scholarly journals Does pregnancy intention of mother affect child healthcare and growth in India? Evidence from a longitudinal survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poulomi Chowdhury ◽  
Mausam Kumar Garg ◽  
Illias Kanchan Sk
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Logistic Models ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Children Health ◽  
Unintended Births

Objective To assess the effect of unintended births on children health care and nutritional status. Design The study uses cross-sectional prospective design. Setting The nationally representative Indian Human Development Survey (IHDS) data of two rounds (i.e. 2004-5, 2011-12) was used in this study. The women data was used to draw representative sample of 7,166, and out of them 3,905 belong to under 5 years of age group. Statistical Analyses Secondary analysis, using bivariate and multivariate linear and logistic models was conducted using both rounds of IHDS data. We categorized birth as an unintended birth if mother did not want to have addition child at IHDS-I but gave birth during inter-survey. Furthermore, all births exceeding to the desired number of children reported by mothers in the IHDS-II were also included in unintended births and all other births were considered as intended births. Multivariate logistic regression models were applied to analyse the effect of unintended and intended births on child-immunization and exclusive breastfeeding. While multivariate linear regression models were used to assess the effect of childbearing intention on child nutritional status. Results The study shows that by controlling other factors, unintended births were less likely to be exclusively breastfed (OR 0.885, p<0.05) and receive full immunization (OR 0.830, p<0.001). Moreover, children poor nutrition was more prevalent among unintended births as they were more likely to be stunting and underweight. Conclusion The findings of the study underscore the importance of investments in family planning to reduce the unintended births to improve children health and growth.

scholarly journals Does mothers’ pregnancy intention affect their children’s preventive and curative care in India? Evidence from a longitudinal survey

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. e042615
Author(s):  
Poulomi Chowdhury ◽  
Mausam Kumar Garg ◽  
Md Illias Kanchan Sk
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Data File ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Curative Care ◽  
Unintended Births ◽  
Full Immunisation

ObjectiveTo assess the effect of unintended births on preventive and curative care of children and their nutritional status.DesignThe study uses a cross-sectional prospective design.SettingIndian Human Development Survey (IHDS) data of two rounds were used in this study. Women data file was used to draw a representative sample of 3905 children who belong to under 5 years of age group.Statistical analysesWe categorised birth as an unintended birth if the mother did not want to have an additional child at IHDS-I but gave birth during the intersurvey. Furthermore, all births exceeding to the desired number of children reported by mothers in the IHDS-II were also included in unintended births. Multivariate logistic regression models were applied to analyse the effect of unintended births on child immunisation and exclusive breast feeding, while multivariate linear regression models were used to assess the effect of childbearing intention on child nutritional status.ResultsThe study shows that by controlling other factors, children from unintended births were less likely to be exclusively breast fed (OR 0.885, 95% CI 0.792 to 0.990, p<0.05) and receive full immunisation (OR 0.830, 95% CI 0.739 to 0.931, p<0.001). Moreover, poor nutrition was more prevalent among children from unintended births as they were more likely to be stunted and underweight.ConclusionsThe study confirmed the adverse effects of unintended pregnancy on children’s preventive and curative care. The findings of the study underscore the importance of formulating policies on more affordable, accessible and available means of family planning to reduce the unintended births.

scholarly journals Association of Fatigue With Sarcopenia and its Elements: A Secondary Analysis of SABE-Bogotá

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 233372141770373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Patino-Hernandez ◽  
David Gabriel David-Pardo ◽  
Miguel Germán Borda ◽  
Mario Ulises Pérez-Zepeda ◽  
Carlos Cano-Gutiérrez
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Aging Adults

Objective: Sarcopenia, fatigue, and depression are associated with higher mortality rates and adverse outcomes in the aging population. Understanding the association among clinical variables, mainly symptoms, is important for screening and appropriately managing these conditions. The aim of this article is to evaluate the association among sarcopenia and its elements with depression and fatigue. Method: We used cross-sectional data from 2012 SABE ( Salud, Bienestar y Envejecimiento)-Bogotá study, which included 2,000 participants of ages ≥60 years. Sarcopenia and its elements were taken as the dependent variable, while fatigue and depression were the main independent variables. We tested the association among these through multiple logistic regression models, which were fitted for each dependent variable and adjusted for confounding variables. Results: Our findings showed that gait speed was associated with fatigue (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.05, 1.90], p = .02) as well as abnormal handgrip strength (adjusted OR = 1.40, 95% CI = [1.02, 1.93], p = .04). No other associations were significant. Conclusion: While sarcopenia and fatigue are not associated, two of the sarcopenia-defining variables are associated with fatigue; this suggests that lack of sarcopenia does not exclude undesirable outcomes related to fatigue in aging adults. Also, the lack of association between sarcopenia-defining elements and depression demonstrates that depression and fatigue are different concepts.

