scholarly journals Introductory remarks to the third session

This session is of particular personal interest to me. Almost exactly four years ago I completed the manuscript of my book with a section on glycolytic enzymes. At that time, some very interesting and tantalizing results were emerging from the crystallographic laboratories in Bristol and Oxford, so I paid visits to Dr Watson and Dr Muirhead and Professor Phillips with the result that I was able to include some speculative, unpublished, ideas on mechanism. It is now most intriguing to see the progress since 1976 and how some early speculations have held up or developed. The first speakers in this session, Dr Watson and Dr Fothergill, had just found a most striking feature at the active site of phosphoglycerate mutase: the two imidazole rings of the active site histidines are parallel and only 4 A apart, apparently well set up for shuffling the phosphate between 2-phosphoglycerate and 3-phosphoglycerate via two phosphoenzyme intermediates. I see from the abstract that subsequent data conflict with this idea.

1964 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8

Early in 1963 much of the land occupied by the Roman building at Fishbourne was purchased by Mr. I. D. Margary, M.A., F.S.A., and was given to the Sussex Archaeological Trust. The Fishbourne Committee of the trust was set up to administer the future of the site. The third season's excavation, carried out at the desire of this committee, was again organized by the Chichester Civic Society.1 About fifty volunteers a day were employed from 24th July to 3rd September. Excavation concentrated upon three main areas; the orchard south of the east wing excavated in 1962, the west end of the north wing, and the west wing. In addition, trial trenches were dug at the north-east and north-west extremities of the building and in the area to the north of the north wing. The work of supervision was carried out by Miss F. Pierce, M.A., Mr. B. Morley, Mr. A. B. Norton, B.A., and Mr. J. P. Wild, B.A. Photography was organized by Mr. D. B. Baker and Mrs. F. A. Cunliffe took charge of the pottery and finds.


The structure of yeast phosphoglycerate mutase determined by X-ray crystallographic and amino acid sequence studies has been interpreted in terms of the chemical, kinetic and mechanistic observations made on this enzyme. There are two histidine residues at the active site, with imidazole groups almost parallel to each other and approximately 0.4 nm apart, positioned close to the 2 and 3 positions of the substrate. The simplest interpretation of the available information suggests that a ping-pong type mechanism operates in which at least one of these histidine residues participates in the phosphoryl transfer reaction. The flexible C-terminal region also plays an important role in the enzymic reaction.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darian Jancowicz-Pitel

The presented paper aimed for exploring the translation process, a translator or interpreter needs equipment or tools so that the objectives of a translation can be achieved. If an interpreter needs a pencil, paper, headphones, and a mic, then an interpreter needs even more tools. The tools required include conventional and modern tools. Meanwhile, the approach needed in research on translation is qualitative and quantitative, depending on the research objectives. If you want to find a correlation between a translator's translation experience with the quality or type of translation errors, a quantitative method is needed. Also, this method is very appropriate to be used in research in the scope of teaching translation, for example from the student's point of view, their level of intelligence regarding the quality or translation errors. While the next method is used if the research contains translation errors, procedures, etc., it is more appropriate to use qualitative methods. Seeing this fact, these part-time translators can switch to the third type of translator, namely free translators. This is because there is an awareness that they can live by translation. These translators set up their translation efforts that involve multiple languages.


2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
Eloisa Paganoni

"Epigraphic squeezes are a key tool for research and teaching. They also have historical and documentary value. They are reliable copies of inscribed text and become the only evidence that remains if inscriptions are lost or destroyed. This paper describes the Venice Squeeze Project for the preservation and enhancement of epigraphic squeezes in the Department of Humanities at Ca’ Foscari University of Venice. For the initial phase of the project, the Ca’ Foscari University collection of epigraphic squeezes was published in the digital ektypotheke E-stampages. The current phase involves developing a web application to digitise epigraphic squeezes according to the metadata architecture of E-stampages. The first part of this paper describes the background of the Venice Squeeze Project and methodological issues, which fostered the partnership with E-stampages. The second part describes the relational database that was set up to digitise the Ca’ Foscari collection. The third part introduces the project initiatives to promote a network of Italian institutions interested in digitizing their collections of epigraphic squeezes. Keywords: Greek epigraphy, squeezes, database architecture"


2012 ◽  
Vol 433-440 ◽  
pp. 1967-1970
Author(s):  
Jun Chen ◽  
De Shan Tang

The Retail Chain Enterprises implement the strategy of channel to sink to set up shops in third and fourth cities. A reasonable and scientific choice of order of priority must be made when the enterprises entering those cities. This article adopts the approach of the Factor Analysis and duster Analysis the analysis 72 cities (including county-level cities) according to purchasing power index, and to explore how Retail Chain Enterprises to make the market of third and fourth their cities in Guangdong province. The conclusion that is the order of decision ——making to enter into the third and fourth tier cities, which has important guiding significance.


