scholarly journals Plants and Fungal Products with Activity Against Tuberculosis

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 609-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Vinicius Nora De Souza
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Contagious Disease ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
The World

Tuberculosis (TB) is becoming an ever more serious worldwide problem. This contagious disease kills four people every minute somewhere in the world and accounts for more than 2 million deaths per year. Due to the rapid spread of TB strains resistant to all the major anti-TB drugs on the market, and the association of TB with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in AIDS, we urgently need to develop new drugs to fight against TB. In this context, due to the importance of nature in the development of new drugs, the aim of the present review is to highlight a series of new and promising anti-TB agents derived from plants and fungi discovered between 2001 and 2005.

The relevance of the question of the study of a corpse with suspected HIV

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Dzhuvalyakov ◽  
Dmitry Bogomolov ◽  
Julia Zbrueva
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Secondary Infections ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The World ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome

HIV infection is a disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus, characterized by acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, which contributes to the occurrence of secondary infections and malignant tumors due to deep inhibition of the body's protective properties. Today, the world is experiencing a pandemic of HIV infection, the incidence of the world's population, especially in Eastern Europe, is growing steadily.

scholarly journals HIV and the Law: Integrating Law, Policy, and Social Epidemiology

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zita Lazzarini ◽  
Robert Klitzman
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Social Epidemiology ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Specific Health Condition ◽  
Specific Health

In the foundational piece in this issue of the journal, “Integrating Law and Social Epidemiology,” Burris, Kawachi, and Sarat present a model for understanding the relationship between law and health. This article uses the case of a specific health condition, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, as an opportunity to flesh out this schema and to test how the model “fits” the world of the HIV pandemic. In applying the model to this communicable disease, we hope to illustrate the multitude of ways that laws affect the course of the pandemic as well as the course of an individual’s vulnerability or resilience to the disease, and how the complexities of an individual’s life dealing with the virus interface with the world of laws and legal institutions.

Ovarian germ cell malignancy and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection: A case report

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 541-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Moodley ◽  
J. Moodley
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Endodermal Sinus Tumor ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The World ◽  
Sinus Tumor ◽  
Cell Malignancy

The occurrence of germ cell tumors in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has not been previously reported. However, with the HIV pandemic in certain parts of the world, this association has become a reality. The approach to management as well as the role of adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy is problematic as many of these therapies are toxic. The appropriate management of such tumors will remain elusive for sometime. The presentation, management, and outcome of ovarian endodermal sinus tumor in a HIV-infected patient is reported.

Differential diagnosis of chronic diarrhea in patients with HIV infection

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-66
Author(s):  
Olga Alekseevna Petrischeva
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
The Body ◽  
First Case ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The World ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Today, when the whole world is overwhelmed by the coronavirus pandemic, few people remember that it was AIDS that was called the plague of the twentieth century. The manifestations of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are the terminal stage of infection of the body with the human immunodeficiency virus, which belongs to retroviruses and leads to the development of secondary immunodeficiency. The first case of HIV infection in adults was described in 1981 in America. A young homosexual came to one of the hospitals in the city of San Francisco with a persistent fungal infection. Some time after the treatment, the young man developed pneumonia, from the complications of which he soon died. The human immunodeficiency virus got its name only in 1982, and the disease caused by it began to be called the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. At present, there are more than 40 million infected people in the world, 2/3 of whom live in Africa; in total, since the beginning of the epidemic, almost 100 million people have been infected with HIV, and the number of victims has doubled the number of people who died in the First World War. Despite the fact that this infection is not airborne or transmitted by contact, the growth rate of this disease continues to shock. Thus, about 5 thousand people get infected with HIV every day in the world; annually about 1 million die from complications of this disease. It should be noted that only 71% of those infected are aware of their status, all the rest continue to serve as a potential source of the spread of this terrible infection.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection in Children

