scholarly journals Fusing electrical and elasticity imaging

2021 ◽  
Vol 379 (2200) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Hauptmann ◽  
Danny Smyl
Keyword(s):  
Structural Engineering ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Auxiliary Information ◽  
Elasticity Imaging ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Joint Reconstruction ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Tomographic Image Reconstruction ◽  
Ill Posed ◽  
Non Destructive

Electrical and elasticity imaging are promising modalities for a suite of different applications, including medical tomography, non-destructive testing and structural health monitoring. These emerging modalities are capable of providing remote, non-invasive and low-cost opportunities. Unfortunately, both modalities are severely ill-posed nonlinear inverse problems, susceptive to noise and modelling errors. Nevertheless, the ability to incorporate complimentary datasets obtained simultaneously offers mutually beneficial information. By fusing electrical and elastic modalities as a joint problem, we are afforded the possibility to stabilize the inversion process via the utilization of auxiliary information from both modalities as well as joint structural operators. In this study, we will discuss a possible approach to combine electrical and elasticity imaging in a joint reconstruction problem giving rise to novel multi-modality applications for use in both medical and structural engineering. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Synergistic tomographic image reconstruction: part 1’.

scholarly journals Non-Invasive Testing of Physical Systems Using Topological Sensitivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1341
Author(s):  
María Higuera ◽  
José M. Perales ◽  
María-Luisa Rapún ◽  
José M. Vega
Keyword(s):  
Lamb Waves ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Mathematical Tool ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Topological Sensitivity ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Active Infrared Thermography ◽  
Non Destructive

A review of available results on non-destructive testing of physical systems, using the concept of topological sensitivity, is presented. This mathematical tool estimates the sensitivity of a set of measurements in some given sensors, distributed along the system, to defects/flaws that produce a degradation of the system. Such degradation manifests itself on the properties of the system. The good performance of this general purpose post-processing method is reviewed and illustrated in some applications involving non-destructive testing. These applications include structural health monitoring, considering both elastodynamic ultrasonic guided Lamb waves and active infrared thermography. Related methods can also be used in other fields, such as diagnosis/prognosis of engineering devices, which is also considered.

scholarly journals The grades and freshness assessment of eggs based on density detection using machine vision and weighing sensor

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Supakorn Harnsoongnoen ◽  
Nuananong Jaroensuk
Keyword(s):  
Machine Vision ◽  
Vision System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Water Displacement ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Future Potential ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Egg Freshness

AbstractThe water displacement and flotation are two of the most accurate and rapid methods for grading and assessing freshness of agricultural products based on density determination. However, these techniques are still not suitable for use in agricultural inspections of products such as eggs that absorb water which can be considered intrusive or destructive and can affect the result of measurements. Here we present a novel proposal for a method of non-destructive, non-invasive, low cost, simple and real—time monitoring of the grading and freshness assessment of eggs based on density detection using machine vision and a weighing sensor. This is the first proposal that divides egg freshness into intervals through density measurements. The machine vision system was developed for the measurement of external physical characteristics (length and breadth) of eggs for evaluating their volume. The weighing system was developed for the measurement of the weight of the egg. Egg weight and volume were used to calculate density for grading and egg freshness assessment. The proposed system could measure the weight, volume and density with an accuracy of 99.88%, 98.26% and 99.02%, respectively. The results showed that the weight and freshness of eggs stored at room temperature decreased with storage time. The relationship between density and percentage of freshness was linear for the all sizes of eggs, the coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.9982, 0.9999, 0.9996, 0.9996 and 0.9994 for classified egg size classified 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. This study shows that egg freshness can be determined through density without using water to test for water displacement or egg flotation which has future potential as a measuring system important for the poultry industry.

Nondestructive Extraction of Parameters of Multilayered Media Using Terahertz Pulse Technique

Frequenz ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Surya Prakash Singh ◽  
Nilesh K. Tiwari ◽  
M. Jaleel Akhtar
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Complex Refractive Index ◽  
Multilayered Structure ◽  
Terahertz Pulse ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Multilayered Media ◽  
Pulse Technique ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Full Wave ◽  
Non Destructive

Abstract In this work, an efficient non-invasive terahertz pulse technique is proposed and investigated to determine the thickness and refractive index of each layer in an optically thick stratified media. A closed form formulations are derived for simultaneous extraction of the thickness and complex refractive index of each layer with the help of primary reflected signals from the multilayered structure. The proposed technique is numerically tested using a full wave electromagnetic simulator and is experimental verified in the millimeter wave frequency range by utilizing the power peaks corresponding to the primary reflected signals. The numerical and measured results of multilayered samples under test are in good agreement with the reference data. The proposed terahertz pulse technique can be used for non-destructive testing of the multilayered system existing in various industries.

