scholarly journals III. On the tidal currents on the west coast of Scotland

1867 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 42-46 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
Great Part ◽  
Tidal Currents ◽  
The Other ◽  
English Channel ◽  
The West ◽  
Slack Water ◽  
Tidal Stream ◽  
The Times ◽  
Different Parts

The tidal currents on that part of the west coast of Scotland which is comprised between the Mull of Cantyre and the Island of Mull run in general with great velocity. Their velocity, direction, and the time of their change, or of slack water, are therefore matters of great importance to navigators. On the other hand, the rise and fall of the tide is so small, and the depth of water in the channels and the harbours so considerable, that the times of high and low water are of comparatively small import­ance. While the laws of the currents are thus of more importance than the laws of the rise and fall of the tide, they are also much more simple. The times of high and low water are very different at different parts of the oast, while the times of slack water are nearly the same throughout the whole region in question. In a great part of this region the current, which sets for six hours in one direction, has no distinct title to be considered either a flood tide or an ebb tide. The consequence is, that to describe the laws of the currents by reference to the time of high and low water, introduces great and unnecessary complexity. The application to the currents of the method first applied by Admiral Beechey to the tidal stream of the English Channel and German Ocean (Phil. Trans. 1851, p. 703) introduces at once order and simplicity, and makes that intelligible which before was only a confused maze.

Report of experiments made on the tides in the Irish Sea; on the similarity of the tidal phenomena of the Irish and English Chan­nels; and on the importance of extending the experiments round the land’s-end and up the English Channel. Embodied in a letter to the hydrographer, by Captain F. W. Beechey, R. N., F. R. S.. Communicated by G. B. Airy, Esq., F. R. S., Astronomer Royal

1851 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 743-746
Keyword(s):  
High Water ◽  
The Other ◽  
Irish Sea ◽  
English Channel ◽  
The North ◽  
The Irish Sea ◽  
The Times ◽  
North And South ◽  
Different Parts

The author commences by stating, that the set of the tides in the Irish Sea had always been misunderstood, owing to the disposition to associate the turn of the stream with the rise and fall of the water on the shore. This misapprehension, in a channel varying so much in its times of high water, could not fail to produce much mischief; and to this cause may be ascribed, in all probability, a large proportion of the wrecks in Caernarvon Bay. The present inquiry has dispelled these errors, and has furnished science with some new and interesting facts. It has shown that, notwithstanding the variety of times of high water, the turn of the stream throughout the north and south Channels occurs at the same hour, and that this time happens to coincide with the times of high and low water at Moricombe Bay, a place remarkable as being the spot where the streams coming round the opposite extremities of Ireland finally unite. These experiments, taken in connexion with those of the Ordnance made at the suggestion of Professor Airy, show that there are two spots in the Irish Sea, in one of which the stream runs with considerable rapidity, without there being any rise or fall of the water, and in the other the water rises and falls without having any perceptible stream; that the same stream makes high and low water in different parts of the channel at the same time; and that during certain portions of the tide, the stream, opposing the wave, runs up an ascent of one foot in three miles, with a velocity of three miles an hour.

scholarly journals Past as the Other – The Other as Past

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-268
Author(s):  
Staša Babić
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Academic Disciplines ◽  
The West ◽  
The Past ◽  
Colonial Expansion ◽  
The Times ◽  
Modern Identity ◽  
Material Evidence ◽  
Written Sources

Modern academic disciplines of anthropology, history and archaeology are founded in the cultural, social, political context of the 18th and 19th centuries, at the times of the colonial expansion of the West European countries. Although demarcated by the objects of their study ("primitive societies", the past according to written sources, or material evidence), all these disciplines are grounded in the need to distinguish and strengthen the modern identity of the Europeans as opposed to the Others in space and time.

RECORDS OF SOME SPECIES OF POLYCHAETA NEW TO BRITISH COLUMBIA AND OF EXTENSIONS IN DISTRIBUTION OF SOME OTHERS

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 839-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Berkeley
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
North America ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
The Other ◽  
The West ◽  
New Subspecies ◽  
Northeast Pacific ◽  
Considerable Depth ◽  
Geographical Locations

Twenty-five species of Polychaeta recently collected off the coast of British Columbia are discussed. Most were taken in waters of considerable depth off the west coast of Vancouver Island. Sixteen are new to British Columbia. Most of these are known from farther south on the west coast of North America, but some from much shallower depths than those from which they are now recorded; two of them are new to the northeast Pacific; one is a new subspecies. The other nine have been previously known from British Columbia, but they are now recorded from much greater depths than hitherto, or in new geographical locations.

