scholarly journals COVID-19 containment policies through time may cost more lives at metapopulation level

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstans Wells ◽  
Miguel Lurgi
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Informed Decision ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Informed Decision Making ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Care Systems

AbstractThe rapid and pandemic spread of COVID-19 has led to unprecedented containment policies in response to overloaded health care systems. Disease mitigation strategies require informed decision-making to ensure a balance between the protection of the vulnerable from disease and the maintenance of global economies. We show that temporally restricted containment efforts, that have the potential to flatten epidemic curves, can result in wider disease spread and larger epidemic sizes in metapopulations. Longer-term rewiring of metapopulation networks or the enforcement of feasible long-term measures that decrease disease transmissions appear to be more efficient than temporarily restricted intensive mitigation strategies (e.g. short-term mass quarantine). Our results may inform balanced containment strategies for short-term disease spread mitigation in response to overloaded health care systems and longer-term epidemiological sizes.

scholarly journals Covid-19 FAQ’s in Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology – AEPC position paper.

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Skaiste Sendzikaite ◽  
Ruth Heying ◽  
Ornella Milanesi ◽  
Katarina Hanseus ◽  
Ina Michel-Behnke
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Position Paper ◽  
Paediatric Cardiology ◽  
European Paediatric ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
The Times ◽  
Almost All

Abstract The Covid-19 pandemic has had a huge influence in almost all areas of life, affecting societies, economics and health care systems worldwide. The paediatric cardiology community is no exception. As the challenging battle with Covid-19 continues, professionals from the Association for the European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology (AEPC) receive many questions regarding Covid-19 in a Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology setting. The aim of this paper is to present the AEPC position on frequently asked questions based on the most recent scientific data, as well as to frame a discussion on how to take care of our patients during this unprecedented crisis. As the times are changing quickly and information regarding Covid-19 is very dynamic, continuous collection of evidence will help guide constructive decision-making.

scholarly journals Unmasking a health care system: the Dutch policy response to the Covid-19 crisis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris Wallenburg ◽  
Jan-Kees Helderman ◽  
Patrick Jeurissen ◽  
Roland Bal
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Hard Time ◽  
Dutch Health ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Policy Systems ◽  
Care System

Abstract The Covid-19 pandemic has put policy systems to the test. In this paper, we unmask the institutionalized resilience of the Dutch health care system to pandemic crisis. Building on logics of crisis decision-making and on the notion of ‘tact’, we reveal how the Dutch government initially succeeded in orchestrating collective action through aligning public health purposes and installing socio-economic policies to soften societal impact. However, when the crisis evolved into a more enduring one, a more contested policy arena emerged in which decision-makers had a hard time composing and defending a united decision-making strategy. Measures have become increasingly debated on all policy levels as well as among experts, and conflicts are widely covered in the Dutch media. With the 2021 elections ahead, this means an additional test of the resilience of the Dutch socio-political and health care systems.

scholarly journals Long-term hospital attendance of children and adults who have undergone removal of normal or inflamed appendices

2002 ◽  
Vol 181 (6) ◽  
pp. 526-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola J. Dummett ◽  
Nicola J. Maughan ◽  
Anne Worrall-Davies
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Attendance Rates ◽  
Liaison Psychiatry ◽  
Abdominal Symptoms ◽  
Secondary Health Care ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Males And Females

BackgroundEarly studies suggested that presentations with unexplained acute abdominal pain were associated with increased long-term rates of hospital attendance and self-harm, especially in women, but few studies were large enough for definitive findings.AimsTo test the hypothesis that such presentations are followed by higher long-term utilisation rates of secondary health care even excluding further abdominal symptoms, and particularly for self-harm, than presentations with acute appendicitis.MethodNew hospital attendance rates, liaison psychiatry attendances and self-harm attendances of patients with normal appendices at emergency appendicectomy were compared with those of appendicitis patients.ResultsAttendance rates of all kinds were significantly higher for normal appendix patients than for appendicitis patients, with equal strengths of finding for males and females.ConclusionsPeople with normal appendices at emergency appendicectomy show higher long-term rates of hospital attendance. This has implications for how these patients are best managed by health care systems.

scholarly journals African American Women’s Involvement in Promoting Informed Decision-Making for Prostate Cancer Screening Among Their Partners/Spouses

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 884-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer D. Allen ◽  
Ifedayo C. Akinyemi ◽  
Amanda Reich ◽  
Sasha Fleary ◽  
Shalini Tendulkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
African American ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
African American Men ◽  
Prostate Cancer Screening ◽  
Informed Decision ◽  
Informed Decision Making ◽  
Care Providers

Routine prostate cancer screening is not recommended but African American men who are at higher risk for the disease should be offered the opportunity for shared decision-making with their health-care providers. This qualitative study sought to better understand the potential role of women in educating their male spouses/partners about prostate cancer screening. Nine focus groups were conducted ( n = 52). Women were recruited from a variety of community venues. Those eligible were African American and married to or in a partnership with an African American male age ≥ 45. Women provide numerous types of support to their male partners in an effort to facilitate participation in preventive health care. While women agreed that they would like to educate their partners about prostate cancer screening, they had little information about screening guidelines or the potential harms and limitations. The current findings suggest that women are eager information-seekers and can disseminate information to men and facilitate their efforts to make more informed decisions about prostate cancer screening. Women should be included in educational interventions for to promote informed decision-making for prostate cancer screening.