2021 ◽  
pp. 30-76
Author(s):  
Catriona Kelly

In 1961, the government bodies responsible for film production (the Ministries of Culture of the USSR and RSFSR) forcibly imposed on a reluctant Lenfilm the complete reorganization of production planning. The old Scripts Department was shut down and three “creative units” set up. This change was pushed through by Lenfilm’s energetic and flamboyant new general director, Ilya Kiselev, who had begun his career as an actor. Of the creative units, the earliest to emerge was the Third Creative Unit, which soon had a role as the flagship of contemporary cinema, a genre heavily promoted during the Thaw. However, the Third Creative Unit ran into increasing trouble as political control tightened after Khrushchev was forced to resign, and in 1969, it was closed down altogether. Yet life was not always calmer in the other units, as witnessed in particular by the difficulties that gripped the Second Creative Unit’s efforts to produce movies commemorating the fiftieth anniversary of the October Revolution in 1967, and by the problems of the First Creative Unit in establishing its own character and repertoire. At the same time, the general political line at this period, while unpredictable, was not uniformly harsh, as manifested in the conclusion of Leningrad’s Party leader that audiences could “make up their own mind” about a film he disliked.


2021 ◽  
pp. 78-92
Author(s):  
Robin Waterfield

The chief way in which the Greeks united in the third century in order to be able to offer resistance to Macedon was by forming large federal states. The two greatest of these were based in Achaea and in Aetolia, but both quickly spread well beyond these ethnic borders. “Aetolia” came to mean almost all of central Greece, and “Achaea” much of the Peloponnese. I discuss the differences between confederacies and the most familiar form of ancient Greek polity, the polis, and show how confederacies gained their strengths, before focusing on the structures set up by the Aetolians and Achaeans. By the time Antigonus came to the Macedonian throne, the Achaeans were on the rise, but the Aetolians were already a powerful threat. They had spearheaded the Greek repulsion of the Celts from central Greece, thus preserving Delphi, the most important of the Greeks’ common religious centers, and they used this as a springboard for further expansion. Antigonus treated them warily throughout his reign.


Author(s):  
Richard Tur

Legal ethics can be considered from at least three related viewpoints. First, as ‘professional ethics’, it is a corpus of rules, principles and standards, often embodied in a written code and disseminated, applied and enforced by appropriate governing bodies as a guide to the professional conduct of lawyers. Legal professions set up specific institutions and officers to monitor and assist practitioners and to accumulate experience and expertise in applying detailed provisions in morally complex situations. For some commentators this is primarily regulation or administration and not ethics at all, but for others it is ethics in action or ‘applied ethics’. ‘Applied ethics’ is the second aspect of legal ethics, distinguished from ethics in general by the focus on ethical issues in the context of legal practice, including confidentiality, conflict of interest or acting for a morally disreputable client. Interesting though such questions may be in themselves, some writers do not acknowledge that they are truly questions of ethics, because the duties and privileges of specialist functional groups generally and lawyers in particular are not universalizable. For others, including some feminist ethicists, the ‘agent as such’ does not exist and we all encounter moral difficulties and problems, if we encounter them at all, only in the context of some specific relationship or role, for example in the role of a lawyer. Legal ethics thus requires an analysis of role morality. The third aspect of legal ethics is as an integral element in general philosophical and legal education.


2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 218-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Børsen ◽  

Both postphenomenology and critical constructivism are central paradigms used as philosophies and theoretical resources at the Master’s program in Techno-Anthropology at Aalborg University. In the fall of 2018 a didactical experiment was set up as Techno-Anthropology Master’s students were introduced to postphenomenology and critical constructivism and asked to compare these two theoretical positions. This comparative assignment and following class discussions between students, a guest lecturer and teachers is the point of departure for this paper. First, the paper introduces Techno-Anthropology with a special focus on the roles of postphenomenology and critical constructivism in the Master’s program. The next part of the paper zooms in on how these two philosophical positions were presented to the students. The third part analyzes students’ comparisons of postphenomenology and critical constructivism. On that basis, the author identifies similarities and differences between the two positions and discusses how the two positions can complement each other in a unified Techno-Anthropological research strategy.


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