scholarly journals Morphological and molecular evidence that Culex nigripalpus baculovirus is an unusual member of the family Baculoviridae

2001 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bettina A. Moser ◽  
James J. Becnel ◽  
Susan E. White ◽  
Claudio Afonso ◽  
Gerald Kutish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Gc Content ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Culex Nigripalpus ◽  
Double Stranded Dna ◽  
The Family ◽  
Occlusion Bodies ◽  
Infected Cells

We present evidence that a newly discovered mosquito virus from Culex nigripalpus is an unusual member of the family Baculoviridae. Development of this virus was restricted to nuclei of midgut epithelial cells in the gastric caeca and posterior stomach. The globular occlusion bodies were not enveloped, measured around 400 nm in diameter, occurred exclusively in nuclei of infected cells and typically contained four, sometimes up to eight, virions. The developmental sequence involved two virion phenotypes: an occluded form (ODV) that initiated infection in the midgut epithelial cells, and a budded form that spread the infection in the midgut. Each ODV contained one rod-shaped enveloped nucleocapsid (40×200 nm). The double-stranded DNA genome was approximately 105–110 kbp with an estimated GC content of 52%. We have sequenced approximately one-third of the genome and detected 96 putative ORFs of 50 amino acids or more including several genes considered to be unique to baculoviruses. Phylogenetic analysis of the amino acid sequences of DNApol and p74 placed this virus in a separate clade from the genera Nucleopolyhedrovirus and Granulovirus. We provisionally assign this virus in the genus Nucleopolyhedrovirus, henceforth abbreviated as CuniNPV (for Culex nigripalpus nucleopolyhedrovirus), and suggest that, awaiting additional data to clarify its taxonomic status, it may be a member of a new genus within the family Baculoviridae.

scholarly journals Taxonomic status of Bhanja and Kismayo viruses (family Bunyaviridae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
A. S Klimentov ◽  
A. P Gmyl ◽  
A. M Butenko ◽  
L. V Gmyl ◽  
O. V Isaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
The Family ◽  
L Segment

The nucleotide sequence of M= (1398 nucleotides and L= (6186 nucleotides) segments of the genome of Bhanja virus and L-segment (1297 nucleotides) of Kismayo virus has been partially determined. Phylogenetic analysis of deduced amino acid sequences showed that these viruses are novel members of the Flebovirus (Phlebovirus) genus in the family Bunyaviridae

scholarly journals Multiple novel filamentous phages detected in the cloacal swab samples of birds using viral metagenomics approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Zeng ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Ju Zhang ◽  
Shixing Yang ◽  
Wen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Gc Content ◽  
Cloacal Swab ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Viral Metagenomics ◽  
Toxin Gene ◽  
Microbial Genomes ◽  
The Family ◽  
Zonula Occludens Toxin ◽  
Reference Strains

AbstractMembers of the family Inoviridae (inoviruses) are characterized by their unique filamentous morphology and infection cycle. The viral genome of inovirus is able to integrate into the host genome and continuously releases virions without lysing the host, establishing chronic infection. A large number of inoviruses have been obtained from microbial genomes and metagenomes recently, but putative novel inoviruses remaining to be identified. Here, using viral metagenomics, we identified four novel inoviruses from cloacal swab samples of wild and breeding birds. The circular genome of those four inoviruses are 6732 to 7709 nt in length with 51.4% to 56.5% GC content and encodes 9 to 13 open reading frames, respectively. The zonula occludens toxin gene implicated in the virulence of pathogenic host bacteria were identified in all four inoviruses and shared the highest amino acid sequences identity (< 37.3%) to other reference strains belonging to different genera of the family Inoviridae and among themselves. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that all the four inoviruses were genetically far away from other strains belonging to the family Inoviridae and formed an independent clade. According to the genetic distance-based criteria, all the four inoviruses identified in the present study respectively belong to four novel putative genera in the family Inoviridae.

The Phylogenetic Position of Crenea in the Lythraceae Based on Molecular Evidence, and the Transfer of Its Two Species to Ammannia

2021 ◽  
Vol 106 ◽  
pp. 325-339
Author(s):  
Shirley A. Graham ◽  
Peter W. Inglis ◽  
Taciana B. Cavalcanti
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Character ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Monophyletic Lineage ◽  
The Family ◽  
Mangrove Vegetation ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Globally Distributed

