scholarly journals Observations on the physiology of the nerves of sensation, il­lustrated by a case of paralysis of the fifth pair

1837 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 205-206
Keyword(s):  
Sphenoid Bone ◽  
Double Vision ◽  
Left Nostril ◽  
Inner Surface ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Voluntary Motion ◽  
The Senses ◽  
The Brain

The influence of the fifth pair of nerves on the functions of sight, smell, and taste, is a subject which has lately occupied the attention of physiologists. Many experiments have been made on living ani­mals with a view to its elucidation; but these experiments have never led to any satisfactory conclusion. Considerable light has been thrown upon this obscure question by the phenomena attending a case of pa­ralysis of the fifth pair of nerves, which occurred in the author’s practice, and of which he gives the history in detail, after quoting the ac­count given by Magendie of his experiments and speculations respect­ing the functions of these nerves. The lady who was the subject of these observations had been af­fected with total insensibility of the left side of the face and head, to­gether with strabismus, accompanied with double vision; but the powers of voluntary motion of all these parts remained entire. The globe of the left eye was quite insensible to touch, though it retained the power of vision unimpaired, excepting that for sometime previous to death it had lost the faculty of distinguishing colours. The left nostril received no impressions from the most irritating stimulants, such as snuff or ammonia; yet the sense of smelling continued un­impaired. The left side of the tongue was quite insensible to im­pressions both of touch and of taste. On examining the brain after death, a scirrhous tumour was found lying on the inner surface of the sphenoid bone, extending laterally to the foramen auditorium internum, and resting posteriorly on the pons Varolii, which was slightly ulcerated. The tumour had completely obliterated the foramina for the exit of the three branches of the fifth pair of nerves. This case proves, therefore, that, contrary to the opinion of Magendie, the senses of smell and vision can be exercised independently of the fifth pair of nerves; and that the sense of taste is altogether derived from that nerve; and corroborates the views of Sir Charles Bell on this part of physiology.

XLII.—The Sectional Anatomy of the Head of the Australian Aboriginal: A Contribution to the Subject of Racial Anatomy

1912 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 604-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. A. Berry
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Comparative Anatomy ◽  
Australian Aboriginal ◽  
Sectional Anatomy ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Brain

So far back as 1867, Flower and Murie (1), in giving an account of the dissection of a Bush woman, stated that “observations upon the comparative anatomy of the different races of Man have hitherto been confined too exclusively to the external characters and to the skeleton. With very few exceptions the arrangement of the muscles, vessels, viscera, and even of the brain and nervous system, constitute at present an unexplored field; and numerous well-marked races of our species are passing away from the face of the earth without the slightest record being left on any one of these points. And yet in discussing questions, daily becoming of greater interest, relating to the unity or plurality of Mankind, and the amount of divergence of races, data such as these afford, whether their testimony be negative or positive, whether they tend to show absence or presence of variation from a given standard, cannot be neglected by the conscientious inquirer.”

scholarly journals Dissonance of Selected Neuroscience Techniques at Detection of Emotions in Advertising Spots

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 969-977
Author(s):  
Katarína Neomániová ◽  
Jakub Berčík ◽  
Elena Horská
Keyword(s):  
Brain Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Emotional Involvement ◽  
Emotional Appeals ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Somatic Nervous System ◽  
Interdisciplinary Study ◽  
The Brain

In addition to advanced brain imaging techniques and growing interest in the study of consumer reactions with influence of marketing stimuli a new interdisciplinary study has developed on a borderland of neuroscience, economic and psychological studies – neuromarketing. Despite a certain form of insecurity whether the brain imaging technologies provide useful information for control of marketing, more and more marketers identify with their application in conventional market research. The main aim of this contribution is to clarify the influence of a selected advertising spot on the final emotional state of consumers by researching a brain activity of respondents and activity of somatic nervous system, specifically the face expressions. Cortical brain activity was detected by 16channel wireless electroencephalograph by Epoc and changes of mimic muscles were monitored by a biometric device the Facereader by Noldus. The subject of the research is the dissonance of the selected neuroscience techniques with influence of chosen advertising emotional appeals like fear, disgust and sadness. In the end of our contribution, the way of using the neuroscience technology and psychology for detection of consumer emotional involvement of consumers is explained.