1987 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beverly Ryan ◽  
Edward Connor ◽  
Anthony Minnefor ◽  
Frank Desposito ◽  
James Oleske
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Low Free Testosterone Levels in Japanese Men with Well-controlled Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 381-386
Author(s):  
Yusuke Yoshino ◽  
Ichiro Koga ◽  
Yoshitaka Wakabayashi ◽  
Takatoshi Kitazawa ◽  
Yasuo Ota
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Background: The change in the prevalence of hypogonadism with age in men with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is subject to debate. Objective: To address this issue, we diagnosed hypogonadism based on serum levels of free testosterone (fTST) rather than total testosterone which is thought to be an inaccurate indicator. We also determined the relationship between age and fTST levels and identified risk factors for hypogonadism in men with HIV infection. Method: We retrospectively reviewed fTST levels and associated clinical factors in 71 wellcontrolled HIV-infected men who were treated at Teikyo University Hospital between April 2015 and March 2016 and who had data available on serum fTST levels, measured >6 months after starting antiretroviral therapy. fTST was measured using radioimmunoassay on blood samples collected in the morning. Risk factors for hypogonadism were identified using Welch’s t-test and multiple regression analysis. Results: The men had a mean (± standard deviation) age of 47.4 ± 13.6 years, and mean (± standard deviation) serum fTST level of 13.0 ± 6.1 pg/mL. Fifteen (21.1%) men had hypogonadism based on a fTST <8.5 pg/mL. Serum fTST levels significantly decreased with age (−0.216 pg/mL/year). Older age and low hemoglobin levels were identified as risk factors for hypogonadism. Conclusion: The men in the study experienced a more rapid decline in fTST levels with age than men in the general population (−0.161 pg/mL/year). Serum fTST levels in men with HIV infection should be monitored, especially in older men and those with low hemoglobin levels.

scholarly journals FRI0435 THE CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM AUTOANTIBODIES AND HLA-B27 MOLECULE TESTING IN UYGUR PATIENTS WITH HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 815.3-815
Author(s):  
X. Chen ◽  
L. Wu ◽  
X. Wu ◽  
C. N. Luo ◽  
Y. M. Shi
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Molecular Mimicry ◽  
Molecular Testing ◽  
Hla B27 ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Rheumatic Manifestations ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Positive Rate

Background:AIDS is a deadly infectious disease caused by the HIV. When HIV infects a host, it may induce production of autoantibodies due to the structural antigen similarity between viral proteins and selfantigens.The molecular mimicry between HIV protein and self-antigens could cause antibody cross-reactions and lead to development of autoimmune disease.Objectives:To explore the clinical value of serum autoantibodies and human leukocyte antigen (HLA-B27) molecular testing in Uygur patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.Methods:A total of 727 HIV-infected Uygur patients who visited Kuche Infectious Diseases Hospital during May 2016 to March 2017 were include in this study. The other 390 healthy people were enrolled as controls. Serum antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and ANA Profile, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibody, and HLA-B27 molecule were tested.Results:Among 727 HIV-infected Uygur patients, 317 were males and 410 were females with mean age (35.52±13.44) years old. The mean duration of disease was (6.34±3.05)years. There were 697(95.87%) patients receiving Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) with mean duration of treatment (6.34±3.05)years. Rheumatic manifestations were recorded in 238 (32.74%) HIV-infected Uygur patients, mainly with dry mouth and dry eye (15.41%), alopecia (9.90%), arthralgia (8.94%), ect. Compared with the health controls, positive ANA was more common in HIV infected Uygur patients (33.42%vs.17.43%,P< 0.001) with low titers (ANA titer:1:100). HIV-infected Uygur patients had higher positive anti-u1-RNP antibodies positive rate (1.10%), but lower anti-SSA antibodies positive rate (0.14%) and anti-CCP antibodies positive rate (0.28%). Patients with positive ANA in HAART group were significantly less than that in non-treatment group (38.72%vs.50.00%,P=0.049).Only one female patient was HLA-B27 positive (0.14%), which was significantly lower than that in healthy controls (3.08%) (P<0.001). Also, only one patient was diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Conclusion:Rheumatic manifestations are common in HIV-infected Uygur patients. Several autoantibodies are positive, but the coincidence of rheumatic diseases is rare. It’s noted that patients with Rheumatic manifestations and low titre positive ANA should be considered as a differential diagnosis of HIV infection.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Cryptococcal infection of the colon in a patient without concurrent human immunodeficiency infection: a case report and literature review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvaro Quincho-Lopez ◽  
Noah Kojima ◽  
John M. Nesemann ◽  
Rogger Verona-Rubio ◽  
Dina Carayhua-Perez
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Chronic Diarrhea ◽  
Cryptococcal Infection ◽  
Pulmonary System ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Disseminated Disease ◽  
Histopathology Examination

AbstractCryptococcosis is a fungal infection that is rarely reported in patients without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, especially when the central nervous system (CNS) or pulmonary system is not involved. We report a case of isolated colonic cryptococcosis without disseminated disease in a 64-year-old immunocompetent woman without HIV infection who presented with chronic diarrhea and no episodes of fever or weight loss. The diagnosis was based on histopathology examination. Furthermore, we performed a literature review showing that few reports have been published so far and in the case of colonic cryptococcal infection, the prognosis is favorable among HIV-uninfected patients.

Autoimmunity against blood cells in human immunodeficiency-virus (HIV) infection

2008 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-114
Author(s):  
J. Lelie ◽  
J. M. A. Lange ◽  
J. J. E. Vos ◽  
C. M. Dalen ◽  
S. A. Danner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus
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