Jasus lalandii 'walkouts' or mass strandings in South Africa during the 1990s: an overview

2001 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
pp. 1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew C. Cockcroft
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
West Coast ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fishing Industry ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Rock Lobster ◽  
The West ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Oxygen Conditions ◽  
Mass Mortalities

Faunal mass mortalities are a sporadic, but not uncommon, feature of the West and South coasts of South Africa. Five mass mortalities of West Coast rock lobsterJasus lalandii, including three of the most severe ever recorded in South Africa, occurred in the 1990s and resulted in the stranding of about 2263 tonnes of lobster. The bulk (97%) of the loss occurred in the last three years of the decade. The five events occurred within an 80 km stretch of coastline that straddled two fishing zones and resulted from hypoxic conditions associated with highbiomass dinoflagellate blooms. In each case, the quantity of lobsters stranded was directly related to the extent or duration of low-oxygen conditions. Small females constituted the bulk of the lobster stranded in most events. The lobster fisheries in the affected fishing zones suffered severe impacts. Recovery in one zone appears to be extremely slow, whereas the other zone is more resilient. Not only would a continuation of the trend of increasing frequency and severity of lobster strandings devastate the rock-lobster fishing industry and the employment prospects of small fishing communities, but it could also seriously affect the ecology of the region.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Modulation of the Tidal Stream Resource by Ocean Currents through a Complex Tidal Channel

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice J. Goward Brown ◽  
Matt Lewis ◽  
Benjamin I. Barton ◽  
Gus Jeans ◽  
Steven A. Spall
Keyword(s):  
Tidal Energy ◽  
Resource Assessment ◽  
Tidal Currents ◽  
The West ◽  
Ocean Modelling ◽  
Through Flow ◽  
The World ◽  
Tidal Stream ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Resource Uncertainty

Tidal energy has the opportunity to bring reliable electricity to remote regions in the world. A resource assessment, including the response of the tidal stream resource to fluctuations in the Indonesian Through Flow (ITF) is performed using the Regional Ocean Modelling System (ROMS) to simulate four different scenarios for flow through the Lombok Strait in Indonesia. Tidal currents simulated with a variable ITF are compared against a tide-only (TO) simulation to identify how the ITF spatially changes the resource across the Lombok Strait. We find that the uncertainty in the tidal currents from the TO simulation is 50% greater than the variable ITF simulation. To identify change to resource, surface velocities from Strong ITF and Weak ITF scenarios are considered. As a result of the fluctuations in the ITF, certain characteristics, such as the asymmetry and magnitude, of the tidal current vary greatly. However, the magnitude of change is variable, with regions to the west of the strait experiencing greater modulation than in the east, suggesting that resource uncertainty can be minimised with selective site positioning.

XXII.—Studies on the Scottish Marine Fauna. Additional Observations on the Fauna of the Sandy and Muddy Areas of the Tidal Zone

1930 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 521-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Stephen
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
The West ◽  
Tidal Zone ◽  
Marine Fauna ◽  
Quantitative Distribution ◽  
Mud Flat ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Fair Degree

In a previous paper (4) the quantitative distribution of the molluscs and polychætes in certain intertidal muds and sands on the Scottish Coast was discussed, but there still remained several other types of shore such as (a) a river mud-flat, (b) grounds at the heads of sea lochs on the West Coast, and (c) the more exposed shores of the Western Islands, where conditions might possibly differ greatly from those already considered, with corresponding changes in the fauna. Since the publication of the first paper quantitative samples have been collected in each of these areas. Taking the survey as a whole, collections have now been made on such widely different parts of the coast that the peculiarities of the distribution of the above two groups can be stated with a fair degree of accuracy. The present paper is divided into two sections, the first dealing with the additional observations, the second with the survey as a whole.

Pressure Changes And “Tornadoes” (Squalls) On the West Coast Of Africa*

1943 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 311-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Regula
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
The Other ◽  
The West ◽  
Minimum Pressure ◽  
First Case ◽  
Pressure Changes ◽  
Pressure Fall

SYNOPSIS Forecasting the weather on the west coast of Africa is made difficult by the inaccurate pressure reports of ships at sea and of land stations whose elevation are not definitely known. However, from reliable reports of coastal stations a relation between pressure changes and wind variations is demonstrated, (see fig. 2–4). In each example a 24–48 hour pressure fall with onshore winds all along the coast was followed by a 24–48 hour pressure rise with off-shore winds. Two examples of pressure variations on a ship's barogram when a “tornado” occurred are given in fig. 5–6. Each diagram shows a falling pressure tendency followed by a rising tendency, with the “tornado” at the minimum pressure in the first case and 10 hours after the minimum in the second case. Evidently whenever these tendencies are observed together thunderstorms should be forecasted. This is born out for the statistics July to October 1934 which show 15 thunderstorms on the 22 days when the pressure was rapidly rising, and only 10 thunderstorms for the other 61 days!

