elements are the driving forces behind the architecture that is erected in order to find approval from the local population. This paper reviews the employed research designs, methods and procedures in the process of understanding the translation of social citizenship to architecture expressed by mosques. The methods adopted were aimed toward obtaining archival/historical evidence that can elicit proof of the concept. The methods also involved the process of inquiry that would be the basis for discussion and to draw a conclusion to the relationship between social citizenship and architecture. This paper also highlights the strengths and limitations of the methodological techniques besides spelling out the variables needed to prove the relationship.

scholarly journals Dampak adanya Kampung Warna–Warni Malang bagi perubahan sosial dan dinamika masyarakat setempat

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-424
Author(s):  
B. F. Sanah ◽  
I. W. Nafisah ◽  
Alan Sigit Fibrianto
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Change Process ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Community Knowledge ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
The Village ◽  
Over Time

Social change becomes a necessity in people's life. Social change also has an impact on the dynamics of society. The existence of Colorful Village in Malang City also has an impact on social change and community dynamics. This study used a descriptive qualitative method. The data techniques used were interviews and observation. The research location was conducted in Jodipan Colorful Village, Malang City, East Java, Indonesia. The research informants selected were 7 informants from the traders who were the original inhabitants of the village. The results showed that the existence of Jodipan Colorful Village had a significant impact on the lives of the local community. The existing social change process is social change and desired social change. Where the community can feel the positive impact of the Jodipan Colorful Village. Over time, the existence of the village also has an influence on community dynamics, such as the use of technology and the development of community knowledge. Perubahan sosial menjadi sebuah keniscayaan dalam kehidupan masyarakat. Perubahan sosial turut memberikan dampak bagi dinamika masyarakat. Keberadaan Kampung Warna-Warni di Kota Malang turut memberikan dampak bagi perubahan sosial serta dinamika masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik data yang digunakan adalah wawancara dan observasi. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di Kampung Warna-Warni Jodipan Kota Malang, Jawa Timur, Indonesia. Informan penelitian yang dipilih sebanyak 7 informan dari para pedagang yang merupakan penduduk asli kampung tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan Kampung Warna-Warni Jodipan memberikan dampak yang signifikan bagi kehidupan masyarakat setempat. Proses perubahan sosial yang ada yaitu perubahan sosial dan perubahan sosial yang dikehendaki. Dimana masyarakat dapat merasakan dampak positif dari adanya Kampung Warna-Warni Jodipan. Seiring berjalannya waktu, keberadaan kampung tersebut juga memberikan pengaruh pada dinamika masyarakat, seperti pada penggunaan teknologi dan perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan masyarakat.

scholarly journals Temporal Variations of Soil Organic Carbon and pH at Landscape Scale and the Implications for Cropping Intensity in Rice-Based Cropping Systems

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Md. Noor E. Alam Siddique ◽  
Lisa Lobry de Bruyn ◽  
Chris N. Guppy ◽  
Yui Osanai
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Cropping Intensity ◽  
Land Type ◽  
Land Types ◽  
Over Time