scholarly journals Journey of the Patient With Melanoma: Understanding Resource Use and Bridging the Gap Between Dermatologist, Surgeon, and Oncologist in Different Health Care Systems

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Cássia Rita Pereira da Veiga ◽  
Claudimar Pereira da Veiga ◽  
Ana Paula Drummond-Lage ◽  
Alberto Julius Alves Wainstein ◽  
Andreia Cristina de Melo
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
Medical Professionals ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Clinical Procedures ◽  
Care Systems

PURPOSE New scientific evidence has led to modifications in the clinical practice of handling melanoma. In health care systems, there is currently a wide variety of clinical procedures to treat cancer, and the various routes have different effects on the survival of patients with cancer. Thus, this article aimed to evaluate the journey of patients with melanoma in the public and private health care systems in Brazil from the viewpoint of different medical professionals involved in the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. The study also considers the resources used for the complete delivery cycle of health care at different stages of the evolution of melanoma. METHODS We conducted a behavioral study by applying a questionnaire to a group of medical professionals. A nonprobabilistic sampling method for convenience was used, justified by the heterogeneous national incidence and the limited availability of medical professionals who diagnose and treat melanoma. RESULTS The questionnaire was answered by 138 doctors, including doctors from the Brazilian states with the highest concentration of medical specialists and regions with a higher melanoma incidence. The results of this study have the potential to enrich our understanding of the reality of Brazilian health care systems and, at the same time, allow us to discuss the multiple ways in which professionals from diverse specialist fields understand and explain decision making in health care. CONCLUSION Health care decision making is complex and, among other factors, depends on the diversity of available health resources and the knowledge of which treatments provide the greatest benefit to patients and greatest value to the system as a whole. This work can inform debates and reflection that are applicable not only in Brazil, but also in various other countries with similar realities.

The Corporatization of Health Care: An Evaluation and An Alternative

1996 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Jacobs ◽  
V. Nilakant
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Health Care Organizations ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Work Organization ◽  
Corporate Form ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Medical Task

The corporatization of health care organizations has become a significant international trend. This paper examines that trend, comparing the development of corporate health care in the USA with the impact of the New Zealand health reforms. The paper traces the evolution of the organizations of health care systems and explains the emergence of the corporate form. We argue that the corporate model of work organization is unsuited to the complex and ambiguous nature of the medical task as it ignores inherent interdependencies. An alternative is needed which addresses work practices rather than just participation in decision making and is based on a concept of mutual interdependence and support in the execution of work.

scholarly journals Involving citizens in disinvestment decisions: what do health professionals think? Findings from a multi-method study in the English NHS

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Daniels ◽  
Iestyn Williams ◽  
Stirling Bryan ◽  
Craig Mitton ◽  
Suzanne Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Involvement ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Local Health ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Care Leaders ◽  
Local Health Care ◽  
Care Systems

AbstractPublic involvement in disinvestment decision making in health care is widely advocated, and in some cases legally mandated. However, attempts to involve the public in other areas of health policy have been accused of tokenism and manipulation. This paper presents research into the views of local health care leaders in the English National Health Service (NHS) with regards to the involvement of citizens and local communities in disinvestment decision making. The research includes a Q study and follow-up interviews with a sample of health care clinicians and managers in senior roles in the English NHS. It finds that whilst initial responses suggest high levels of support for public involvement, further probing of attitudes and experiences shows higher levels of ambivalence and risk aversion and a far more cautious overall stance. This study has implications for the future of disinvestment activities and public involvement in health care systems faced with increased resource constraint. Recommendations are made for future research and practice.

scholarly journals Potential long term adverse health outcomes of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
Dibanur Rashid Siddiqua ◽  
Md Shahadat Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Persistent Symptoms ◽  
Adverse Health ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Post Infectious

The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic poses an extraordinary challenges to patients, communities and overall health care systems. It has resulted in millions of people infected worldwide and has indirectly devastated even more individuals with prolonged post-infectious symptoms. The burden of survivors having post-COVID symptoms is likely to be huge. Multidisciplinary post-COVID-19 clinics are now playing a pivotal role addressing both persistent symptoms and potential long term sequelae. In this review, we tried to summarize the adverse health outcomes based on current evidences, assess the potential risk of long-term complications and make certain recommendations. Bangladesh Crit Care J March 2021; 9(1): 38-40

Truth telling and consent

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda L. Emanuel ◽  
Rebecca Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Informed Consent ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Truth Telling ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Ethical Norms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

Truth telling and informed consent are relatively recently established legal and ethical norms in end-of-life health care. This chapter provides an exploratory guide to the evolution of both norms, highlighting some of the benefits, problems, and issues associated with both terms. It also presents a selection of the stepwise protocols and practices which Western medicine has developed in order to deliver patient-centred palliative care which comforts and relieves. In addition, the chapter discusses the impact that constant adjustment to loss can have on patient psychology and decision-making in end-of-life care scenarios and the value of framing that experience in terms of continuous reintegration. Finally, the chapter discusses the lessons which can be learned from the contested place of family within health-care systems where decision-making depends on truth telling and informed consent, and the lessons which can be learned from familism across the globe.

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