Prosopo-Thoracopagus Conjoined Twins and Other Cephalopagus-Thoracopagus Intermediates: Case Report and Review of the Literature

1998 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rowena Spencer ◽  
William H. Robichaux
Keyword(s):  
Conjoined Twins ◽  
Cervical Region ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Face ◽  
Single Complex ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Aortic Arches ◽  
The Brain ◽  
The Continuum

Prosopo-thoracopagus twins are united from the face down to the umbilicus, none with union in the brain but all with visceral anomalies intermediate between those of cephalopagus and thoracopagus. In a review of over 1200 cases of conjoined twins reported during the past 100 years, there were 14 that illustrate the continuum between cephalopagus and thoracopagus, including three that were united only from the cervical region to the umbilicus. Classic cephalopagus twins are joined from the top of the head to the umbilicus, sharing a single foregut as well as two relatively normal hearts, the “posterior” one often diminished. Typical thoracopagus, however, are conjoined only from the upper thorax to the umbilicus, each twin with a normal foregut but both sharing a single complex multiventricular heart. The intermediate cases shared either a single very abnormal heart or two hearts united by double aortic arches, and all except one had a single foregut. It is these cases intermediate between cephalopagus and thoracopagus which are the subject of this report.

2. Certain Phenomena applied in Solution of Difficulties connected with the Theory of Vision

1872 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 355-361
Author(s):  
R. S. Wyld
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Study ◽  
Complete Theory ◽  
Double Vision ◽  
Optic Nerves ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Brain

The theory of vision has been the subject of much more scientific study than that of any of our other senses, but notwithstanding this, the subject is still encumbered with some difficulties and contradictions, the solution of which is essential to our having a true and complete theory. Such are the questions,—first,—regarding single and double vision, as depending on the excitement of corresponding, or, as they are generally called, identical points of the retinæ; second,—the question whether perception is in the retinæ or in the brain; and lastly, the question regarding the decussation and ultimate course of the fibres of the optic nerves.

scholarly journals Account of a monstrous lamb .In a letter from Mr. Anthony Carlisle to the Right Honourable Sir Joseph Banks, Bart. K. B. P. R. S

1832 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 41-41
Keyword(s):  
Front Part ◽  
Natural Form ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Senses ◽  
The Right ◽  
Growth Of Animals ◽  
The Brain

The head of this animal, or rather fœtus, for it was not bom alive, was disproportionately small, and had no resemblance to the natural form except in the external ears, which were contiguous, and placed on the front part of the head. Between them was an opening, which proved to be the common passage to both the œsophagus and the trachea. All the organs which are usually found on the face were here wanting; there being neither eyes, nose, nor any of the apparatus belonging to the mouth: the cranium was formed into a hard bone, bearing a near resemblance to the head of a tortoise, and about the size of a plover’s egg. On dissecting this singular production, it was found that the whole cerebrum and all its nerves were wanting. It is hence inferred that the formation and growth of animals in the uterus are independent of any influence from those parts of the brain which properly belong to sensation. The author regrets that this animal did not live to show the phenomena of volition directed to its limbs and other parts, without that intelligence from the organs of the senses which regulate the actions of perfect animals. A careful observance of such circumstances, he thinks, might lead to discoveries of the greatest importance in that part of physiology which is still enveloped in much obscurity.

