scholarly journals Epidemiological and clinical features of COVID-19 patients with and without pneumonia in Beijing, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penghui Yang ◽  
Yibo Ding ◽  
Zhe Xu ◽  
Rui Pu ◽  
Ping Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
B Lymphocyte ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Asymptomatic Carriers ◽  
Illness Onset ◽  
Laboratory Examinations ◽  
The Mean

AbstractBackgroundSARS-CoV-2-caused coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is posing a large casualty. The features of COVID-19 patients with and without pneumonia, SARS-CoV-2 transmissibility in asymptomatic carriers, and factors predicting disease progression remain unknown.MethodsWe collected information on clinical characteristics, exposure history, and laboratory examinations of all laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted to PLA General Hospital. Cox regression analysis was applied to identify prognostic factors. The last follow-up was February 18, 2020.ResultsWe characterized 55 consecutive COVID-19 patients. The mean incubation was 8.42 (95% confidence interval [CI], 6.55-10.29) days. The mean SARS-CoV-2-positive duration from first positive test to conversion was 9.71 (95%CI, 8.21-11.22) days. COVID-19 course was approximately 2 weeks. Asymptomatic carriers might transmit SARS-CoV-2. Compared to patients without pneumonia, those with pneumonia were 15 years older and had a higher rate of hypertension, higher frequencies of having a fever and cough, and higher levels of interleukin-6 (14.61 vs. 8.06pg/mL, P=0.040), B lymphocyte proportion (13.0% vs.10.0%, P=0.024), low account (<190/µL) of CD8+ T cells (33.3% vs. 0, P=0.019). Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that circulating interleukin-6 and lactate independently predicted COVID-19 progression, with a hazard ratio (95%CI) of 1.052 (1.000-1.107) and 1.082 (1.013-1.155), respectively. During disease course, T lymphocytes were generally lower, neutrophils higher, in pneumonia patients than in pneumonia-free patients. CD8+ lymphocytes did not increase at the 20th days after illness onset.ConclusionThe epidemiological features are important for COVID-19 prophylaxis. Circulating interleukin-6 and lactate are independent prognostic factors. CD8+ T cell exhaustion might be critical in the development of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Identification of Prognostic RBPs in Osteosarcoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 153303382110049
Author(s):  
Bei Li ◽  
Long Fang ◽  
Baolong Wang ◽  
Zengkun Yang ◽  
Tingbao Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Ribosome Biogenesis ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Rna Binding Proteins ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Differential Expression Analysis ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis

Osteosarcoma often occurs in children and adolescents and causes poor prognosis. The role of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) in malignant tumors has been elucidated in recent years. Our study aims to identify key RBPs in osteosarcoma that could be prognostic factors and treatment targets. GSE33382 dataset was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. RBPs extraction and differential expression analysis was performed. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis were performed to explore the biological function of differential expression RBPs. Moreover, we constructed Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and obtained key modules. Key RBPs were identified by univariate Cox regression analysis and multiple stepwise Cox regression analysis combined with the clinical information from Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET) database. Risk score model was generated and validated by GSE16091 dataset. A total of 38 differential expression RBPs was identified. Go and KEGG results indicated these RBPs were significantly involved in ribosome biogenesis and mRNA surveillance pathway. COX regression analysis showed DDX24, DDX21, WARS and IGF2BP2 could be prognostic factors in osteosarcoma. Spearman’s correlation analysis suggested that WARS might be important in osteosarcoma immune infiltration. In conclusion, DDX24, DDX21, WARS and IGF2BP2 might play key role in osteosarcoma, which could be therapuetic targets for osteosarcoma treatment.

scholarly journals Prognostic Significance of PD-L1 and mTOR Expression in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nattinee Charoen ◽  
Kitti Jantharapattana ◽  
Paramee Thongsuksai
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis

