scholarly journals Associations between the dietary inflammatory index and urinary incontinence among women younger than 65 years

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiyu Zhang ◽  
Haiyang Bian ◽  
Shi Qiu ◽  
Boyu Cai ◽  
Kun Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Physiological Mechanism ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Inflammatory Index

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and urinary incontinence (UI) among a representative sample of the US women. We performed a cross-sectional analysis of women younger than 65 years using the 1999 to 2016 NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) populations. DII were calculated based on baseline dietary intake using 24-h dietary recalls. UI was determined and categorized by self-reported questions. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the association between DII and UI. Stratified linear regression models were applied to test for interaction in prespecified subgroup of interest. A total of 13,441 women age between 20 and 65 years were included in the final analysis. Of these participants 3230 (24.03%) complained of urgency UI, 5276 (39.25%) complained of stress UI and 2028 (15.09%) complained of mixed UI. On multivariate analysis, analysis with DII categorized as quartiles revealed significantly increase odds of urgency UI in the most pro-inflammatory quartile compared to the most anti-inflammatory quartile (OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.07–1.44, P = 0.004 for trend) in full adjustment model. Similar results were observed in SUI (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.00–1.30, P = 0.021 for trend) and MUI (OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.02−1.43, P = 0.022 for trend). More pro-inflammatory diets, as presented by higher DII scores are associated with an increased likelihood of UI in American women younger than 65 years. Further studies are needed to explore the possible physiological mechanism and evaluate the potential therapeutic implications.

Exposure to Organophosphate Pesticides and Menstrual Cycle Characteristics in Chinese Preconceptional Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 189 (5) ◽  
pp. 375-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Lin Ji ◽  
Yi Hu ◽  
Lap Ah Tse ◽  
Yiwen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Maternity Hospitals ◽  
Diethyl Phosphate ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Organophosphates (OPs) are the most heavily used pesticides in China. The Chinese population, including preconceptional women, is highly exposed, yet little is known regarding the associations between OP exposure and menstruation in humans. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis in women preparing for pregnancy to investigate the relationship between biomarkers of OP exposure and menstrual cycle characteristics. From 2013 to 2015, 627 women visiting free preconception-care clinics at 2 maternity hospitals in Shanghai, China, were included. Information on menstrual cycle characteristics was obtained through questionnaires. OP exposure was assessed by measuring urine concentrations of 6 dialkylphosphate metabolites (dimethylphosphate, dimethylthiophosphate, dimethyldithiophosphate, diethylphosphate, diethylthiophosphate, and diethyldithiophosphate). The relationship between concentrations of dialkylphosphate metabolites and menstrual cycle characteristics was analyzed using multiple linear regression models and logistic regression models. Log-transformed levels of diethyl phosphate metabolites (the sum of diethylphosphate and diethylthiophosphate levels) were related to a higher risk of irregularity of menstrual cycles (adjusted odds ratio = 2.36, 95% confidence interval: 1.28, 4.34). Subjects with a higher concentration of diethyl phosphate metabolites (log-transformed) had a shorter duration of menstrual bleeding (adjusted β = −0.33, 95% confidence interval: −0.64, −0.02). The findings suggest that OP exposure may be associated with alterations in menstrual function in preconceptional women.

scholarly journals Does mothers’ pregnancy intention affect their children’s preventive and curative care in India? Evidence from a longitudinal survey

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. e042615
Author(s):  
Poulomi Chowdhury ◽  
Mausam Kumar Garg ◽  
Md Illias Kanchan Sk
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Data File ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Curative Care ◽  
Unintended Births ◽  
Full Immunisation

ObjectiveTo assess the effect of unintended births on preventive and curative care of children and their nutritional status.DesignThe study uses a cross-sectional prospective design.SettingIndian Human Development Survey (IHDS) data of two rounds were used in this study. Women data file was used to draw a representative sample of 3905 children who belong to under 5 years of age group.Statistical analysesWe categorised birth as an unintended birth if the mother did not want to have an additional child at IHDS-I but gave birth during the intersurvey. Furthermore, all births exceeding to the desired number of children reported by mothers in the IHDS-II were also included in unintended births. Multivariate logistic regression models were applied to analyse the effect of unintended births on child immunisation and exclusive breast feeding, while multivariate linear regression models were used to assess the effect of childbearing intention on child nutritional status.ResultsThe study shows that by controlling other factors, children from unintended births were less likely to be exclusively breast fed (OR 0.885, 95% CI 0.792 to 0.990, p<0.05) and receive full immunisation (OR 0.830, 95% CI 0.739 to 0.931, p<0.001). Moreover, poor nutrition was more prevalent among children from unintended births as they were more likely to be stunted and underweight.ConclusionsThe study confirmed the adverse effects of unintended pregnancy on children’s preventive and curative care. The findings of the study underscore the importance of formulating policies on more affordable, accessible and available means of family planning to reduce the unintended births.