Association of Systemic Inflammation and Fatigue in Osteoarthritis: 2007−2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 532-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alisha J. Hackney ◽  
N. Jennifer Klinedinst ◽  
Barbara Resnick ◽  
Meg Johantgen
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
National Health ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Wbc Count

Background/Purpose:Mechanistic insight into osteoarthritis fatigue is needed as clinical management of this condition is nonspecific. Systemic inflammation is associated with fatigue in other chronic diseases. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between systemic inflammation and fatigue in osteoarthritis, while controlling for covariates.Method:This secondary analysis with a cross-sectional, multiyear retrospective design used data from the 2007−2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Adults with self-reported osteoarthritis who participated in an examination at a mobile center and had no comorbidities associated with fatigue or systemic inflammation were included ( n = 296). Complex sample analysis, independent samples t tests, and χ2tests of independence were used to explore differences between nonfatigued and fatigued adults with osteoarthritis. Adjusted hierarchical logistic regression models were used to calculate odds of fatigue as a function of two systemic inflammatory markers, C-reactive protein (CRP), and white blood cell (WBC) count.Results:Fatigued adults with osteoarthritis had significantly higher CRP levels and WBC counts compared to nonfatigued adults with osteoarthritis. In adjusted logistic regression models, increased CRP was associated with higher odds of fatigue when controlling for age, days affected by pain, depressive symptoms, sleep quantity, and body mass index (Odds ratio [ OR] = 3.38, 95% CI [1.18, 9.69]). WBC count was not associated with higher odds of fatigue when controlling for these variables ( OR = 1.10, 95% CI [0.92, 1.32]).Conclusion:Systemic inflammation may have a relationship with fatigue in osteoarthritis. Future work is necessary to replicate these findings in more robust studies.

Exposure to Organophosphate Pesticides and Menstrual Cycle Characteristics in Chinese Preconceptional Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 189 (5) ◽  
pp. 375-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Lin Ji ◽  
Yi Hu ◽  
Lap Ah Tse ◽  
Yiwen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Maternity Hospitals ◽  
Diethyl Phosphate ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Organophosphates (OPs) are the most heavily used pesticides in China. The Chinese population, including preconceptional women, is highly exposed, yet little is known regarding the associations between OP exposure and menstruation in humans. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis in women preparing for pregnancy to investigate the relationship between biomarkers of OP exposure and menstrual cycle characteristics. From 2013 to 2015, 627 women visiting free preconception-care clinics at 2 maternity hospitals in Shanghai, China, were included. Information on menstrual cycle characteristics was obtained through questionnaires. OP exposure was assessed by measuring urine concentrations of 6 dialkylphosphate metabolites (dimethylphosphate, dimethylthiophosphate, dimethyldithiophosphate, diethylphosphate, diethylthiophosphate, and diethyldithiophosphate). The relationship between concentrations of dialkylphosphate metabolites and menstrual cycle characteristics was analyzed using multiple linear regression models and logistic regression models. Log-transformed levels of diethyl phosphate metabolites (the sum of diethylphosphate and diethylthiophosphate levels) were related to a higher risk of irregularity of menstrual cycles (adjusted odds ratio = 2.36, 95% confidence interval: 1.28, 4.34). Subjects with a higher concentration of diethyl phosphate metabolites (log-transformed) had a shorter duration of menstrual bleeding (adjusted β = −0.33, 95% confidence interval: −0.64, −0.02). The findings suggest that OP exposure may be associated with alterations in menstrual function in preconceptional women.

scholarly journals Associations between the dietary inflammatory index and urinary incontinence among women younger than 65 years