Technical Note: Detection of delamination in tyres using eddy currents

1997 ◽  
Vol 211 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. E. Gros
Keyword(s):  
Eddy Currents ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Quality And Safety ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Current Testing ◽  
Non Destructive

Non-destructive testing (NDT) is a useful tool to assess the structural integrity of components in order to maintain quality and safety standards. A low-cost electromagnetic technique based on eddy currents induced into a material appeared promising for the inspection of composite materials. Experiments were carried out in order to assess the potential of eddy currents in detecting delamination in rubber tyres. Infrared thermography was used to verify inspection results achieved with eddy currents. Non-destructive examination results are presented in this paper; these confirm that eddy current testing is an economically viable alternative for the inspection of steel reinforced truck tyres.

scholarly journals Motion Analysis of A Low Cost Customized A-Scan Non Destructive Testing Unit

2018 ◽  
Vol 217 ◽  
pp. 04002
Author(s):  
M.N. M. Zukri ◽  
E. A. Bakar
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Signal Acquisition ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Current Product ◽  
Stepper Motors ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
Non Destructive

This study introduced a new design of a low-cost customized A-scan Non Destructive Testing (NDT) unit using microcontroller-based scanning motion. the scanning unit from previous research has limitations in scanning envelope area and ability of detection. It can only detect large defects. To solve the limitations mentioned above, the purpose of this study is to develop a device with lower cost, more appropriate size of scanning envelop area, and ability to detect internal layer defections. the mechanism of this machine is achieved by using 3 NEMA 17 bipolar stepper motors for the movement of every axis. MATLAB is used in this machine for the purposes of signal acquisition, signal analysis and to control the linear motions. Since this machine is small in size (40cm x 27cm x 72cm), it can be used for small scale testing and analysis. As compared with current product, this machine is more portable and affordable. Thus, it is more convenient in the areas of research and education. the contributions of this machine is providing an affordable machine for advancement research field and enhancement quality inspection in manufacturing industries.

Non-invasive and non-destructive techniques in medicine and industry

1979 ◽  
Vol 292 (1390) ◽  
pp. 137-146 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Clinical Methods ◽  
Surveillance Method ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
And Training

The paper deals with the question ‘What can industrial users of radiological and ultrasonic non-destructive testing methods learn from medical users of non-invasive diagnostic methods and vice versa?’ and similarly, 'What can designers of equipment for the two types of users learn from each other?’ It compares the requirements of each of the two disciplines: in medicine, as complementary to clinical methods; in industry, as a maintenance aid and as a surveillance method to assist design. The basis of the comparison is the purpose of the examination, the significance of the cost factor and the differing definitions of quality and safety. The paper also deals with the problem of cooperation and of ‘interfaces' between the various teams, a problem aggravated by different educational and training backgrounds of the various interdependent teams. The above comparison is set into a background of the evolution of the methods, and conclusions are attempted for the future.

scholarly journals Terrestrial Laser Scanner as a Tool for Assessment of Saturation and Moisture Movement in Building Materials

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Czesław Suchocki ◽  
Jacek Katzer ◽  
Jacek Rapiński
Keyword(s):  
Structural Engineering ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanner ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Moisture Movement ◽  
Existing Structures ◽  
Non Destructive

Non Destructive Testing (NDT) is a key element of modern civil engineering. It is especially important in civil and structural engineering helping both in quality control of produced elements and technical assessments of existing structures. Existing NDT methods are being continuously improved and new methods are developed or adopted from different engineering fields. Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) method which is commonly used for geodetic applications has a great potential to be successfully harnessed in civil and structural engineering. TLS can be used for remote sensing of saturation of building materials. A research programme was prepared in order to prove this concept. Specimens representing most popular European building materials were scanned using TLS. Tested specimens were in different saturation states including capillary rising saturation. The saturation assessment was based on differences of values of intensity. The concept proved to be feasible and technically realistic.

Influence of Test Specimens Shape on Measurements of Electrical Resistivity of Concrete

2014 ◽  
Vol 634 ◽  
pp. 479-484
Author(s):  
Ronaldo Alves Medeiros ◽  
Maryangela Geimba Lima
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Service Life ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cylindrical Shape ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
New Models ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Execution Technique

The need to insert the durability factor on dimensioning concrete structures has been stimulating the development of new models to predict the service life of those structures. Among those new models, the use of data from Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) is recommended. It is known that electrical resistivity is a parameter related with permeability and, in consequence, with the resistance of the concrete against the intrusion of aggressive agents. Electrical resistivity may be monitored with time by a NDT method, by a low cost and easy execution technique. However, some parameters of this essay need to be further discussed in the literature aiming to standardize this technique. Thus, this study had the goal to verify the influence of test specimen’s shape in measurements of electrical resistivity. In order to that, cylindrical and prismatic test specimens have been molded from a same type of concrete and electrical resistivity was monitored during a period of 120 days. Results show significant differences between the values obtained. Test specimens in cylindrical shape had the higher results. A good correlation between factors was found with R2 higher than 0.94.

scholarly journals Acoustic Emission

2021 ◽  
pp. 175-217
Author(s):  
Dimitrios G. Aggelis ◽  
Markus G. R. Sause ◽  
Pawel Packo ◽  
Rhys Pullin ◽  
Steve Grigg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Emission ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Crack Nucleation ◽  
Irreversible Processes ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Non Destructive

AbstractAcoustic emission (AE) is one of the most promising methods for structural health monitoring (SHM) of materials and structures. Because of its passive and non-invasive nature, it can be used during the operation of a structure and supply information that cannot be collected in real time through other techniques. It is based on the recording and study of the elastic waves that are excited by irreversible processes, such as crack nucleation and propagation. These signals are sensed by transducers and are transformed into electric waveforms that offer information on the location and the type of the source. This chapter intends to present the basic principles, the equipment, and the recent trends and applications in aeronautics, highlighting the role of AE in modern non-destructive testing and SHM. The literature in the field is vast; therefore, although the included references provide an idea of the basics and the contemporary interest and level of research and practice, they are just a fraction of the total possible list of worthy studies published in the recent years.

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