scholarly journals Sequence Determination of rRNA Genes of Pathogenic Vibrio Species and Whole-Cell Identification of Vibrio vulnificus with rRNA-Targeted Oligonucleotide Probes

1994 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 330-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. AZNAR ◽  
W. LUDWIG ◽  
R. I. AMANN ◽  
K. H. SCHLEIFER
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Vulnificus ◽  
Vibrio Species ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Oligonucleotide Probes ◽  
Sequence Determination ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Cell Identification ◽  
Pathogenic Vibrio

scholarly journals Phylogenetic Relationship Among Brackishwater Vibrio Species

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 117693432090328
Author(s):  
J Ashok Kumar ◽  
K Vinaya Kumar ◽  
S Avunje ◽  
V Akhil ◽  
S Ashok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Vibrio Vulnificus ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Vibrio Species ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Orthologous Genes ◽  
Phylogenetic Relations

Vibriosis is regarded as an important disease of penaeid shrimps affecting larvae in hatcheries. Among the Vibrio species, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio vulnificus, Vibrio furnissii, Vibrio campbellii, Vibrio harveyi, Vibrio alginolyticus, and Vibrio anguillarum are often associated with diseases in finfish and shellfish of brackishwater ecosystem. Accurate species differentiating methods for the organisms present in an ecosystem are required for precise classification of the species and to take steps for their management. Conventional methods like 16s rRNA phylogeny and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) have often failed to correctly identify Vibrio species. This has necessitated a comprehensive investigation on methodologies available to distinguish Vibrio species associated with brackishwater aquaculture system. To achieve this, 35 whole genomes belonging to 7 Vibrio species were subjected to phylogenetic analysis based on 16s rRNA gene, MLST genes, single-copy orthologous genes, and single-nucleotide polymorphisms. In addition, genome-based similarity indices like average nucleotide identity (ANI) and in silico DNA-DNA hybridization (DDH) were computed as confirmatory tests to verify the phylogenetic relations. There were some misclassifications occurred regarding phylogenetic relations based on 16s rRNA genes and MLST genes, while phylogeny with single-copy orthologous genes produced accurate species-level clustering. Study reveals that the species identification based on whole genome-based estimates or genome-wide variants are more precise than the ones done with single or subset of genes.

scholarly journals Developing a Universal and Efficient Method for the Rapid Selection of Stable Fluorescent Protein-Tagged Pathogenic Vibrio Species

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 804
Author(s):  
Candice A. Thorstenson ◽  
Matthias S. Ullrich
Keyword(s):  
World Wide ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Vibrio Vulnificus ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Vibrio Species ◽  
Delivery Vector ◽  
Pathogenic Vibrio ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Selection Of

World-wide increases in Vibrio-associated diseases have been reported in aquaculture and humans in co-occurrence with increased sea surface temperatures. Twelve species of Vibrio are known to cause disease in humans, but three species dominate the number of human infections world-wide: Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and Vibrio vulnificus. Fluorescent protein (FP)-labelled bacteria have been used to make great progress through in situ studies of bacterial behavior in mixed cultures or within host tissues. Currently, FP-labelling methods specific for Vibrio species are still limited by time-consuming counterselection measures that require the use of modified media and temperatures below the optimal growth temperature of many Vibrio species. Within this study, we used a previously reported R6K-based suicide delivery vector and two newly constructed transposon variants to develop a tailored protocol for FP-labelling V. cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus, and V. vulnificus environmental isolates within two days of counterselection against the donor Escherichiacoli. This herein presented protocol worked universally across all tested strains (30) with a conjugation efficiency of at least two transconjugants per 10,000 recipients.

scholarly journals Environmental Predictors of Pathogenic Vibrios in South Florida Coastal Waters

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koske Yamazaki ◽  
Nwadiuto Esiobu
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Vulnificus ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
The United States ◽  
South Florida ◽  
Vibrio Species ◽  
Environmental Predictors ◽  
Modes Of Transmission ◽  
Pathogenic Vibrio ◽  
Pathogenic Vibrios ◽  
The Relationship

In 2007, diseases caused by Vibrio vulnificus and other Vibrio species became nationally notifiable in the United States because of the potential severity of bloodstream infections. Direct contact of open wound with seawater and the ingestion of contaminated oysters are the principal modes of transmission. Presently, no clear environmental predictors of oyster contamination are known. This study is the first to report an apparent association between rainfall and Vibrio counts at five South Florida beaches. Using multiple regression and ANOVA, the relationship between Vibrio populations and various environmental factors were examined. Vibrio counts ranged from 135 CFU/100 mL at Hollywood Beach to 186,000 CFU/100 mL at North Miami Beach. Vibrio vulnificus and parahemolyticus were detected (less than 1% of all identified isolates) at two and four beaches respectively. Temperature and rainfall dates were the most significant correlates of the incidence of pathogenic Vibrio species.