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiyu Zhang ◽  
Haiyang Bian ◽  
Shi Qiu ◽  
Boyu Cai ◽  
Kun Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Physiological Mechanism ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Inflammatory Index

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and urinary incontinence (UI) among a representative sample of the US women. We performed a cross-sectional analysis of women younger than 65 years using the 1999 to 2016 NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) populations. DII were calculated based on baseline dietary intake using 24-h dietary recalls. UI was determined and categorized by self-reported questions. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the association between DII and UI. Stratified linear regression models were applied to test for interaction in prespecified subgroup of interest. A total of 13,441 women age between 20 and 65 years were included in the final analysis. Of these participants 3230 (24.03%) complained of urgency UI, 5276 (39.25%) complained of stress UI and 2028 (15.09%) complained of mixed UI. On multivariate analysis, analysis with DII categorized as quartiles revealed significantly increase odds of urgency UI in the most pro-inflammatory quartile compared to the most anti-inflammatory quartile (OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.07–1.44, P = 0.004 for trend) in full adjustment model. Similar results were observed in SUI (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.00–1.30, P = 0.021 for trend) and MUI (OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.02−1.43, P = 0.022 for trend). More pro-inflammatory diets, as presented by higher DII scores are associated with an increased likelihood of UI in American women younger than 65 years. Further studies are needed to explore the possible physiological mechanism and evaluate the potential therapeutic implications.

Head Circumference within the Normal Range and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Preterm Infants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa T. Bushman ◽  
Christina Blanchard ◽  
Rachael G. Sinkey ◽  
Stacy Harris ◽  
Brian Casey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head Circumference ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Impact

Objective We sought to determine if variation in head circumference (HC) within the range of normal (5th–10th and 90th–95th percentile) is associated with poor neurodevelopmental outcomes (NDO), which defined as mild or moderate delay by Bayley II psychometrics (BSID-II). Study Design This is a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial assessing the benefits of magnesium for the prevention of cerebral palsy. Fetuses with a normal HC at birth defined as within 5th to 95th percentile were included. NDO were assessed at age 2 with BSID-II. Moderate delay was defined as a score <70 and mild delay as <85. HC was classified as small normal (5th–10th percentile), normal (10th–90th percentile), and large normal (90th–95th percentile). Logistic regression models adjusted for confounding. Linear regression models estimated the impact for every 1 cm of change in HC. Results Of 1,236 included infants, 111 (8%) had small normal HC; 1,058 (85%) had normal HC; and 67 (5%) had large normal HC. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups. There was no association with changes in HC within the range of normal and developmental indices. When considered as a continuous variable, every 1 cm increase in HC was also not associated with a significant change in developmental indices. Conclusion Within the normal range (5th–95th percentile), changes in HC did not correlate with changes in NDO at 2 years as measured by Bayley II scales. Key Points

scholarly journals Understanding the Importance of Fatherhood among Men Living with HIV in Ontario

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 232595822110161
Author(s):  
Luke Thomas Kyne ◽  
Mark H. Yudin ◽  
Tsegaye Bekele ◽  
Mona Loutfy ◽  
Sean B. Rourke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Fertility Desires ◽  
Women Living With Hiv ◽  
African Caribbean ◽  
History Of ◽  
Living With Hiv

While pregnancy and motherhood have become paramount clinical issues for women living with HIV, parenting has received less attention among men living with HIV (MLWH). We conducted a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional study assessing fertility desires and intentions of MLWH using a 5-point Likert scale based on the question: “Being a father is important to me”. Logistic regression models were fit to calculate unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (CIs) for significant correlates. Of the 276 respondents, 118 were heterosexual, 158 were gay, bisexual, 2-spirit, or queer (GBTQ), 55% had never parented before, and 65% wanted to parent. 191 (69%) respondents agreed that fatherhood was important to them. In unadjusted analyses, heterosexuality (OR 1.52; 95% CI 1.15 to 2.03), African/Caribbean/Black ethnicity (OR 1.57; 95% CI 1.12 to 2.19), African/Caribbean birthplace (OR 1.48; 95% CI 1.06 to 2.05), and history of parenting (OR 1.60; 95% CI 1.10 to 2.39) were significantly (p < 0.05) associated with importance of fatherhood. However, none of these variables were significant in adjusted analyses. From the unadjusted model, factors such as sexual orientation, ethnicity, and current parenthood may influence how MLWH value fatherhood, suggesting HIV and fatherhood is complex and must be explored further.

