scholarly journals Preliminary epitope mapping of Torque teno sus virus 1 and 2 putative capsid protein and serological detection of infection in pigs

2013 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 1351-1356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronika Jarosova ◽  
Vladimír Celer
Keyword(s):  
Epitope Mapping ◽  
High Antibody ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Orf1 Protein ◽  
C Terminus ◽  
Serological Reactivity ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
Torque Teno Sus Virus ◽  
High Antibody Titre ◽  
Antigenic Epitopes

The aim of this work is to identify antigenic regions within the ORF1 protein of Torque teno sus virus 1 (TTSuV1) and Torque teno virus sus 2 (TTSuV2) that could be used as antigens to detect virus-specific antibodies following infection in pigs. Protein sequences of TTSuV ORF1 genes were analysed to predict linear antigenic epitopes. Synthesized peptides were analysed for serological reactivity with swine sera. Such an antigenic region was identified at the C terminus of the ORF1 protein of both viruses and showed serological reactivity with 78 % (TTSuV1) and 88 % (TTSuV2) of swine sera. An ELISA with an immunodominant peptide as antigen was used to examine the sera of piglets, aged 4–20 weeks, and adults. Results indicated that TTSuV1- and TTSuV2-specific antibodies were detectable at 4 weeks. Antibody titres increased from week 10 and peaked at week 20. A relatively high antibody titre persisted to adulthood.

scholarly journals Antibody Response and Haematological Changes of Nigerian Locally Adapted Turkeys to Sheep Red Blood Cells (SRBC)

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Ayodele Emmanuel OGUNDERO ◽  
Mofoyeke Oluwayemisi SANDA ◽  
Adeyemi Sunday ADENAIKE ◽  
Michael Irewole TAKEET ◽  
Christian Obiora Ndubuisi IKEOBI
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Antibody Titre ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Primary Response ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
High Antibody ◽  
Sheep Red Blood Cells ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
High Antibody Titre

Haemagglutination assay and haematological analysis of 143 poults generated as F1 individuals by artificial insemination from randomly selected turkeys of White, Black and Lavender genotypes which are classified by antibody titre was carried out so as to confirm their antibody titre levels in response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC). Results showed that mean values obtained for high and low antibody titres were 7.31 and 2.67 respectively, resulting in the classification of the turkeys into Black high and low, Lavender high and black, and White high and low antibody titres. The genotype’s titre had significant (P <0.05) effect on the packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin (Hb), red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC) and basophil (BAS) of the basal haematological parameters. Genotype’s titre had no significant (P >0.05) effect on the primary response haematological parameters. Meanwhile, the primary response haematological parameters to SRBC antigen varied along the genotypes with the WBC increasing drastically in all the genotypes, signifying the presence of an antigen. The study concluded that the F1 turkey poult population studied diverged along the high and low antibody titre in response to SRBC. Thus, the F1 generation of the high antibody titre genotypes (Black high, White high and Lavender high) can be used as foundation stock for selection of local turkeys for high antibody titre.

scholarly journals The identification of Salmonella enteritidis-infected poultry flocks associated with an outbreak of human salmonellosis

1992 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. van de Giessen ◽  
J. B. Dufrenne ◽  
W. S. Ritmeester ◽  
P. A. T. A. Berkers ◽  
W. J. van Leeuwen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
High Antibody ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Probable Source ◽  
Human Salmonellosis ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
On Farm

SUMMARYIn the summer of 1991 a human outbreak of Salmonella enteritidis infection occurred following a barbecue in which about 100 persons were involved. Eggs, supplied by one or more of 10 different layer farms, were the most probable source of the infection. To identify the S. enteritidis-positive flocks, an immunoassay was used to detect salmonella serogroup D-specific antibodies in the yolk of hens eggs. Antibody titres in the eggs from two layer farms, farm A and B, clearly exceeded the titres found in randomly collected eggs. Further investigations on farm A and B yielded high antibody titres in the eggs from flocks A1, A2 and B2, and low titres in the eggs from flock B1. S. enteritidis was isolated from the faecal samples of flocks A1, A2 and B2, whereas no salmonella was detected in the faecal samples of flock B1. The flocks present on both farms originated from the same breeder flock.

scholarly journals Presence of specific antibodies and proviral DNA of small ruminant lentiviruses in lambs in their first weeks of life

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Olech ◽  
Piotr Kubiś ◽  
Czesława Lipecka ◽  
Andrzej Junkuszew ◽  
Tomasz M. Gruszecki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Ruminant ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
In Utero ◽  
High Antibody ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Proviral Dna ◽  
Early Removal ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
Small Ruminant Lentiviruses