Landscape scale assessment of temporal variations in soil organic carbon (SOC) contents and soil pH and the implications for long-term agricultural sustainability was determined using legacy datasets collected over two periods separated by 20 years: the 1990s and 2010s. Soil data on SOC and pH were categorized according to the prevailing land types (based on inundation as highland (HL), medium highland (MHL), and medium lowland (MLL)), and physiographic types (i.e., Himalayan Piedmont plain, Tista Floodplain and Barind tract/Terrace) to determine which variable or combination of variables was more influential in spatial and temporal changes of these properties. SOC contents in the physiographic types were generally found to be low, varying between 8 to 12 g/kg. While, SOC contents were significantly higher in MHL and MLL compared with HL that experienced less inundation. The change in SOC contents over 20 years was significant with a 14.5% increase of SOC. There was a greater influence of land type compared with physiography on SOC contents over time. Inundation land types and associated cropping intensity were considered likely to influence SOC of soils under rice-based cropping systems. Furthermore, the levels of soil pH decreased by 0.5 units over 20 years with an approximately 50% increase in soils within a pH category of 4.6–5.5. The majority of soil pH results shift from slightly acidic to strongly acidic in the intervening 20-year period between samplings. Soil acidification is potentially a combination of inefficient and excess use of ammonium-based fertilizers with higher application rates and low input from residues. We conclude that acidification may continue with more intensive land use. However, trends in SOC contents over time under certain combinations of physiography and land type either increased slightly or showed a significant loss and in the latter, specifically, the role of land management is not clear. The legacy datasets would be useful for monitoring spatial and temporal soil quality trends at a regional scale, but has limited capacity to capture field level variations in soil properties as data on smallholder cropping practice and management were not collected. Therefore, future research examining the role of management in SOC and pH dynamics at the field-scale would guide the use of fertilizers, crop residue management, and amelioration of acidic soil, to improve the sustainability of rice-based cropping systems in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals TRANSLATION OF SOCIAL CITIZENSHIP TO ARCHITECTURE & BUILT ENVIRONMENT: A METHODOLOGICAL REVIEW

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Noorizhar Ismail ◽  
Abdul Razak Sapian ◽  
Peter Scriver ◽  
Mizanur Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Social Citizenship ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Religious Buildings ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
Local Acceptance ◽  
The Relationship

Social Citizenship is a concept that is used to represent acceptance and identity by the local community. This is a manifestation expressed in the form of space, monument or buildings. Buildings such as mosques and other religious buildings are a form of manifestation to such expression left for other generations to see and study. This manifestation of citizenship through religious buildings can be an expression of struggle, establishment, sense of belonging and local acceptance towards achieving social citizenship. The understanding of this concept implicitly shows that these elements are the driving forces behind the architecture that is erected in order to find approval from the local population. This paper reviews the employed research designs, methods and procedures in the process of understanding the translation of social citizenship to architecture expressed by mosques. The methods adopted were aimed toward obtaining archival/historical evidence that can elicit proof of the concept. The methods also involved the process of inquiry that would be the basis for discussion and to draw a conclusion to the relationship between social citizenship and architecture. This paper also highlights the strengths and limitations of the methodological techniques besides spelling out the variables needed to prove the relationship.

scholarly journals ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION AND AWARENESS TO PROTECT EGYPTIAN TORTOISE (TESTUDO KLEINMANNI) BY LOCAL COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-22
Author(s):  
Murad Buijlayyil ◽  
Aşkın Kiraz
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Education ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Environmental Awareness ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Monthly Income ◽  
Good Opportunity ◽  
The People ◽  
Education And Awareness ◽  
The Relationship

This research has examined the effectiveness of education and environmental awareness of the local population in protecting Egyptian tortoises. The study aimed to obtain information about the relationship between the level of education, monthly income and its relationship to tortoise protection and the prevention of smuggling and illegal trade. The results were obtained through the preparation of a questionnaire that included 40 people from the local population. They were surveyed using the SPSS26 program. According to the results obtained by the research, significant differences were found in the environmental attitudes of the local population who did not have a chance to have a good education and their monthly income was very low. It could be said that the people who got a good opportunity for education and their economic situation is stable, this has a positive impact on their environmental behaviour. Keywords: environmental education, environmental awareness, Egyptian tortoise

Investment Traits and Intelligence in Adulthood

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie von Stumm
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Need For Cognition ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
Intelligence Tests ◽  
Crystallized Intelligence ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

Intelligence-as-knowledge in adulthood is influenced by individual differences in intelligence-as-process (i.e., fluid intelligence) and in personality traits that determine when, where, and how people invest their intelligence over time. Here, the relationship between two investment traits (i.e., Openness to Experience and Need for Cognition), intelligence-as-process and intelligence-as-knowledge, as assessed by a battery of crystallized intelligence tests and a new knowledge measure, was examined. The results showed that (1) both investment traits were positively associated with intelligence-as-knowledge; (2) this effect was stronger for Openness to Experience than for Need for Cognition; and (3) associations between investment and intelligence-as-knowledge reduced when adjusting for intelligence-as-process but remained mostly significant.