Objective: Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) are key players in host immune evasion and oncogenic activation, respectively. Evidence of the prognostic role in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is conflicting. This study examined the associations of PD-L1 and mTOR expression with 5-year overall survival in OSCC patients. Material and Methods: The expressions of PD-L1 and mTOR proteins were immunohistochemically evaluated on tissue microarrays of 191 patients with OSCC who were treated by surgery at Songklanagarind Hospital, Thailand from 2008 to 2011. Cox regression analysis was used to determine independent prognostic factors. Results: PD-L1 expression was observed in 14.1% of cases while mTOR expression was present in 74.3% of cases. Females were more likely to have tumors with PD-L1 (p-value=0.007) and mTOR expressions (p-value=0.003) than males. In addition, lower clinical stage and well differentiated tumor are more likely to have mTOR expression (p-value= 0.038 and p-value<0.001, respectively). Cox regression analysis showed that age, tumor stage, nodal stage, combined surgical treatment with radiation or chemoradiation therapy, surgical margin status, PD-L1 expression and mTOR expression are independent prognostic factors. High PD-L1 expression (hazard ratio (HR) 3.14, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.26–7.79) and high mTOR expression (HR 1.69, 95% CI, 1.00–2.84) are strong predictors of poor outcome. Conclusion: A proportion of OSCC expressed PD-L1 and mTOR proteins. Expression of PD-L1 and mTOR proteins are strong prognostic factors of OSCC.

scholarly journals Incidence, Survival, and Associated Factors Estimation in Osteosarcoma Patients with Lung Metastasis: A Single-center Experience of 11 Years in Tianjin, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Zhang ◽  
Haixiao Wu ◽  
Guijun Xu ◽  
Wenjuan Ma ◽  
Lisha Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Lung Metastasis ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis

Abstract Background: Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor. The current study was conducted to describe the general condition of patients with primary osteosarcoma in a single cancer center in Tianjin, China and to investigate the associated factors in osteosarcoma patients with lung metastasis. Methods: From February 2009 to October 2020, patients from Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, China were retrospectively analyzed. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to evaluate the overall survival of osteosarcoma patients. Prognostic factors of patients with osteosarcoma were identified by the Cox proportional hazard regression analysis. Risk factor of lung metastasis in osteosarcoma were investigated by the logistic regression model. Results: A total of 203 patients were involved and 150 patients were successfully followed up for survival status. The 5-year survival rate of osteo-sarcoma patients was 70.0%. Surgery, bone and lung metastasis were the significant prognostic factors in multivariable Cox regression analysis. Twenty-one (10.3%) patients showed lung metastasis at the diagnosis of osteosarcoma and 67 (33%) lung metastases during the later course. T3 stage (OR=11.415, 95%CI 1.362-95.677, P=0.025) and synchronous bone metastasis (OR=6.437, 95%CI 1.69-24.51, P=0.006) were risk factors of synchronous lung metastasis occurrence. Good necrosis (≥90%, OR=0.097, 95%CI 0.028-0.332, P=0.000) and elevated Ki-67 (≥50%, OR=4.529, 95%CI 1.241-16.524, P=0.022) were proved to be significantly associated with metachronous lung metastasis occurrence. Conclusion: The overall survival, prognostic factors and risk factors for lung metastasis in this single center provided insight about osteosarcoma management.

scholarly journals P1481STRAIN REPOLARISATION ON ECG, NOT LEFT VENTRICULAR MASS, ASSOCIATES WITH CARDIOVASCULAR OUTCOMES IN A PROSPECTIVE COHORT OF HAEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Skampardoni ◽  
Diana Y Y Chiu ◽  
Philip A Kalra ◽  
Darren Green
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Study Endpoint ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Maintenance Haemodialysis ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background and Aims Cardiovascular disease is common in chronic and end stage kidney disease. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) has been identified as contributor to cardiovascular risk in this population. The aim of the study was to assess whether the combined use of electrocardiography and echocardiography in assessing LVH in a haemodialysis population can provide improved risk stratification. Method Prospective study of 192 prevalent maintenance haemodialysis ( HD) patients 12 lead ECGs were performed on a mid week non –dialysis day. Electrocardiographic strain was defined as a down slopping convex ST segment with inverted T waves in leads V5 and / or V6. Transthoracic echocardiographic was performed immediately after ECG .LV mass was indexed to body surface area (LVMIBSA). LVH was determined if LVMI &gt;116g/m2 for male patients, and &gt;100g/m2 for female patients. The primary study endpoint was major cardiac events (MACE). A secondary endpoint was all cause mortality. Results 192 patients included in the final analysis, 137 (71.4%) male.. The mean ejection fraction (EF) was 60.6± 11.1 % and the mean LVMI (BSA) was 115.0± 36.8 g/m2. During a mean follow up period of 2.4 ± 1.0 years, 50 patients reached a MACE end point and 62 patients died. On univariate Cox regression analysis, the factors associated with MACE were the presence of ECG strain (HR 2.961, CI: 1.254 – 6.990, p= 0.013)) URR (HR 0.968, CI: 0.942 – 0.994, p=0.015) and history of CAD (HR: 2.397 CI: 1.363 -4.2515, p= 0.002). In multivariate Cox regression analysis adjusting for baseline cardiovascular phenotype and dialysis parameters ECG strain remained significantly associated with MACE. Conclusion The presence of electrocardiographic strain increases the risk for MACE independently of LVH in haemodialysis patients. ECG strain has potential to be a simple bedside prognostic biomarker and even therapeutic target in haemodialysis patients.