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of proviral DNA and colostral antibodies in lambs born to and fed by ewes infected with small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLV). It was demonstrated that all 20 lambs tested 24 h after colostrum ingestion were serologically positive with high antibody titres. These gradually decreased with time, and at week 12 all lambs were seronegative. Twenty percent of lambs tested at the 2nd week postpartum were provirus positive by qPCR as a result of consumption of infected colostrum or in utero infection. When tested at three months of life, 95% of the lambs were provirus positive, probably as a result of horizontal transmission of the virus. Since these animals could play an important role in the early propagation of SRLV to susceptible herdmates, early removal of provirus-positive animals could help to prevent new infections.

scholarly journals Some observations on the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis in Canada

1976 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian R. Tizard ◽  
Norman A. Fish ◽  
Joseph P. Quinn
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Placental Transfer ◽  
Summer Rainfall ◽  
Disease Prevalence ◽  
High Antibody ◽  
Toxoplasma Infection ◽  
Patient Age ◽  
Patient Âgé ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
Dry Conditions

SUMMARYBetween 1961 and 1974, 11934 samples of serum were tested by the Sabin- Feldman Dye test for the presence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii.Analysis of high-titred sera suggested that a 6-year cycle of high disease prevalence occurred across Canada. In addition, a decline in the percentage of positive reactions occurred each year in the Fall. The suggestion that this decline was due to dry conditions during the summer months was supported by the observation that differences in the prevalence of toxoplasma infection in ten Canadian cities were related to their average summer rainfall. The significance of these observations in relation to the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis in this country is discussed. The influence of patient age on the prevalence of infection was also investigated; the results obtained suggested that at least 75% of infants with high antibody titres against T. gondii had obtained these antibodies by placental transfer from their mothers.

scholarly journals Postnatal decline of maternally acquired viral antibodies of different specificities

1971 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Cloonan ◽  
R. A. Hawkes ◽  
L. H. Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Titre ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
High Antibody ◽  
Serum Antibodies ◽  
Rectangular Hyperbola ◽  
Viral Antibodies ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Rubella Antibody

SUMMARYThe rates of decline (half-lives) of maternally acquired antibodies of two different specificities in a group of infants were found to be highly variable, ranging from 18 to 192 days for parainfluenza type 3 antibody (54 infants) and from 15 to 251 days for influenza A2 antibody (nine infants). For antibodies of both specificities approximately 75% of the half-lives were between 15 and 60 days. With parainfluenza type 3 antibody, and possibly with influenza A 2 antibody, the half-lives were inversely proportional to the initial antibody titre of the babies' sera. This relationship could be described by a rectangular hyperbola. Babies with high antibody titres at birth lost this antibody rapidly whereas in babies with low initial titres antibody declined over a longer period.The half-lives of parainfluenza type 3 antibody and influenza A 2 antibody were compared with that of rubella antibody in the same group of infants (previously published). Maternally acquired viral antibodies of different specificities did not necessarily decline at similar rates in any given child. In nine infants, maternally acquired antibodies of two different specificities (rubella and parainfluenza type 3) declined at significantly different rates in the same child. It is suggested that although the half-life of antibody of a given specificity is related to its concentration in the serum, it is independent of the level of serum antibodies of other specificities.

scholarly journals Proteolytic processing of the L-type Ca2+ channel alpha11.2 subunit in neurons

F1000Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia R. Buonarati ◽  
Peter B. Henderson ◽  
Geoffrey G. Murphy ◽  
Mary C. Horne ◽  
Johannes W. Hell
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Neuronal Excitability ◽  
Central Element ◽  
Proteolytic Processing ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Hek293 Cells ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
C Terminus ◽  
Molecular Masses

Background: The L-type Ca2+ channel Cav1.2 is a prominent regulator of neuronal excitability, synaptic plasticity, and gene expression. The central element of Cav1.2 is the pore-forming α11.2 subunit. It exists in two major size forms, whose molecular masses have proven difficult to precisely determine. Recent work suggests that α11.2 is proteolytically cleaved between the second and third of its four pore-forming domains (Michailidis et al,. 2014). Methods: To better determine the apparent molecular masses (MR)of the α11.2 size forms, extensive systematic immunoblotting of brain tissue as well as full length and C-terminally truncated α11.2 expressed in HEK293 cells was conducted using six different region–specific antibodies against α11.2. Results: The full length form of α11.2 migrated, as expected, with an apparent MR of ~250 kDa. A shorter form of comparable prevalence with an apparent MR of ~210 kDa could only be detected in immunoblots probed with antibodies recognizing α11.2 at an epitope 400 or more residues upstream of the C-terminus. Conclusions: The main two size forms of α11.2 are the full length form and a shorter form, which lacks ~350 distal C-terminal residues. Midchannel cleavage as suggested by Michailidis et al. (2014) is at best minimal in brain tissue.

scholarly journals Identification of antigenic epitopes for Guertu virus nucleocapsid protein

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siyuan Wang ◽  
Xihong Yue ◽  
Alai Shalitanati ◽  
Abulimiti Moming ◽  
Shu Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Epitope Mapping ◽  
Virus Detection ◽  
Polyclonal Antiserum ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
High Conservation ◽  
Potential Pathogenicity ◽  
Severe Fever ◽  
Antigenic Epitopes