Power Values and Power Distance Moderate the Relationship Between Workplace Supervisory Power and Job Satisfaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-141
Author(s):  
Kenneth D. Locke
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Multilevel Modeling ◽  
Power Distance ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Workplace Power ◽  
Over Time

Abstract. Person–job (or needs–supplies) discrepancy/fit theories posit that job satisfaction depends on work supplying what employees want and thus expect associations between having supervisory power and job satisfaction to be more positive in individuals who value power and in societies that endorse power values and power distance (e.g., respecting/obeying superiors). Using multilevel modeling on 30,683 European Social Survey respondents from 31 countries revealed that overseeing supervisees was positively associated with job satisfaction, and as hypothesized, this association was stronger among individuals with stronger power values and in nations with greater levels of power values or power distance. The results suggest that workplace power can have a meaningful impact on job satisfaction, especially over time in individuals or societies that esteem power.

Emotional Impact Feedback Changes How We Remember Negative Autobiographical Experiences

2010 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 354-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie K. T. Takarangi ◽  
Deryn Strange
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
The Other ◽  
Personal Perspective ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Potential Mechanism ◽  
Negative Experiences ◽  
Negative Memory ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Negative Memories ◽  
Over Time

When people are told that their negative memories are worse than other people’s, do they later remember those events differently? We asked participants to recall a recent negative memory then, 24 h later, we gave some participants feedback about the emotional impact of their event – stating it was more or less negative compared to other people’s experiences. One week later, participants recalled the event again. We predicted that if feedback affected how participants remembered their negative experiences, their ratings of the memory’s characteristics should change over time. That is, when participants are told that their negative event is extremely negative, their memories should be more vivid, recollected strongly, and remembered from a personal perspective, compared to participants in the other conditions. Our results provide support for this hypothesis. We suggest that external feedback might be a potential mechanism in the relationship between negative memories and psychological well-being.

Tourism awareness as a tourism development strategy: status of the issue

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
M.I. Rosas-Jaco ◽  
S.X. Almeraya-Quintero ◽  
L.G. Guajardo-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Host Community ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Training Manual ◽  
Environmental Development ◽  
Main Engine ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: Tourism has become the main engine of economic, social and environmental development in several countries, so promoting tourism awareness among tourists and the local population should be a priority. The present study aims to suggest a status of the research carried out on the topic of tourism awareness. Design / methodology / approach: The type of analysis is through a retrospective and exploratory bibliometric study. The analysis materials were scientific articles and a training manual published between 2000 and 2020, registered by Scopus, Emerald insight and Dialnet, using “tourism awareness” as the keyword. Results: When considering the three senses in which tourism awareness ought to operate, it is concluded that studies are more focused on the relationship and contact of the host community with the tourist. It is observed that four out of six articles in this sense consider that education, training, and government policies around tourism awareness should be developed in a better way in the destinations, in order to be an element that contributes to the development of communities and reduces poverty in developing countries. Study limitations / implications: It is considered a limitation not to include thesis dissertations. Findings / conclusions: It is necessary to make visible the importance of tourism awareness as a local development strategy for communities, in addition to including tourism awareness on the part of tourists.

Rethinking social remittances and the migration-development nexus from the perspective of time

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peggy Levitt ◽  
Deepak Lamba-Nieves
Keyword(s):  
Social Influence ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Social Remittances ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Migration And Development ◽  
Over Time

This article explores how the conceptualization, management, and measurement of time affect the migration-development nexus. We focus on how social remittances transform the meaning and worth of time, thereby changing how these ideas and practices are accepted and valued and recalibrating the relationship between migration and development. Our data reveal the need to pay closer attention to how migration’s impacts shift over time in response to its changing significance, rhythms, and horizons. How does migrants’ social influence affect and change the needs, values, and mind-frames of non-migrants? How do the ways in which social remittances are constructed, perceived, and accepted change over time for their senders and receivers?

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