scholarly journals The role of food processing in the inflammatory potential of diet during pregnancy

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Carolina Assis Silva ◽  
Izabela Da Silva Santos ◽  
Nitin Shivappa ◽  
James R. Hebert ◽  
Lívia Castro Crivellenti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Processing ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
Inflammatory Index ◽  
The Relationship

The aim was to investigate the relationship between the energy contribution (E%) of foods according to the degree of industrial processing and the energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII) in pregnancy. Two 24-hour dietary recalls were obtained from each of the 784 pregnant women. Adjusted linear regression models allowed observing an inverse association between E-DII scores and E% from minimally processed foods β = -0.049 (95%CI -0.055– -0.042) and a direct association with the E% of ultra-processed foods β = 0.052 (95%CI 0.045–0.058), indicating a relationship between the dietary inflammatory potential and the degree of industrial processing of foods.

scholarly journals The association between Dietary Inflammatory Index scores and the prevalence of colorectal adenoma

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 1609-1616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyson Haslam ◽  
Sara Wagner Robb ◽  
James R Hébert ◽  
Hanwen Huang ◽  
Michael D Wirth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Colorectal Adenoma ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Inflammatory Index ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
The Usa

AbstractObjectiveThe Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII)TM, which was developed to characterize the inflammatory potential of a person’s diet, has been shown to be associated with inflammatory conditions such as cancer. The present study aimed to investigate the association between DII scores and colorectal adenoma (CRA), a pre-cancerous condition.DesignResponses to baseline dietary questionnaires were used calculate DII scores. In a cross-sectional study design, the association between DII scores and CRA prevalence was determined in men and women separately using logistic regression models.SettingTen cancer screening centres across the USA.SubjectsParticipants were those included in the screening arm of the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial.ResultsAmong the 44 278 individuals included in these analyses, men with diets in the most inflammatory quartile of DII scores had higher odds of all types of CRA (advanced, non-advanced and multiple (>1)) compared with those with diets in the least inflammatory quartile of DII scores. In fully adjusted models, compared with those with DII scores in quartile 1 (least inflammatory), males with DII scores in quartile 3 (adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=1·28; 95 % CI 1·12, 1·47) and quartile 4 (aOR=1·41; 95 % CI 1·23, 1·62) were more likely to have prevalent distal CRA. Higher DII scores, representing a more inflammatory diet, also were weakly associated with a higher prevalence of CRA in women.ConclusionsImplementing an anti-inflammatory diet may be an effective means of primary prevention of CRA, especially in men.

scholarly journals Does pregnancy intention of mother affect child healthcare and growth in India? Evidence from a longitudinal survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poulomi Chowdhury ◽  
Mausam Kumar Garg ◽  
Illias Kanchan Sk
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Logistic Models ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Children Health ◽  
Unintended Births

Objective To assess the effect of unintended births on children health care and nutritional status. Design The study uses cross-sectional prospective design. Setting The nationally representative Indian Human Development Survey (IHDS) data of two rounds (i.e. 2004-5, 2011-12) was used in this study. The women data was used to draw representative sample of 7,166, and out of them 3,905 belong to under 5 years of age group. Statistical Analyses Secondary analysis, using bivariate and multivariate linear and logistic models was conducted using both rounds of IHDS data. We categorized birth as an unintended birth if mother did not want to have addition child at IHDS-I but gave birth during inter-survey. Furthermore, all births exceeding to the desired number of children reported by mothers in the IHDS-II were also included in unintended births and all other births were considered as intended births. Multivariate logistic regression models were applied to analyse the effect of unintended and intended births on child-immunization and exclusive breastfeeding. While multivariate linear regression models were used to assess the effect of childbearing intention on child nutritional status. Results The study shows that by controlling other factors, unintended births were less likely to be exclusively breastfed (OR 0.885, p<0.05) and receive full immunization (OR 0.830, p<0.001). Moreover, children poor nutrition was more prevalent among unintended births as they were more likely to be stunting and underweight. Conclusion The findings of the study underscore the importance of investments in family planning to reduce the unintended births to improve children health and growth.