About the Brain, the Face, and Emotion

1984 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 567-568
Author(s):  
Gilles Kirouac
Keyword(s):  
The Face ◽  
The Brain

Emmanuel Levinas: Um estudo sobre a ética da alteridade

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abimael Francisco do Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Emmanuel Levinas ◽  
Transcendental Philosophy ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Thought ◽  
Philosophical Criticism ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Theoretical Foundations ◽  
First Philosophy

The general objective of this study is to analyze the postulate of the ethics of otherness as the first philosophy, presented by Emmanuel Levinas. It is a proposal that runs through Levinas' thinking from his theoretical foundations, to his philosophical criticism. Levinas' thought presents itself as a new thought, as a critique of ontology and transcendental philosophy. For him, the concern with knowledge and with being made the other to be forgotten, placing the other in totality. Levinas proposes the ethics of otherness as sensitivity to the other. The subject says here I am, making myself responsible for the other in an infinite way, in a transcendence without return to myself, becoming hostage to the other, as an irrefutable responsibility. The idea of the infinite, present in the face of the other, points to a responsibility whoever more assumes himself, the more one is responsible, until the substitution by other.

The Changing Perception of the Five Senses

2020 ◽  
pp. 103-122
Author(s):  
Sara Benninga
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Scientific Instruments ◽  
Peter Paul Rubens ◽  
Courtly Culture ◽  
Southern Netherlands ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Five Senses ◽  
The Senses

This article examines the changing approach towards the representation of the senses in 17th-century Flemish painting. These changes are related to the cultural politics and courtly culture of the Spanish sovereigns of the Southern Netherlands, the Archdukes Albert and Isabella. The 1617–18 painting-series of the Five Senses by Jan Brueghel the Elder and Peter Paul Rubens as well as the pendant paintings on the subject are analyzed in relation to the iconography of the five senses, and in regard to Flemish genre themes. In this context, the excess of objects, paintings, scientific instruments, animals, and plants in the Five Senses are read as an expansion of the iconography of the senses as well as a reference to the courtly material culture of the Archdukes. Framing the senses as part of a cultural web of artifacts, Brueghel and Rubens refer both to elite lived experience and traditional iconography. The article examines the continuity between the iconography of the senses from 1600 onwards, as developed by Georg Pencz, Frans Floris, and Maerten de Vos, and the representation of the senses in the series. In addition, the article shows how certain elements in the paintings are influenced by genre paintings of the courtly company and collector’s cabinet, by Frans Francken, Lucas van Valckenborch and Louis de Caullery. Through the synthesis of these two traditions the subject of the five senses is reinvented in a courtly context

scholarly journals Time to Be SHY? Some Comments on Sleep and Synaptic Homeostasis

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulio Tononi ◽  
Chiara Cirelli
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Strength ◽  
Universal Function ◽  
Systematic Bias ◽  
Synaptic Homeostasis ◽  
The Face ◽  
Essential Function ◽  
Function Of Sleep ◽  
The Brain

Sleep must serve an essential, universal function, one that offsets the risk of being disconnected from the environment. The synaptic homeostasis hypothesis (SHY) is an attempt to identify this essential function. Its core claim is that sleep is needed to reestablish synaptic homeostasis, which is challenged by the remarkable plasticity of the brain. In other words, sleep is “the price we pay for plasticity.” In this issue, M. G. Frank reviewed several aspects of the hypothesis and raised several issues. The comments below provide a brief summary of the motivations underlying SHY and clarify that SHY is a hypothesis not about specific mechanisms, but about a universal, essential function of sleep. This function is the preservation of synaptic homeostasis in the face of a systematic bias toward a net increase in synaptic strength—a challenge that is posed by learning during adult wake, and by massive synaptogenesis during development.

scholarly journals Aprosopia/holoprosencephaly in a stillborn puppy: when the face predicts the brain

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
Clairton Marcolongo Pereira ◽  
Tayná B. Silva ◽  
Laiz Zaché Roque ◽  
Bárbara Barros ◽  
Luiz Alexandre Moscon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Face ◽  
The Brain
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document