Occurrence and Abundance of Pathogenic Vibrio Species in Raw Oysters at Retail Seafood Markets in Northwestern Mexico

2019 ◽  
Vol 82 (12) ◽  
pp. 2094-2099 ◽  
Author(s):  
CLAUDIA VILLICAÑA ◽  
LUIS AMARILLAS ◽  
LILIANA SOTO-CASTRO ◽  
BRUNO GÓMEZ-GIL ◽  
MARCIAL LEONARDO LIZÁRRAGA-PARTIDA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Vulnificus ◽  
Vibrio Species ◽  
Foodborne Illness ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Total Prevalence ◽  
Pathogenic Vibrio ◽  
Northwestern Mexico ◽  
Crassostrea Corteziensis

ABSTRACT Seafood has frequently been associated with foodborne illness because pathogens are easily introduced during seafood cultivation, handling, and processing. Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio cholerae are human pathogens that cause gastroenteritis and cholera, respectively, and Vibrio vulnificus can cause fatal wound infections and septicemia. However, information about the occurrence of these pathogens in oysters from the Pacific coast of Mexico is limited to V. parahaemolyticus. In the present study, we evaluated the presence and abundance of these three Vibrio species in 68 raw oysters (Crassostrea corteziensis) obtained from retail seafood markets in Sinaloa, Mexico. The most probable number (MPN)–PCR assay was used for amplification of the tlh (thermolabile hemolysin), ompW (outer membrane protein), and vvhA (hemolytic cytolysin) genes that are specific to V. parahaemolyticus, V. cholerae, and V. vulnificus, respectively. All oyster samples were positive for at least one Vibrio species. V. parahaemolyticus, V. cholerae, and V. vulnificus prevalences were 77.9, 8.8, and 32.3% overall, respectively, and most species were present in all sample periods with increased prevalence in period 3. The tdh (thermostable direct hemolysin) gene was detected in 30.1%, trh (TDH-related hemolysin) was detected in 3.7%, and tdh/trh was detected in 7.5% of the total tlh-positive samples (53 of 68), whereas the pandemic serotype O3:K6 (orf8 positive) was detected in only 1 sample (1.8%). The total prevalence of tdh and/or trh was 41.5%. In none of the samples positive for V. cholerae were the cholera toxin (ctxA) and cholix (chxA) toxigenic genes or the rfb gene encoding the O1 and O139 antigens amplified, suggesting the presence of non-O1 non-O139 V. cholerae strains. Our results clearly indicated a high prevalence of pathogenic Vibrio species in raw oysters from retail seafood markets in Mexico. Consumption of these raw oysters carries the potential risk of foodborne illness, which can be limited by cooking. HIGHLIGHTS

scholarly journals Expression of multiple γ-glutamyltransferase genes in man

1994 ◽  
Vol 297 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Courtay ◽  
N Heisterkamp ◽  
G Siest ◽  
J Groffen
Keyword(s):  
Human Genome ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Oligonucleotide Probes ◽  
Gene Products ◽  
Biological Variability ◽  
Sequence Determination ◽  
Adult Liver ◽  
Gamma Glutamyltransferase

In clinical and pharmacological laboratories, the assay for gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity is an important diagnostic test, but one with high biological variability. Although the human genome contains multiple GGT genomic sequences, the diagnostic tests generally assume that only a single GGT gene is active. In the current study, segments encompassing parts of seven different potential human GGT genes have been molecularly cloned. Based on sequence determination of exons within these distinct genomic clones, oligonucleotide primers were designed which would prime and PCR-amplify putative mRNA of all seven potential GGT genes, if expressed. Gene-specific oligonucleotide probes were then utilized to assay the transcriptional status of the seven possible GGT genes in a wide variety of human RNAs. Our results show that a single GGT gene exhibits ubiquitous expression in all RNAs tested, including those from fetal and adult liver. A surprisingly large number of four additional GGT genes is expressed in man. Interestingly, these novel GGT genes are expressed in a tissue-restricted manner, which suggests that their corresponding gene products exhibit distinct functions in these specific tissues.

MICROBIAL COMMUNITY DURING BIOREMEDIATION EXPERIMENTAL ON OIL SPILL IN COASTAL OF PARI ISLAND

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lies Indah Sutiknowati
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Deoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Oil Degradation ◽  
Sequence Determination ◽  
Blast Search ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Gradient Gel Electrophoresis

There is an information how to identify hydrocarbon degrading bacteria for bioremediation of marine oil spill. We have Bioremediation treatment for degradation of oil spill on Pari island and need two kind of experiment there are tanks experiment (sampling 0 to 90 days) and semi enclosed system (sampling 0 to 150 days). Biostimulation with nutrients (N and P) was done to analyze biodegradation of hydrocarbon compounds. Experiment design using fertilizer Super IB and Linstar will stimulate bacteria can degrade oil, n-alkane, and alkane as poly aromatic hydrocarbon. The bacteria communities were monitored and analyzed by Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) and Clone Library; oil chemistry was analyzed by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS). DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) was extracted from colonies of bacteria and sequence determination of the 16S rDNA was amplified by primers U515f and U1492r. Strains had been sequence and had similarity about 90-99% to their closest taxa by homology Blast search and few of them suspected as new species. The results showed that fertilizers gave a significant effect on alkane, PAH and oil degradation in tanks experiment but not in the field test. Dominant of the specific bacteria on this experiment were Alcanivorax, Marinobacter and Prosthecochloris. Keywords: Bioremediation, Biostimulation, DGGE, PAH, Pari Island

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document