scholarly journals Starchy Vegetables and Metabolic Syndrome in Costa Rica

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1639
Author(s):  
Zhongyao Li ◽  
Dongqing Wang ◽  
Edward A. Ruiz-Narváez ◽  
Karen E. Peterson ◽  
Hannia Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional

Only a few studies primarily examined the associations between starchy vegetables (other than potatoes) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). We aimed to evaluate the association between starchy vegetables consumption and MetS in a population-based sample of Costa Rican adults. We hypothesized that a higher overall intake of starchy vegetables would not be associated with higher MetS prevalence. In this cross-sectional study, log-binomial regression models were used to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) of MetS across quintiles of total, unhealthy, healthy starchy vegetables, and individual starchy vegetables (potatoes, purple sweet potatoes, etc.), among 1881 Costa Rican adults. Least square means and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from linear regression models were estimated for each MetS component by categories of starchy vegetable variables. Higher intakes of starchy vegetables were associated with a higher prevalence of MetS in crude models, but no significant trends were observed after adjusting for confounders. A significant inverse association was observed between total starchy and healthy starchy vegetables consumption and fasting blood glucose. In this population, starchy vegetables might be part of a healthy dietary pattern.

Challenging the Link Between Early Childhood Television Exposure and Later Attention Problems: A Multiverse Approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 095679762097165
Author(s):  
Matthew T. McBee ◽  
Rebecca J. Brand ◽  
Wallace E. Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Propensity Score Analysis ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Attention Problems ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Score Analysis ◽  
Television Exposure

In 2004, Christakis and colleagues published an article in which they claimed that early childhood television exposure causes later attention problems, a claim that continues to be frequently promoted by the popular media. Using the same National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 data set ( N = 2,108), we conducted two multiverse analyses to examine whether the finding reported by Christakis and colleagues was robust to different analytic choices. We evaluated 848 models, including logistic regression models, linear regression models, and two forms of propensity-score analysis. If the claim were true, we would expect most of the justifiable analyses to produce significant results in the predicted direction. However, only 166 models (19.6%) yielded a statistically significant relationship, and most of these employed questionable analytic choices. We concluded that these data do not provide compelling evidence of a harmful effect of TV exposure on attention.

scholarly journals The multimorbidity of hypertension and osteoarthritis and relation with sleep quality and hyperlipemia/hyperglycemia in China’s rural population

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Ran ◽  
Qi Chen ◽  
Jingyi Zhang ◽  
Xinlong Tu ◽  
Xiaodong Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Joint Effect ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Additive Interaction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Remote Rural Area

AbstractHypertension (HTN) and osteoarthritis (OA) are frequent in middle-aged and elderly people, and the co-occurrence of these two diseases is common. However, the pathogenesis of the multimorbidity of both diseases and the relation with sleep quality, hyperlipemia, and hyperglycemia is unclear. We conducted a cross-sectional study to make sense of the multimorbidity of HTN and OA and the relation with sleep quality, hyperlipemia, and hyperglycemia. The relation between sleep quality and OA and its joint effect with hyperlipemia or hyperglycemia was evaluated with logistic regression models. The additive interaction was assessed with the relative excess risk due to interaction (REEI), the attributable proportion (AP), and the synergy index (S). According to this research in a remote rural area, approximately 34.2% of HTN patients are accompanied with OA and 49.1% are suffering poor sleep. Both hyperlipemia/hyperglycemia and sleep quality were related to OA prevalence with crude ORs of 1.43 (95% CI 1.014–2.029) and 1.89 (95% CI 1.411–2.519, P < 0.001) respectively. An observed additive effect was found greater than the sum of the effects of sleep quality and hyperlipemia/hyperglycemia posed on OA prevalence alone. This additive interaction was observed in females (OR = 3.19, 95% CI 1.945–5.237) as well as males ≥ 65 years old (OR = 2.78, 95% CI 1.693–4.557), with RERI, AP, and S significant. Therefore, poor sleep and hyperlipemia/hyperglycemia are associated with OA, and further studies on the additive interaction among females and males ≥ 65 are warranted.

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