scholarly journals Application value of nomogram and prognostic factors of gastric cancer patients who underwent D2 radical lymphadenectomy

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang-Chuan Mu ◽  
Yuan Huang ◽  
Zhi-Ming Liu ◽  
Xiang-Hua Wu ◽  
Xin-Gan Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Gastric Cancer Patients

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to explore the prognostic factors and establish a nomogram to predict the long-term survival of gastric cancer patients. Methods The clinicopathological data of 421 gastric cancer patients, who were treated with radical D2 lymphadenectomy by the same surgical team between January 2009 and March 2017, were collected. The analysis of long-term survival was performed using Cox regression analysis. Based on the multivariate analysis results, a prognostic nomogram was formulated to predict the 5-year survival rate probability. Results In the present study, the total overall 3-year and 5-year survival rates were 58.7 and 45.8%, respectively. The results of the univariate Cox regression analysis revealed that tumor staging, tumor location, Borrmann type, the number of lymph nodes dissected, the number of lymph node metastases, positive lymph nodes ratio, lymphocyte count, serum albumin, CEA, CA153, CA199, BMI, tumor size, nerve invasion, and vascular invasion were prognostic factors for gastric cancer (all, P < 0.05). However, merely tumor staging, tumor location, positive lymph node ratio, CA199, BMI, tumor size, nerve invasion, and vascular invasion were independent risk factors, based on the results of the multivariate Cox regression analysis (all, P < 0.05). The nomogram based on eight independent prognostic factors revealed a well-degree of differentiation with a concordance index of 0.76 (95% CI: 0.72–0.79, P < 0.001), which was better than the AJCC-7 staging system (concordance index = 0.68). Conclusion The present study established a nomogram based on eight independent prognostic factors to predict long-term survival in gastric cancer patients. The nomogram would be beneficial for more accurately predicting the prognosis of gastric cancer, and provide important basis for making individualized treatment plans following surgery.

Chemoradiation-induced changes in systemic inflammatory markers and their prognostic significance in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma

2021 ◽  
pp. 20200314
Author(s):  
Ni Sann Khin ◽  
Sze Huey Tan ◽  
Michael LC Wang ◽  
Tian Rui Siow ◽  
Faye LWT Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Oesophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Inflammatory State