Crenea Aubl. (Lythraceae) is a ditypic genus of subshrubs occurring in mangrove vegetation on the coasts of northern South America. Phylogenetic analyses based on morphology have offered unresolved and conflicting phylogenetic positions for the genus in the family. This study presents the first molecular sequences for Crenea, from nrITS, rbcL, trnL, trnL-F, and matK regions. Molecular phylogenetic analyses find full support for Crenea within Ammannia L., a relationship not previously recognized. Ammannia is a globally distributed genus of terrestrial to amphibious herbs mostly occurring in freshwater marshes and wetlands. It was recently reconfigured based on phylogenetic evidence to include the genera Nesaea Comm. ex Kunth and Hionanthera A. Fern. & Diniz. The transfer of Crenea to Ammannia further extends the morphological, ecological, and biogeographical diversity of Ammannia and provides the final evidence defining Ammannia as a monophyletic lineage of the Lythraceae. A revised circumscription of Ammannia s.l. adds several new morphological character states and the first species in the genus restricted to mangrove vegetation. Two changes in taxonomic status are made: Ammannia maritima (Aubl.) S. A. Graham, P. W. Inglis, & T. B. Cavalc., comb. nov., and Ammannia patentinervius (Koehne) S. A. Graham, P. W. Inglis, & T. B. Cavalc., comb. nov. The new combinations are described, a list of exsiccatae examined is provided, and the effects of the reconfiguration to the morphology and biogeography of the genus are detailed.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of a Bacteriophage Infecting Pseudomonas Aeruginosa and Its Application as a Potential Decontaminating Agent

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonika Sharma ◽  
Sibnarayan Datta ◽  
Soumya Chatterjee ◽  
Moumita Dutta ◽  
Jhuma Samanta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Burst Size ◽  
Gc Content ◽  
Alginate Beads ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
The Family ◽  
Infected Cells

Abstract To treat antibiotic resistance bacteria, bacteriophage (also called 'phage') application has recently drawn considerable attention from researchers globally. Bacteria like Pseudomonas aeruginosa are known to be associated with nosocomial infections especially in patients with compromised immune systems. In the present work, phage against P. aeruginosa (named 'DRLP1') was isolated from wastewater, enriched and characterized. Morphologically DRLP1 belongs to the family Myoviridae with a high lytic ability. DRLP1 has a burst size of approximately 100 PFU/infected cells, a rapid adsorption time when supplemented with MgCl2, and has viability in a wide temperature range and pH. Genomic sequencing and bioinformatics analysis showed that the phage genome is linear double-stranded, 66,243 bp in length and have a GC content of 54.9%. the genome encodes 93 phage related ORFs open reading frames (ORFs). Phage stability in lyophilized state, adsorption study on sodium alginate beads, and in-vitro pathogen reduction assays were also investigated. Study carried out with artificially contaminated fomites suggests that this phage has the potential for application as a biological decontaminant agent against P. aeruginosa in different conditions.

scholarly journals Complete Genome Analysis of a Novel Alcaligenes Faecalis Phage vB_Af_QDWS595

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujie Jing ◽  
Hong Lin ◽  
Houqi Ning ◽  
Jingxue Wang
Keyword(s):  
Genome Analysis ◽  
Gc Content ◽  
Alcaligenes Faecalis ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Lytic Phage ◽  
Double Stranded Dna ◽  
Phylogeny Analysis ◽  
The Family ◽  
Complete Genome Analysis ◽  
Reading Frames

Abstract A novel lytic phage named vB_Af_QDWS595 against Alcaligenes faecalis was isolated and characterized in this study. The genome of phage vB_Af_QDWS595 was sequenced and analyzed, and the result revealed that the phage contained a 88,795 bp of circular double-stranded DNA with 41.12% of GC content. There were 74 putative open reading frames (ORFs) and 11 tRNAs predicted in genome of phage vB_Af_QDWS595. Phenotype and phylogeny analysis indicated that this phage might be a new member within the family Schitoviridae. Phage vB_Af_QDWS595 is the first sequenced phage against Alcaligenes faecalis to the best of our knowledge.

scholarly journals Evolutionary implications of infra- and interspecific molecular variability of pathogenesis-related proteins

2003 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. B. Freitas ◽  
S. L. Bonatto ◽  
F. M. Salzano
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Rare Occurrence ◽  
Pr Protein ◽  
Interspecific Differences ◽  
The Family ◽  
Pathogenesis Related ◽  
Family Level ◽  
Related Proteins