scholarly journals Starchy Vegetables and Metabolic Syndrome in Costa Rica

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1639
Author(s):  
Zhongyao Li ◽  
Dongqing Wang ◽  
Edward A. Ruiz-Narváez ◽  
Karen E. Peterson ◽  
Hannia Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional

Only a few studies primarily examined the associations between starchy vegetables (other than potatoes) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). We aimed to evaluate the association between starchy vegetables consumption and MetS in a population-based sample of Costa Rican adults. We hypothesized that a higher overall intake of starchy vegetables would not be associated with higher MetS prevalence. In this cross-sectional study, log-binomial regression models were used to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) of MetS across quintiles of total, unhealthy, healthy starchy vegetables, and individual starchy vegetables (potatoes, purple sweet potatoes, etc.), among 1881 Costa Rican adults. Least square means and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from linear regression models were estimated for each MetS component by categories of starchy vegetable variables. Higher intakes of starchy vegetables were associated with a higher prevalence of MetS in crude models, but no significant trends were observed after adjusting for confounders. A significant inverse association was observed between total starchy and healthy starchy vegetables consumption and fasting blood glucose. In this population, starchy vegetables might be part of a healthy dietary pattern.

scholarly journals Association between Dietary Inflammatory Index and Periodontitis: A Cross-Sectional and Mediation Analysis

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1194
Author(s):  
Vanessa Machado ◽  
João Botelho ◽  
João Viana ◽  
Paula Pereira ◽  
Luísa Bandeira Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Dietary Inflammatory Index ◽  
Clinical Attachment Loss ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inflammatory Index

Inflammation-modulating elements are recognized periodontitis (PD) risk factors, nevertheless, the association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and PD has never been appraised. We aimed to assess the association between DII and PD and the mediation effect of DII in the association of PD with systemic inflammation. Using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009–2010, 2011–2012 and 2013–2014, participants who received periodontal exam and provided dietary recall data were included. The inflammatory potential of diet was calculated via DII. PD was defined according to the 2012 case definition. White blood cells (WBC), segmented neutrophils and C-reactive protein (CRP) were used as proxies for systemic inflammation. The periodontal measures were regressed across DII values using adjusted multivariate linear regression and adjusted mediation analysis. Overall, 10,178 participants were included. DII was significantly correlated with mean periodontal probing depth (PPD), mean clinical attachment loss (CAL), thresholds of PPD and CAL, WBC, segmented neutrophils and DII (p < 0.01). A linear regression logistic adjusted for multiple confounding variables confirmed the association between DII and mean PPD (B = 0.02, Standard Error [SE]: 0.02, p < 0.001) and CAL (B = −0.02, SE: 0.01, p < 0.001). The association of mean PPD and mean CAL with both WBC and segmented neutrophils were mediated by DII (from 2.1 to 3.5%, p < 0.001). In the 2009–2010 subset, the association of mean CAL with serum CRP was mediated by DII (52.0%, p < 0.01). Inflammatory diet and PD may be associated. Also, the inflammatory diet significantly mediated the association of leukocyte counts and systemic inflammation with PD.

Challenging the Link Between Early Childhood Television Exposure and Later Attention Problems: A Multiverse Approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 095679762097165
Author(s):  
Matthew T. McBee ◽  
Rebecca J. Brand ◽  
Wallace E. Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Propensity Score Analysis ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Attention Problems ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Score Analysis ◽  
Television Exposure

In 2004, Christakis and colleagues published an article in which they claimed that early childhood television exposure causes later attention problems, a claim that continues to be frequently promoted by the popular media. Using the same National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 data set ( N = 2,108), we conducted two multiverse analyses to examine whether the finding reported by Christakis and colleagues was robust to different analytic choices. We evaluated 848 models, including logistic regression models, linear regression models, and two forms of propensity-score analysis. If the claim were true, we would expect most of the justifiable analyses to produce significant results in the predicted direction. However, only 166 models (19.6%) yielded a statistically significant relationship, and most of these employed questionable analytic choices. We concluded that these data do not provide compelling evidence of a harmful effect of TV exposure on attention.

scholarly journals The multimorbidity of hypertension and osteoarthritis and relation with sleep quality and hyperlipemia/hyperglycemia in China’s rural population