Objective: Chemoradiation (CRT) may induce a change in systemic inflammatory state which could affect clinical outcomes in oesophageal cancer. We aimed to evaluate the changes and prognostic significance of systemic inflammatory markers following definitive CRT in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods: A total of 53 patients treated with concurrent CRT were included in this retrospective analysis. We compared neutrophils, lymphocytes, platelets, neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet–lymphocyte ratio (PLR) before and after CRT using Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were calculated. Univariable and multivariable survival analysis were performed using Cox regression analysis. Clinical univariable survival prognostic factors with p < 0.1 were included in a multivariable cox regression analysis for backward stepwise model selection. Results: Both NLR (median ∆+2.8 [IQR −0.11, 8.62], p < 001) and PLR (median ∆+227 [81.3–523.5], p < 0.001) increased significantly after CRT. Higher levels of pre-CRT, post-CRT and change (∆) in NLR and PLR were associated with inferior OS and PFS. Post-CRT NLR (HR 1.04, 95% CI 1.02–1.07, p < 0.001), post-CRT platelets (HR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01–1.05, p = 0.005), cT-stage (HR 3.83, 95% CI 1.39–10.60, p = 0.01) and RT dose (HR 0.41, 95% CI 0.21–0.81, p = 0.01) were independent prognostic factors for OS in multivariable analysis. Change in NLR (HR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01–1.06, p = 0.001), post-CRT platelets (HR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01–1.05, p = 0.002), cT-stage (HR 3.98, 95% CI 1.55–10.25, p = 0.004) and RT dose (HR 0.41, 95% CI 0.21–0.80, p = 0.009) were independent prognostic factors for PFS. Conclusion: Both NLR and PLR increased following definitive CRT. Post-CRT NLR and ∆NLR were associated with adverse survival in oesophageal SCC. Advances in knowledge: We showed that CRT increased PLR and NLR, possibly reflecting a systemic inflammatory state which were associated with poor clinical outcomes in oesophageal SCC.

Nomogram to predict survival of pulmonary large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma after surgery

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Huang ◽  
Jie Liu ◽  
Huifang Cai ◽  
Qi Zhang ◽  
Lina Wang
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Neuroendocrine Carcinoma ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Predictive Performance ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis

Abstract Background Pulmonary large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is a rare primary malignant tumor with a poor prognosis, and surgery is the main treatment. However, there are no effective predictive tools to assess the prognosis of postoperative patients. Our aim is to identify prognostic factors and construct nomogram to accurately assess prognosis. Methods Patients were identified in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Based on the results of Cox regression analysis, construct nomogram for predicting 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival. The predictive performance of nomogram was evaluated using the consistency index (C-index), the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC), and calibration plots. Results We finally screened 903 patients with pulmonary LCNEC who underwent surgery. The Cox regression analysis showed that age, SEER stage, T stage, N stage, M stage, tumor size, and chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors for overall survival (P<0.05). The C-index of the nomogram is 0.681 on the training cohort and 0.675 on the validation cohort. The AUC and calibration plots show that the nomogram has good performance. Conclusion We constructed and validated nomogram for predicting 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival of patients with pulmonary LCNEC after surgery. Our nomogram provides reference information for assessing the overall survival of these patients.

scholarly journals Role of the TGFβ/PDCD4/AP-1 Signaling Pathway in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma and Its Relationship to Prognosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 1392-1401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Ma ◽  
Shu-Hong Xuan ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Zhi-Ping Zhang ◽  
Xin-Hua Li
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Advanced Tumor Stage ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Low Expression

Background: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the role of the TGFβ/PDCD4/AP-1 pathway in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and its relationship to NPC prognosis. Methods: NPC tissues collected from 66 NPC patients were compared to 17 nasopharyngeal mucosa biopsy specimens collected as normal tissues. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to assess expression of transforming growth factor-β receptor I (TGFβRI), programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) and activator protein-1 (AP-1). The Kaplan-Meier method was applied to evaluate NPC patient overall survival (OS) and progression-free-survival (PFS). Cox regression analysis was used to estimate independent prognostic factors for NPC. The human NPC cell line CNE2 was selected and treated with SB431542, an inhibitor of TGFβRI; expression of TGFβRI and PDCD4 in CNE2 cells was determined by western blotting. NPC tissues showed higher expression of TGFβRI and AP-1 but lower expression of PDCD4 than normal tissues (all P < 0.05). Results: The results of Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that TGFβRI-positive patients and AP-1-positive patients had shorter OS and PFS than TGFβRI-negative patients and AP-1-negative patients; additionally, PDCD4-positive patients had higher OS and PFS than PDCD4-negative patients. Cox regression analysis revealed that advanced tumor stage, overexpression of TGFβRI and AP-1, and low expression of PDCD4 were unfavorable factors influencing OS and PFS in NPC patients. Compared with the control group, expression of TGFβRI decreased and that of PDCD4 increased significantly in CNE2 cells treated with the inhibitor (all P < 0.05). These findings indicate that the TGFβ/PDCD4/AP-1 pathway may be associated with NPC development and progression. Conclusion: High expression of TGFβRI and AP-1 and low expression of PDCD4 may be unfavorable prognostic factors for NPC.