We have examined phylogenetic relationships in seven pathogenesis-related (PR) protein families. Within-family comparisons involved 79 species, 166 amino acid sequences, and 1,791 sites. For 37 species, 124 different PR isoforms were identified (an average of 3.3 per species). Thirty-one of the 37 species investigated tended to cluster together (84%). Of the 17 clusters distinguished in the seven phylogenetic trees, 10 (59%) were in agreement with their taxonomic status, ascertained at the family level. The strong similarities among the intraspecific forms, as compared to interspecific differences, argue for some kind of gene conversion, but the rare occurrence of widely different isoforms also suggests diversifying selection. PRs 1, 6, and 4 seem to be less differentiated than PRs 3, 2, 10, and 5.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Pseudanoplocephala crawfordi and a comparison with closely related cestode species

2015 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 588-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.H. Zhao ◽  
H.B. Wang ◽  
Y.Q. Jia ◽  
W. Zhao ◽  
X.F. Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complete Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Economic Significance ◽  
The Family ◽  
Mt Genome ◽  
Rna Genes

AbstractPseudanoplocephala crawfordi is an important zoonotic cestode of economic significance and public health concern. In spite of its significance as a pathogen, the systematics, genetics, epidemiology and biology of this parasite remain poorly understood. In the present study, we sequenced and characterized the complete mitochondrial (mt) genome of P. crawfordi, which is 14,192 bp long and encodes 36 genes, including 12 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes and two ribosomal RNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis of the concatenated amino acid sequences using the Bayesian inference (BI) method showed that P. crawfordi was closely related to the family Hymenolepididae. Considering that the taxonomic status of P. crawfordi has been controversial when based only on morphological features, the mt genome obtained here will provide novel molecular markers to ascertain the phylogenetic position of this parasite accurately.

Cuticular structures in the copulatory apparatus of Planorbis planorbis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Planorbidae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
E.V. Soldatenko ◽  
A.A. Petrov
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser Scanning ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Copulatory Apparatus ◽  
The Family ◽  
Cuticular Structures

The morphology of the copulatory apparatus and associated cuticular structures in Planorbis planorbis was studied by light microscopy, SEM, TEM and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The significance of these cuticular structures for the taxonomic status of the species and for the systematics of the family Planorbidae in general is discussed.

scholarly journals Towards a Natural Classification of Hyphodontia Sensu Lato and the Trait Evolution of Basidiocarps within Hymenochaetales (Basidiomycota)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 478
Author(s):  
Xue-Wei Wang ◽  
Tom W. May ◽  
Shi-Liang Liu ◽  
Li-Wei Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Ancestral State ◽  
Trait Evolution ◽  
Natural Classification ◽  
Multiple Loci ◽  
The Family ◽  
Phylogenetic Perspective ◽  
Taxonomic Framework ◽  
First Time

Hyphodontia sensu lato, belonging to Hymenochaetales, accommodates corticioid wood-inhabiting basidiomycetous fungi with resupinate basidiocarps and diverse hymenophoral characters. Species diversity of Hyphodontia sensu lato has been extensively explored worldwide, but in previous studies the six accepted genera in Hyphodontia sensu lato, viz. Fasciodontia, Hastodontia, Hyphodontia, Kneiffiella, Lyomyces and Xylodon were not all strongly supported from a phylogenetic perspective. Moreover, the relationships among these six genera in Hyphodontia sensu lato and other lineages within Hymenochaetales are not clear. In this study, we performed comprehensive phylogenetic analyses on the basis of multiple loci. For the first time, the independence of each of the six genera receives strong phylogenetic support. The six genera are separated in four clades within Hymenochaetales: Fasciodontia, Lyomyces and Xylodon are accepted as members of a previously known family Schizoporaceae, Kneiffiella and Hyphodontia are, respectively, placed in two monotypic families, viz. a previous name Chaetoporellaceae and a newly introduced name Hyphodontiaceae, and Hastodontia is considered to be a genus with an uncertain taxonomic position at the family rank within Hymenochaetales. The three families emerged between 61.51 and 195.87 million years ago. Compared to other families in the Hymenochaetales, these ages are more or less similar to those of Coltriciaceae, Hymenochaetaceae and Oxyporaceae, but much older than those of the two families Neoantrodiellaceae and Nigrofomitaceae. In regard to species, two, one, three and 10 species are newly described from Hyphodontia, Kneiffiella, Lyomyces and Xylodon, respectively. The taxonomic status of additional 30 species names from these four genera is briefly discussed; an epitype is designated for X. australis. The resupinate habit and poroid hymenophoral configuration were evaluated as the ancestral state of basidiocarps within Hymenochaetales. The resupinate habit mainly remains, while the hymenophoral configuration mainly evolves to the grandinioid-odontioid state and also back to the poroid state at the family level. Generally, a taxonomic framework for Hymenochaetales with an emphasis on members belonging to Hyphodontia sensu lato is constructed, and trait evolution of basidiocarps within Hymenochaetales is revealed accordingly.

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