Abstract Guertu virus (GTV), a novel tick-borne virus with potential pathogenicity, was first isolated from Dermacentor nuttalli in Xinjiang, China, in 2014. GTV has been shown to infect animal and human cell lines and to be pathogenic in mice. The viral nucleoprotein (NP) is the most conserved immunogenic protein. Elucidating the B-cell epitopes (BCEs) in the immunodominant region of the NP is important for the development of virus detection methods and vaccines. In order to identify the minimal motifs of linear BCEs in the NP of the GTV DXM strain, we used an improved biosynthetic peptide (BSP) method to truncate GTV NP into 30 16mer-peptides with 8 overlapping amino acid residues spanning the full length of the protein. The peptides were analyzed by western blot using rabbit anti-GTV NP polyclonal antiserum, and four positive 16mer-peptides were obtained. The 16mer-peptides were then truncated into 31 8mer-peptides with 7 overlapping amino acid residues and 10mer-peptides with 9 overlapping amino acid residues to screen for BCEs that can react with the rabbit anti-GTV NP polyclonal antiserum. The results showed that there were 6 minimal BCE motifs, namely, Enp1, 88EKYGLVER95; Enp2, 88EKYGLVER95; Enp3, 162TTKILMEA169; Enp4, 187GASKAEVY194; Enp5, 191AEVYNSFR198; and Enp6, 236ETAAAAYRNL245. Positive sheep sera could recognize all six BCEs with anti-GTV antibodies. The BCEs were aligned with the sequences of eight representative severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome phlebovirus strains from different countries and regions that were evolutionarily closely related to GTV. The sequence identity of the BCEs ranged from 80–100%, thus showing high conservation. The fine epitope mapping of GTV NP can be used to explore the biological and immunological properties of GTV NP antigens and serve as basic data for the development of multi-epitope detection reagents and vaccine design for GTV.

scholarly journals Therapeutic challenges in two adolescent male patients with Fabry disease and high antibody titres

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 100618
Author(s):  
Aizeddin A. Mhanni ◽  
Christiane Auray-Blais ◽  
Michel Boutin ◽  
Alie Johnston ◽  
Kaye LeMoine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fabry Disease ◽  
Adolescent Male ◽  
High Antibody ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
Male Patients

scholarly journals Antibodies and the Aberdeen typhoid outbreak of 1964: I. The Widal reaction

1977 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
B J. Brodie
Keyword(s):  
Typhoid Fever ◽  
Antibody Titre ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Widal Test ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
Discharge From Hospital ◽  
Somatic Antigens ◽  
High Antibody Titre ◽  
Do So

SUMMARYThe outbreak of typhoid fever in Aberdeen during 1964 (Walker, 1965) presented an opportunity to study the antibody titres of typhoid fever patients and of TAB immunized individuals to obtain further knowledge concerning the behaviour of these titres with the passage of time.This paper gives an abbreviated version of part of a research programme which followed the Aberdeen typhoid outbreak of 1964.The antibody titres of patients were followed up for a period of 2 years after discharge from hospital and the findings have been compared with those in TAB immunized healthy individuals. The following points emerged:(1) The value of the Widal test as an aid to diagnosis was limited;(2) the flagellar antibody titre in patients' sera provided a more reliable aid towards diagnosis than did the somatic antibody titre;(3) the response of immunized and non-immunized patients to the somatic antigens was poor and often delayed well into the period following discharge from hospital;(4) titres of 1/40 and over for Vi agglutinins were present in immunized and non-immunized patients for at least 12 months after discharge without their beingS. typhiexcretors;(5) Vi agglutinin titres as high as 1/40 were present in TAB immunized healthy individuals and also in members of the general public;(6) the presence ofS. typhisepticaemia need not result in a high antibody titre; (7) patients who relapse, may do so without enhancement of previous antibody titres and may relapse even in the presence of earlier appreciable titres.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Serological Reactivity of Lipopolysaccharides from Japanese and Western Strains of Helicobacter pylori to Sera from H. pylori-Positive Humans

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken-ichi Amano ◽  
Shin-ichi Yokota ◽  
Mario A. Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Japanese Patients ◽  
Lewis Antigens ◽  
Lewis Antigen ◽  
Serological Reactivity ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Antigenic Epitopes

We compared the serological reactivity of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) isolated from Japanese and Western strains of Helicobacter pylori against anti-Lewis antigen monoclonal antibodies and H. pylori-positive Japanese sera. The two LPS from Western strains (26695 and O:2) did not react with any sera from Japanese patients, while all LPS from Japanese strains and the Sydney strain reacted with these sera. We propose that LPS of all Japanese smooth strains share either one of two epitopes, which are termed highly antigenic and weakly antigenic epitopes, present in the O-polysaccharide portion, and these epitopes are independent the Lewis antigens. The present findings indicated that the two Western strains lacked the two epitopes, which are shared by all Japanese strains.

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