Prognostic Factors in CD10 Negative Precursor B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children: Data from Three Consecutive Trials ALL-BFM 86, 90, and 95.

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 1957-1957
Author(s):  
Anja Möricke ◽  
Richard Ratei ◽  
Wolf-Dieter Ludwig ◽  
Jochen Harbott ◽  
Arndt Borkhardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Cns Involvement ◽  
Total N ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Abstract The overall unfavorable prognosis of CD10 negative (CD10−) precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) is well known. We analyzed 4473 pediatric patients (pts) <18 years (y) with BCP-ALL and immunophenotyping of CD10 enrolled from 1986 to 2000 in three consecutive ALL-BFM trials to explore prognostic factors in the CD10− subset. CD10 negativity was defined by CD10 expression in <20% of blasts. 233 pts (5.2%) were CD10−. In comparison to CD10 positive (CD10+) BCP-ALL pts, CD10− pts comprised more infants (age <1y 34% vs. 1%, p(X2)<0.001), more cases with hyperleukocytosis (WBC ≥100/nl 43% vs. 6%, p<0.001), more CNS involvement (CNS positive 10% vs. 2%; p<0.001) and an impaired treatment response (prednisone poor response (PPR) 22% vs. 5%, p<0.001; induction failure 6% vs. 1%, p<0.001). Estimated probability of 5 years event free survival (5y-pEFS) was significantly lower in pts with CD10− as compared to CD10+ BCP-ALL (49±3% vs 81±0.6%, p(log-rank)<0.001). Cox regression analysis including age, WBC, prednisone response (PR) and MLL/AF4 status as covariables revealed CD10 negativity as independent prognostic factor (RR 1.5, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1–2.1, p=0.01). Further analyses were performed within the CD10− group: 83% of infants and 60% of pts ≥1y were successfully analyzed for MLL/AF4. MLL/AF4 was detected in 55% of pts <1y and 27% of pts ≥1y. The well known risk factors for BCP-ALL (sex, age, WBC, CNS involvement, MLL/AF4 and PPR) also had prognostic impact within the CD10− group: n* 5y-pEFS* (%) SE (%) p (log-rank) *5 pts w/o reinduction were excluded sex female 109 55 5 0.022 male 119 40 5 age <1y 78 25 5 <0.001 ≥1y 150 62 4 WBC <100/nl 128 62 4 <0.001 ≥100/nl 100 33 5 CNS neg 181 54 4 0.011 pos 21 33 10 MLL/AF4 neg 95 53 5 0.001 pos 61 29 6 PR good 170 57 4 <0.001 poor 50 30 6 Out of a number of immunophenotypic markers, analyzed at different expression cut-off points, CD24 at missing or weak expression of <40% and CD65 at high expression of ≥40% were significantly correlated with unfavorable clinical characteristics and worse outcome within the CD10− group. Significant correlation with PR could only be demonstrated for expression of CD24, which is presumed to act as negative regulator in B-cell development through mediation of apoptosis. age<1y* WBC ≥100/nl* MLL/AF4 pos* PPR# pEFS§ n/total (%) n/total (%) n/total (%) n/total (%) % ±SE * all p(X2)<0.01, #CD24 p=0.01, CD65 n.s., §all p(log-rank]<0.001 CD24 <40% 37/77 (48) 52/77 (68) 33/56 (59) 24/73 (33) 32 ±5 CD24 ≥40% 34/122 (28) 35/122 (29) 18/76 (24) 20/119 (17) 59 ±5 CD65 <40% 56/180 (31) 67/180 (37) 39/120 (33) 39/175 (22) 30 ±7 CD65 ≥40% 22/44 (50) 32/44 (73) 21/34 (62) 10/41 (24) 54 ±4 Including age, WBC, PR and MLL/AF4 status as covariables, out of the analyzed markers only CD65 proved to be an independent prognostic factor in CD10− BCP-ALL (Cox regression analysis: RR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1–2.9, p=0.018). The identification of additional prognosis associated immunophenotypic markers may contribute to further refinement of treatment strategies for CD10− BCP-ALL pts.

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