scholarly journals II. Contributions to terrestrial magnetism.―No. II

1841 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 11-35 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
West Coast ◽  
The West ◽  
Terrestrial Magnetism ◽  
Complete Series ◽  
The Times

The observations, an account of which is now presented to the Society, were made by Captain Edward Belcher, R. N. and the officers of H. M. S. Sulphur, employed in the years 1837 to 1840 in surveying portions of the west coast of North America. The account has been drawn up from the official reports transmitted to the Admiralty, and placed in my hands by the Hydrographer, Captain Beaufort. The services which Captain Belcher and his officers may be expected to render to magnetical science are not terminated, as the Sulphur has not yet returned to England: but the portion now communicated forms a complete series, comprising the results of their labours up to the period of their final departure from the coast of America. The zeal, perseverance, and care with which these have been conducted will be best appreciated by an examination of the details. Horizontal Intensity .—Captain Belcher joined the Sulphur at Panama in the spring of 1837, receiving from his predecessor, Captain Beechey, a six-inch inclination instrument by Robinson, and several needles for experiments on the horizontal intensity by the method of vibration. He had taken with him from England a nine-inch altitude and azimuth instrument with attached needles, and a five-inch theodolite, both by Cary, which he had employed in former surveys in determining declinations, and had had reason to confide in. Before his departure from Panama on a surveying cruize, which might furnish opportunities of magnetic observation at several stations on the west coast of America between Behring Strait and Peru, the times of vibra­tion of the horizontal needles, eleven in number, were carefully observed, in March 1837, at a convenient spot near the ruins of the Convent of St. Francisco; and these observations were repeated at the same spot on the return of the Sulphur to Panama in October 1838, after an absence of eighteen months. By comparing the times of vibration in March 1837 and October 1838, as given in the subjoined Table, it will be seen that the magnetism of several of the needles had greatly altered in the interim:

NOTES ON SOME FLORIDA COLEOPTERA WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES

1928 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 60-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. S. Blatchley
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
West Coast ◽  
The Other ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
The West ◽  
Southern Florida

My last general paper on Florida Coleoptera was prepared in the autumn of 1924, and appeared in the Canadian Entomologist for July, 1925. Since that was written my time has been largely devoted to the final preparation and publication of the “Heteroptera of Eastern North America.” During the three years which have elapsed I have spent the winters at Dunedin on the west coast of Florida, but have made three additional collecting trips, of three or four weeks each, to Royal Palm Park. One of these was in December, the other two in March and April. This park comprises an area of 4,000 acres lying in extreme southern Florida, about 40 miles northeast of Cape Sable.

Population dispersal in the brittle-star Ophiocomina nigra (Abildgaard) (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea)

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Wilson ◽  
N. A. Holme ◽  
R. L. Barrett
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
Personal Communication ◽  
Irish Sea ◽  
English Channel ◽  
The West ◽  
The North ◽  
Sea Bed ◽  
Cook Strait ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The Irish Sea

A number of species of ophiuroid are known to occur in dense clusters on the sea-bed. Aggregations of Ophiothrix fragilis (Abildgaard) have been recorded from the English Channel by Allen (1899), Vevers (1951, 1952), Barnes (1955), Ancellin (1957), Cabioch (1961, 1967, 1968), Holme (1966), Warner (1969, 1971), and by Allain (1974). Beds of the same species have been found in the Irish Sea by Jones (1951) and by Brun (1969), on the west coast of Ireland by Könnecker & Keegan (1973) and Keegan (1974), and on the west coast of Scotland, where it is widespread in sea lochs and elsewhere around the coast (McIntyre, 1956, and personal communication, 1975). Records of Ophiothrix fragilis from the North Sea have been summarized by Ursin (1960). In the Mediterranean, aggregations of Ophiothrix quinquemaculata (D.Ch.) have been described by Guille (1964, 1965) from off the south coast of France, and by Czihak (1959) from the Adriatic. Hurley (1959) gives underwater photographs of Ophiocomina bollonsi Farquhar from the Cook Strait, New Zealand. Further examples of aggregation in ophiuroids and other echinoderms are cited by Reese (1966), Mileykovskiy (1967) and by Warner (1978).

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