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Ran ◽  
Qi Chen ◽  
Jingyi Zhang ◽  
Xinlong Tu ◽  
Xiaodong Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Joint Effect ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Additive Interaction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Remote Rural Area

AbstractHypertension (HTN) and osteoarthritis (OA) are frequent in middle-aged and elderly people, and the co-occurrence of these two diseases is common. However, the pathogenesis of the multimorbidity of both diseases and the relation with sleep quality, hyperlipemia, and hyperglycemia is unclear. We conducted a cross-sectional study to make sense of the multimorbidity of HTN and OA and the relation with sleep quality, hyperlipemia, and hyperglycemia. The relation between sleep quality and OA and its joint effect with hyperlipemia or hyperglycemia was evaluated with logistic regression models. The additive interaction was assessed with the relative excess risk due to interaction (REEI), the attributable proportion (AP), and the synergy index (S). According to this research in a remote rural area, approximately 34.2% of HTN patients are accompanied with OA and 49.1% are suffering poor sleep. Both hyperlipemia/hyperglycemia and sleep quality were related to OA prevalence with crude ORs of 1.43 (95% CI 1.014–2.029) and 1.89 (95% CI 1.411–2.519, P < 0.001) respectively. An observed additive effect was found greater than the sum of the effects of sleep quality and hyperlipemia/hyperglycemia posed on OA prevalence alone. This additive interaction was observed in females (OR = 3.19, 95% CI 1.945–5.237) as well as males ≥ 65 years old (OR = 2.78, 95% CI 1.693–4.557), with RERI, AP, and S significant. Therefore, poor sleep and hyperlipemia/hyperglycemia are associated with OA, and further studies on the additive interaction among females and males ≥ 65 are warranted.

scholarly journals Isotonic quadriceps endurance is better associated with daily physical activity than quadriceps strength and power in COPD: an international multicentre cross-sectional trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Frykholm ◽  
Sarah Gephine ◽  
Didier Saey ◽  
Arthur Lemson ◽  
Peter Klijn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Quadriceps Strength ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Quadriceps Function ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Models

AbstractKnowledge about modifiable determinants of daily physical activity (PA) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is crucial to design effective PA interventions. The present study aimed to determine the contribution of quadriceps strength, power and endurance to daily PA in COPD. Additionally, for quadriceps endurance, we also aimed to determine to what extent the association varies according to the mode of movement (isotonic, isometric, or isokinetic). Using a multicentre cross-sectional trial design we determined the contribution of quadriceps function to daily PA (steps, sedentary time and time spent doing moderate-to-very-vigorous physical activity [MVPA]) using bivariate and partial Pearson correlation analysis (r) and multiple linear regression models (ΔR2). Pre-determined controlling factors were sex, age, body mass index (BMI), COPD-assessment test, forced expiratory volume in one second in percent of the predicted value (FEV1pred), and distance walked on the 6-minute walk test. Eighty-one patients with COPD (mean ± SD: age 67 ± 8 years, FEV1pred 57 ± 19%, daily steps 4968 ± 3319, daily sedentary time 1016 ± 305 min, and MVPA time 83 ± 45 min) were included. Small to moderate bivariate correlations (r = .225 to .452, p < .05) were found between quadriceps function and measures of PA. The best multiple linear regression models explained 38–49% of the variance in the data. Isotonic endurance was the only muscle contributor that improved all PA models; daily steps (ΔR2 = .04 [relative improvement 13%] p = .026), daily sedentary time (ΔR2 = .07 [23%], p = .005) and MVPA-minutes (ΔR2 = .08 [20%], p = .001). Isotonic endurance was also independently associated with most PA variables, even when controlling for strength, power or isometric-isokinetic endurance properties of the muscle (r = .246 to .384, p < .05). In contrast, neither strength, power, isometric-or isokinetic endurance properties of the muscle was independently associated with PA measures when controlling for isotonic endurance (r = .037 to .219, p > .05). To conclude, strength, power, and endurance properties of the quadriceps were low to moderately associated with PA in patients with COPD. Isotonic quadriceps endurance was the only quadriceps property that was independently associated with the different measures of PA after controlling for a basic set of known determinants of PA, quadriceps strength or power, or isometric or isokinetic quadriceps endurance. Future longitudinal studies should investigate its potential as a modifiable determinant of PA.

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